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The Interaction of the Parent with the Young Child: Structure and Dynamics of Parental Responsiveness 115
Galasyuk I.N.
PhD in Psychology, Assistant Professor, Department of Neuro-and Pathopsycholog, Moscow State University of Psychology & Education, Moscow, Russia
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6333-8293
e-mail: igalas64@gmail.com Mitina O.V.
PhD in Psychology, Leading Research Associate, Department of Psychology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2237-4404
e-mail: omitina@inbox.ru
The article presents a theoretical justification of the concept of Parental Responsiveness (PR) based on the cultural and historical concept, the activity paradigm and the results of an empirical study, the purpose of which is to operationalize the psychological construct of parental responsiveness and build an explanatory model of the dynamic functioning of parental responsiveness. The study involved 55 mothers with children between the ages of 2.4 and 3.3 years, developing within the norm. The method "Evaluation of child-parent interaction (ECPI)", which provides video surveillance, was used. The data was processed using the Observer XT-14 computer program. The Principal component analyses the method with orthogonal rotation Varimax was used to identify generalizing categories that characterize PR and allows describing their variations. As a result, there were 4 categories (scales) that determine the manifestation of responsiveness by the parent: Dominance, Apathy, Sensitivity, and Support. Their stability was shown in the process of parent-child interaction. A profile of parental responsiveness is constructed for each parent, which determines the extend of each scale when interacting with the child. The developed dynamic multidimensional autoregressive model of Parental Responsiveness allows us to evaluate the dynamics of parental behavior and determine the nature of the relationship between scales during the session.
The psychological birth of the human infant and consequent
development during early childhood is analyzed from various perspectives, but
regardless of the approach, all of them look at these processes through the
prism of parent-child interaction. Parent-child interaction is a set of
behaviours that could be observed and measured with the help of scales that are
marked during the observation.
The reported study was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), project number 19-513- 92001 «Cross-cultural specifics of interaction between a significant adult and a child in Russia and Vietnam».
The authors are grateful to the young scientists, clinical psychologists of the Chair of Neuro-and Pathopsychology of Development of MSUPE Pak V.V. and Garifullina A.D. for their help in coding cases with the Observer — XT 14 program.
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