|
|
Interpersonal Sensitivity in the Period of Self-Isolation and Its Role in the Choice of Social Distancing Measures 445
Polskaya N.A.
Doctor of Psychology, Professor, Chair of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Counseling and Clinical Psychology, Moscow State University of Psychology & Education, Moscow, Russia
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-5577
e-mail: polskayana@yandex.ru Razvaliaeva A.Yu.
PhD in Psychology, Assistant Researcher Research Laboratory of Cognitive Functioning Assessment and Development, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2046-3411
e-mail: annraz@rambler.ru
The present study was called forth by the relevant issue of COVID-19 pandemic. We emphasize that it emerged as a traumatic situation for many people, whereas measures against its spread further exacerbate psychological distress. In the current study we focused on interpersonal sensitivity in the clinical sense, as a heightened vulnerability to emotions and behaviors of the others linked to expectations of critique and rejection. The study examined the relationships between interpersonal sensitivity and a) protective measures against COVID-19; b) affiliation motivation, loneliness and current emotional state. The relationships were assessed employing correlation, regression and mediation analysis. The sample included 496 people (85,5% women and 14,5% men), aged 14—59 (M=20,42; SD=6,2).We used a survey including questions on adherence to social distancing recommendations and use of protective measures, the Russian versions of PANAS, UCLA Loneliness Scale, Mehrabian’s Affiliative Tendency and Sensitivity to Rejection Scales and Interpersonal Sensitivity Measure. The results show that interpersonal sensitivity increased in youth, positively correlated with negative affect, loneliness and fear of rejection, and negatively correlated with affiliation motivation, positive affect and self-reported psychological and physical state. Interpersonal sensitivity positively and affiliation motivation negatively predicted the choice of two protective measures: going out less and limiting contacts. Affiliation motivation mediated the relationship between interpersonal sensitivity and going out less.
Keywords: COVID-19, self-isolation, interpersonal sensitivity, fear of rejection, negative and positive affect, loneliness
Column: Psychological Well-Being
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/pse.2020250606
Funding. The reported study was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), project number № 20-013-00429.
Acknowledgements. The authors are grateful to Maria Melnikova, Master’s student, for assistance in data collection.
-
Vodop’yanova N.E.Psikhodiagnostika stressa
[Psychodiagnostics of stress].Saint Petersburg: Piter, 2009.329 p.(In
Russ.).
-
Osin E.N.Izmerenie pozitivnykh i negativnykh emotsii:
razrabotka russkoyazychnogo analoga metodiki PANAS [Measuring Positive and
Negative Affect: Development of a Russian-language Analogue of
PANAS].Psikhologiya. Zhurnal Vysshei shkoly ekonomiki = Psychology.
Journal of the Higher of Economics, 2012.Vol.9, no.4, pp.91—110.(In
Russ.).
-
Petrikov S.S., Kholmogorova A.B., Suroegina A.Yu., Mikita
O.Yu., Roi A.P., Rakhmanina A.A.Professional’noe vygoranie, simptomy
emotsional’nogo neblagopoluchiya i distressa u meditsinskikh rabotnikov vo
vremya epidemii COVID-19 [Professional Burnout, Symptoms of Emotional Distress
and Distress among Healthcare Professionals during the COVID-19
Epidemic].Konsul’tativnaya psikhologiya i psikhoterapiya = Counseling
Psychology and Psychotherapy, 2020.Vol.28, no.2,
pp.8—45.DOI:10.17759/cpp.2020280202.(In Russ., аbstr.in Engl.).
-
Sorokin M.Yu., Kas’yanov E.D., Rukavishnikov G.V.,
Makarevich O.V., Neznanov N.G., Lutova N.B., Mazo G.E.Psikhologicheskie
reaktsii naseleniya kak faktor adaptatsii k pandemii COVID-19 [Psychological
reactions of the population as a factor of adaptation to the COVID-19
pandemic].Obozrenie psikhiatrii i meditsinskoi psikhologii = V.M.
Bekhterev Review of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, 2020, no.2,
pp.87—94.DOI:10.31363/2313-7053-2020-2-87-94.(In Russ.).
-
Tkhostov A.Sh., Rasskazova E.I.Psikhologicheskoe
soderzhanie trevogi i profilaktiki v situatsii infodemii: zashchita ot
koronavirusa ili «porochnyi krug» trevogi? [Psychological Contents of Anxiety
and the Prevention in an Infodemic Situation: Protection against Coronavirus or
the “Vicious Circle” of Anxiety?].Konsul’tativnaya psikhologiya i
psikhoterapiya = Counseling Psychology and Psychotherapy,
2020.Vol.28, no.2, pp.70—89.DOI:10.17759/cpp.2020280204 (In Russ., аbstr.in
Engl.).
-
Fetiskin N.P., Kozlov V.V., Manuilov
G.M.Sotsial’no-psikhologicheskaya diagnostika razvitiya lichnosti i malykh
grupp [Sociopsychological diagnostics of personality development and small
groups].Moscow: Institut Psikhoterapii, 2002.488 p.(In Russ.).
-
Kharlamenkova N.E., Bykhovets Yu.V., Dan M.V., Nikitina
D.A.Perezhivanie neopredelennosti, trevogi, bespokoistva v usloviyakh COVID-19
[Experiences of uncertainty, anxiety and unrest during COVID-19] [Elektronnyi
resurs].IP RAS Publ., 2020.Available at:
http://www.ipras.ru/cntnt/rus/institut_p/covid-19/ kommentarii-eksp/har-1.html
(Accessed 14.07.2020).(In Russ.).
-
Abdelrahman M.Personality Traits, Risk Perception, and
Protective Behaviors of Arab Residents of Qatar During the COVID-19 Pandemic
[Elektronnyi resurs].International Journal of Mental Health and
Addiction, 2020.DOI:10.1007/s11469-020-00352-7
-
Baumeister R.F., DeWall C.N., Ciarocco N.J., Twenge
J.M.Social exclusion impairs self-regulation.Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 2005.Vol.88, no.4, pp.589—604.DOI:10.1037/0022-
3514.88.4.589
-
Baumeister R.F., Leary M.R.The need to belong: desire for
interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation.Psychological
Bulletin, 1995.Vol.117, no.3, pp.497—529.DOI:10.1037/0033-
2909.117.3.497
-
Boyce P., Parker G.Development of a scale to measure
interpersonal sensitivity.Australian and New Zealand Journal of
Psychiatry, 1989.Vol.23, no.3, pp.
341—351.DOI:10.1177/000486748902300320
-
Brooks S.K., Webster R.K., Smith L.E., Woodland L.,
Wessely S., Greenberg N., Rubin G.J.The psychological impact of quarantine and
how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence.The Lancet, 2020.Vol.395,
no.10227, pp.912—920.DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8
-
Feldman S., Downey G.Rejection sensitivity as a mediator
of the impact of childhood exposure to family violence on adult attachment
behavior.Development and Psychopathology, 1994.Vol.6, no.1, pp.231—
247.DOI:10.1017/S0954579400005976
-
Forte G., Favieri F., Tambelli R., Casagrande M.The Enemy
Which Sealed the World: Effects of COVID-19 Diffusion on the Psychological
State of the Italian Population [Elektronnyi resurs].Journal of Clinical
Medicine, 2020.Vol.9, no.6, p.1802.DOI:10.3390/jcm9061802
-
Gao S., Assink M., Cipriani A., Lin K.Associations between
rejection sensitivity and mental health outcomes: A meta-analytic
review.Clinical Psychology Review, 2017.Vol.57,
pp.59—74.DOI:10.1016/j.cpr.2017.08.007
-
Hayes A.F.Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and
Conditional Process Analysis.A Regression-Based Approach.2nd ed.New York: The
Guilford Press, 2017.692 p.
-
Leary M.R.Emotional responses to interpersonal
rejection.Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 2015.Vol.17, no.4,
pp.435—441.DOI:10.1093/acprof:o so/9780195130157.003.0006
-
Leary M.R.Responses to Social Exclusion: Social Anxiety,
Jealousy, Loneliness, Depression, and Low Self-Esteem.Journal of Social and
Clinical Psychology, 1990.Vol.9, no.2, pp.221—229.DOI:10.1521/
jscp.1990.9.2.221
-
Lee A., Wong J., McAlonan G., Cheung V., Cheung C., Sham
P.C., Chu C.-M., Wong P.-C., Tsang K., Chua S.E.Stress and Psychological
Distress Among SARS Survivors 1 Year After the Outbreak.The Canadian Journal
of Psychiatry, 2007.Vol.52, no.4, pp.
233—240.DOI:10.1177/070674370705200405
-
Levy S.R., Ayduk O., Downey G.The role of rejection
sensitivity in people’s relationships with significant others and valued social
groups.In Leary M.R.(ed.).Interpersonal rejection. New York: Oxford
University Press, 2001, pp.251—289.
-
Lin L., Savoia E., Agboola F., Viswanath K.What have we
learned about communication inequalities during the H1N1 pandemic: a systematic
review of the literature [Elektronnyi resurs].BMC Public Health,
2014.Vol.14, no.1, p.484.DOI:10.1186/1471-2458-14-484
-
Marin T.J., Miller G.E.The Interpersonally sensitive
disposition and health: An integrative review.Psychological Bulletin,
2013.Vol.139, no.5, pp.941— 984.DOI:10.1037/a0030800
-
Mehrabian A.Evidence bearing on the affiliative tendency
(MAFF) and sensitivity to rejection (MSR) scales.Current Psychology,
1994.Vol.13, no.2, pp. 97—116.DOI:10.1007/BF02686794
-
Olsson A., Carmona S., Downey G., Bolger N., Ochsner
K.N.Learning biases underlying individual differences in sensitivity to social
rejection.Emotion, 2013.Vol.13, no.4,
pp.616—621.DOI:10.1037/a0033150
-
Orgilés M., Morales A., Delveccio E., Mazzeschi C., Espada
J.P.Immediate Psychological Effects of COVID-19 Quarantine in Youth from Italy
and Spain [Elektronnyi resurs].SSRN Electronic Journal,
2020.DOI:10.2139/ssrn.3588552
-
Roy D., Tripathy S., Kar S.K., Sharma N., Verma S.K.,
Kaushal V.Study of knowledge, attitude, anxiety & perceived mental
healthcare need in Indian population during COVID-19 Pandemic [Elektronnyi
resurs].Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 2020.Vol.51,
p.102083.DOI:10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102083
-
Schaan V.K., Schulz A., Bernstein M., Schächinger H.,
Vögele C.Effects of rejection intensity and rejection sensitivity on social
approach behavior in women [Elektronnyi resurs].PLOS One, 2020.Vol. 15,
no. 1.Available at: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/
article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0227799 (Accessed 05.07.2020).
-
Sprang G., Silman M.Posttraumatic stress disorder in
parents and youth after health-related disasters.Disaster Medicine and
Public Health Preparedness, 2013.Vol.7,
pp.105—110.DOI:10.1017/dmp.2013.22
-
Taylor S.The psychology of pandemics: Preparing for the
next global outbreak of infectious disease.Newcastle upon Tyne, UK: Cambridge
Scholars Publishing, 2019.158 p.
-
Tian F., Li H., Tian S., Yang J., Shao J., Tian
C.Psychological symptoms of ordinary Chinese citizens based on SCL-90 during
the level I emergency response to COVID-19 [Elektronnyi resurs].Psychiatry
Research, 2020, p.112992.DOI:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112992
-
Watson J., Nesdale D.Rejection Sensitivity, Social
Withdrawal, and Loneliness in Young Adults.Journal of Applied Social
Psychology, 2012.Vol.42, no.8, pp.
1984—2005.DOI:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2012.00927.x
-
Xin M., Luo S., She R., et al.Negative cognitive and
psychological correlates of mandatory quarantine during the initial COVID-19
outbreak in China.American Psychologist, 2020.Vol.75, no.5,
pp.607—617.DOI:10.1037/amp0000692
-
Zimmer-Gembeck M.J., Nesdale D.Anxious and angry rejection
sensitivity, social withdrawal, and retribution in high and low Ambiguous
situations.Journal of Personality, 2013.Vol.81, no.1,
pp.29—38.DOI:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2012.00792.x
|
|
