Previous issue (2020. Vol. 13, no. 3)
Included in Web of Science СС (ESCI)
|
|
Study of crowding effect for stimuli of low contrast and large size in the centre of vision field 1276
Bondarko V.M. Doctor of Biology, Leading Research Associate, Laboratory of physiology of vision, Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St.Petersburg, Russia e-mail: vmbond@gmail.com Danilova M.V. PhD in Biology, Leading Researcher, Laboratory of physiology of vision, Pavlov Institute of Physiology, St.Petersburg, Russia e-mail: mar.danilova@gmail.com Solnushkin S.D. Senior Research Associate, Laboratory of Informational Technologies and Mathematical Modeling, Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St.Petersburg, Russia e-mail: solnushkin@list.ru Chikhman V.N. PhD in Engineering, Senior Research Associate, Head of Laboratory of Informational Technologies and Mathematical Modeling, Pavlov Psychological Institute of Russian Academy of Science, St.Petersburg, Russia e-mail: niv@pavlov.infran.ru
We present the results of psychophysical studies on the effect of additional images (distractors) for identification of test stimuli presented at the center of the visual field. As a test we used low contrast Landolt rings with size 1.1; 1.5 or 2.2 degre es. Distractors were Landolt rings or rings without discontinuities of the same size. Distractor would appear to the right or left of the ring in the region of 1 to 2 between the centers of the diameters of the test images. The task of the observer was in distinguishing the orientation of test Landolt rings. It is shown that the presentation of the same shape distractor degrades test recognition at a distance of up to 1,8 diameter of the Landolt test rings, which exceeds the interaction areas defined previously in the studies of the of crowding effect. Distractor in the form of a ring without gap degrades the perception on a minimum distance, in contact with the test. Errors in distinction of orientation of test Landolt rings were not accidental: observers have often pointed out the orientation of the distractor. The possible impact of integration features of images and attention on the outcome of experiments factor is discussed.
- Atkinson J. Review of human visual development: crowding and dyslexia.
Vision and visual dyslexia, London,
1991, pp. 44–57.
- Bernard J. B., Chung S. T. L. The dependence of crowding on flanker
complexity and target–flanker
similarity. Journal of Vision, 2011, vol. 11, no. 8, pp. 1–16.
http://www.journalofvision.org/content/11/8/1,
doi:10.1167/11.8.1.
- Bondarko V. M., Danilova M. V. Krauding-effekt pri razlichnom okruzhenii i
rasstoyanii mezhdu stimulami [Crowding effect for different surrounding and
distance between stimuli]. Sensornye sistemy [Sensory systems (Russia)], 1996,
vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 132–140 (In Russ.).
- Bondarko V. M., Danilova M. V. Svyaz’ krauding-effekta s funktsionirovaniem
vysokochastotnykh prostranstvennykh elementov [Connection of crowding-effect
with work of high frequency spatial elements]. Sensornye sistemy [Sensory
systems (Russia)], 2002, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 89–99 (In Russ.).
- Bondarko V. M., Danilova M. V., Solnushkin S. D., Chikhman V. N. Otsenka
razmera zony krauding-effekta
pri periferiinom pred”yavlenii stimulov [Estimates of the size of inhibitory
areas in crowding effects in periphery]. Fiziologiya cheloveka [Human
physiology (Russia)], 2014, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 13–21 (In Russ.).
- Bouma H. Interaction effects in parafoveal letter recognition. Nature.
1970, vol. 226, no. 5241, pp. 177–178. doi:10.1038/226177a0.
- Chung S. T. L., Levi D. M., Legge G. E. Spatial-frequency and contrast
properties of crowding. Vision Res., 2001, vol. 41, pp. 1833–1850.
doi:10.1016/S0042-6989(01)00071-2.
- Danilova M. V., Bondarko V. M. Foveal contour interactions and crowding
effects. Journal of Vision, 2007, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 1–18.
http://journalofvision.org/17/12/25/,
doi:10.1167/1167.1162.1125.
- Danilova M. V., Bondarko V. M. Vliyanie konteksta na vypolnenie zadachi
razlicheniya orientatsii
pryamougol’nykh reshetok na predele razresheniya zritel’noi sistemy [Infuence
of context to discrimination of orientations of squared gratings at the
resolution limit of visual system]. Sensornye sistemy [Sensory systems
(Russia)], 2002, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 100–109 (In Russ.).
- Ehlers H. Clinical testing of visual acuity. AMA Archives of Ophthalmology,
1953, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 431–434.
doi:10.1001/archopht.1953.00920020441007.
- Ehrt O., Hess R. Foveal contour interaction: detection and discrimination.
J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 2005, vol. 22, pp. 209-216.
doi:10.1364/JOSAA.22.000209.
- Flom M. C. Contour interaction and the crowding effect. Problems in
Optometry. 1991, vol. 3, no. 2., pp. 237–257.
- Flom M. C., Heath G. G., Takahashi E. Contour interaction and visual
resolution: contralateral effects. Science, 1963, vol. 142, no. 3594, pp.
979-980. doi:10.1126/science.142.3594.979.
- Flom M. C., Weymouth F.W., Kahneman D. Visual resolution and contour
interaction. J. Opt. Soc. Am., 1963, vol. 53, no. 9, pp. 1026–1032.
doi:10.1364/JOSA.53.001026.
- Freeman J., Chakravarthi R., Pelli D. G. Substitution and pooling in
crowding. Atten. Percept. Psychophys., 2012, vol. 74, pp. 379–396.
doi:10.3758/s13414-011-0229-0.
- Hanus D., Vul E. Quantifying error distributions in crowding. Journal of
Vision, 2013, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 1–27. doi:10.1167/13.4.17.
- He S., Cavanagh P., Intriligator J. Attentional resolution and the locus of
visual awareness. Nature, 1996, vol. 383, pp. 334–336.
doi:10.1038/383334a0.
- Hess R. F., Jacobs R. J. A preliminary report of acuity and contour
interactions across the amblyope's visual field. Vision Research, 1979, vol.
19, pp. 1403–1408. doi:10.1016/0042-6989(79)90214-1.
- Kooi F. L., Toet A., Tripathy S. P., Levi D. M. The effect of similarity
and duration on spatial interaction in peripheral vision. Spatial Vision, 1994,
vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 255–279. doi:10.1163/156856894X00350.
- Levi D. M. Crowding—An essential bottleneck for object recognition: A
mini-review. Vision Res., 2008, vol. 48, pp. 635–654. doi:10.1167/2.2.3.
- Levi D. M., Klein S. A., Hariharan S. Suppressive and facilitatory spatial
interactions in foveal vision: foveal crowding is simple contrast masking.
Journal of Vision, 2002, vol. 2, pp. 140–166. doi:10.1016/j.
visres.2007.12.009.
- Parkes L., Lund J., Angelucci A., Solomon J., Morgan M. Compulsory
averaging of crowded orientation signals in human vision. Nature Neuroscience,
2001, vol. 4, no. 7, pp. 739–744. doi:10.1038/89532.
- Pelli D. G. Crowding: A cortical constraint on object recognition. Current
opinion in neurobiology, 2008, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 445–451.
doi:10.1016/j.conb.2008.09.008.
- Pelli D. G., Palomares M., Majaj N. J. Crowding is unlike ordinary masking:
distinguishing feature detection and integration. Journal of Vision, 2004, vol.
4, pp. 1136–1169. doi:10.1167/4.12.12.
- Pelli D. G., Tillman K. A. The uncrowded window of object recognition.
Nature Neuroscience, 2008, vol. 11, pp. 1129–1135. doi:10.1038/nn1208-1463
b.
- Strasburger H., Harvey L. O., Jr., Rentchler I. Contrast thresholds for
identification of numeric characters in direct and eccentric view. Perception
& Psychophysics, 1991, vol. 49, no. 6, pp. 495–508.
doi:10.3758/BF03212183.
- Strasburger H., Rentschler I., Juttner M. Peripheral vision and pattern
recognition: A review. Journal of Vision, 2011, vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 1–30.
doi:10.1167/11.5.13.
- Townsend J. T., Taylor S. G., Brown D. R. Lateral masking for letters with
unlimited viewing time. Perception and Psychophysics, 1971, vol. 10, no. 5, pp.
375–378. doi:10.3758/BF03207464.
- Tripathy S. P., Cavanagh P., Bedell H. E. Large crowding zones in
peripheral vision for briefly presented stimuli. Journal of Vision, 2014, vol.
14, no. 6. doi:10.1167/14.6.11.
- Wetherill G. B., Levitt H. Sequential estimation of points on a
psychometric function. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical
Psychology, 1965, vol. 18, pp. 1–10.
doi:10.1111/j.2044-8317.1965.tb00689.x.
- Woodrow H. The effect of pattern upon simultaneous letter-span. Am. J.
Psychology, 1938, vol. 51, pp. 83–96. doi:10.2307/1416417.
|
|