V.M. Bekhterev`s Pedagogical Institute for Social Breeding and Research of the Normal and Defective Child (1921-1925): Theoretical and Applied Value

516

Abstract

In article is covered the history of one of interesting educational institutions of the beginning of the 1920th – Vladimir Bekhterev`s Pedagogical institute for social breeding and research of the normal and defective child acting as a part of Psychoneurological academy in 1921-1925. Addressing unpublished documentation from funds of the Central state archive of St. Petersburg, the State archive of the Russian Federation, authors reconstruct history of creation and feature of functioning of Institute, investigate its scientific educational program and possibilities of its realization in practice, characterize structure and dynamics of training of students, place emphasis on establishment of interrelation of Institute with other institutions and laboratories of Psychoneurological academy, providing his functioning infrastructure. Authors draw a conclusion that the Vladimir Bekhterev`s Pedagogical institute for social breeding and research of the normal and defective child became useful experience of coordination of theoretical researches and applied developments in field of experimental pedagogics of the 1920th. Classical psychoneurological theories, on the one hand, and the ideas of the doctrine of V.M. Bekhterev - reflexology (individual and collective) - with another have been the basis for an institution. The educational program offered as a result differed from existing at that time and assumed attention to a labor element of education and a priority of a practical training over theoretical. The last answered the essential tasks set for scientific community and it was demanded in the early twenties: the project has got public financing and support. Though the idea of Institute was impractical, it reflects a bright, contradictory and interesting era of experimental science in the 1920th.

General Information

Keywords: Vladimir Bekhterev, Alexander Griboyedov, correctional pedagogics, endowments, laboratories, applied researches, fight against homelessness, experimental pedagogics

Journal rubric: Psychology of Education

Article type: scientific article

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/psyedu.2018100201

For citation: Dolgova E.A., Hivinova D.A. V.M. Bekhterev`s Pedagogical Institute for Social Breeding and Research of the Normal and Defective Child (1921-1925): Theoretical and Applied Value [Elektronnyi resurs]. Psychological-Educational Studies, 2018. Vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 1–10. DOI: 10.17759/psyedu.2018100201. (In Russ., аbstr. in Engl.)

References

  1. Bekhterev V.M. Voprosy vospitaniya v vozraste pervogo detstva (v svyazi s postanovkoi ego v Pedologicheskom institute) [Issues of education at the age of the first childhood (in connection with his statement at the Pedological Institute)]. Sankt-Peterburg: Publ. B.M. Vol'fa, 1909. 39 p.
  2. Bekhterev V.M. Khronika: Institut po izucheniyu mozga i psikhicheskoi deyatel'nosti, otchet o deyatel'nosti po 15 iyulya 1919 goda) [Chronicle: Institute for the Study of the Brain and Mental Activity, report on the activities of July 15, 1919)]. Voprosy izucheniya i vospitaniya lichnosti [Questions of studying and education of personality], 1919, no 1, pp. 136-168.
  3. Shchelovanov N.M. Otchet o rabotakh Instituta po izucheniyu mozga i psikhicheskoi deyatel'nosti s iyulya 1919 g. po yanvar' 1921 goda) [Report on the work of the Institute for the Study of the Brain and Mental Activity from July 1919 to January 1921)]. Voprosy izucheniya i vospitaniya lichnosti [Questions of studying and education of personality], 1921, no 3, pp. 472-500.
  4. Voprosy vospitaniya normal'nogo i defektivnogo rebenka [The issues of the upbringing of a normal and defective child]. Petrograd: Gosizdat, 1924. 233 p.
  5. Voprosy psikhofiziologii, refleksologii i gigieny truda [Questions of psychophysiology, reflexology and occupational hygiene (1923)]. Kazan': Gosizdat, 1923. 212 p.
  6. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Rossiiskoi Federatsii [State Archive of the Russian Federation], coll. A-1565, aids. 6, fol. 302.
  7. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Rossiiskoi Federatsii [State Archive of the Russian Federation], coll. А-2307, aids. 2, fol. 161.
  8. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Rossiiskoi Federatsii [State Archive of the Russian Federation], coll. А-2307, aids. 2, fol. 199.
  9. Dolgova E.A. «Proektnaya nauka»: uchenye i mekhanizm gosudarstvennoi podderzhki nauchnykh initsiativ v postrevolyutsionnye gody ["Project science": scientists and the mechanism of state support of scientific initiatives in post-revolutionary years]. In O.V. Gorbacheva, L.N. Mazur (eds.), Epokha sotsialisticheskoi rekonstruktsii: idei, mify i programmy sotsial'nykh preobrazovanii [The era of socialist reconstruction: ideas, myths and programs of social transformations]. Ekaterinburg: Publ. Ural. un-ta, 2017, pp. 405-416.
  10. Central'nyi gosudarstvennyi arhiv Sankt-Peterburga [Central State Archives of St. Petersburg], coll. 3972, aids. 1, fol. 2.
  11. Central'nyi gosudarstvennyi arhiv Sankt-Peterburga [Central State Archives of St. Petersburg], coll. 3977, aids. 1, fol. 2055.
  12. Central'nyi gosudarstvennyi arhiv Sankt-Peterburga [Central State Archives of St. Petersburg], coll. 3977, aids. 1, fol. 2157.
  13. Central'nyi gosudarstvennyi arhiv Sankt-Peterburga [Central State Archives of St. Petersburg], coll. 3977, aids. 1, fol. 2156.
  14. Central'nyi gosudarstvennyi arhiv Sankt-Peterburga [Central State Archives of St. Petersburg], coll. 3977, aids. 1, fol. 2076.
  15. Byford A. V.M. Bekhterev in Russian child science, 1900-1920th: «objective psychology» «reflexology» as a scientific movement. Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, 2016, Spring, no 52(2), pp. 99–123. WOS:000373932200001.

Information About the Authors

Evgeniya A. Dolgova, PhD in History, Associate Professor, Center for Interdisciplinary Humanitarian Studies, Faculty of History, Political Science and Law, Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: Dolgova-evg@rambler.ru

Daria A. Hivinova, Specialist in Teaching and Methodical Work, Center of Mesoamerica by Yuri Knorozov, Faculty of History, Political Science and Law, Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: Hivinova.daria@ya.ru

Metrics

Views

Total: 1415
Previous month: 15
Current month: 16

Downloads

Total: 516
Previous month: 2
Current month: 14