Coping Strategies of Members of Open and Closed Contact

Objective. Identification of differences in copying behavior in members of closed and open groups, as well as identification of peculiarities of these differences. Background. One of the significant factors in the logic of considering the personality-group relationship, taking into account the degree of group closure, is the process of integration of the individual into the group and, above all, the mechanisms of adaptation into the community, in particular, copying behavior, due to his individual-personality characteristics. Study design. The study aims to identify differences in the preferred coping strategies of members of open and closed groups with different intragroup status. Intragroup status was detected using a standard package of socio-psychological methods. Preferred coping strategies — using the SACS methodology. Statistical analysis of the significance of differences was performed using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. Participants. 208 people participated in the study. 106 subjects working in production divisions of IT-companies, namely customer service managers of four departments of 20 to 30 people, the average age of subjects was 21.6 years, work experience from 1 to 3 years. 102 soldiers of army units of the “branch-platoon” level of 10 to 25 personnel, the average age of soldiers is 19.6 years. Measurements. Methods of research included: sociometry, referentometry, methodical acceptance of the definition of the informal inragroup structure of power in the contact community, algorithm of calculation of the integral status of the individual in the contact community M.J. Condratiev, method “Strategies for overcoming stress situations” (SACS) S. Hobfall in adaptation of N.E. Wateryanova and E.S. Starchenkova. Results. Based on the analysis of the obtained data, it is shown that in open-type organizations the achievement of a high-level position in the informal intra-group structure is facilitated by copying strategies with a high degree of activity and a pro-social orientation, while in closed-type organizations the achievement of a high-level position is facilitated by direct and asocial copying strategies. Conclusions. In open communities, conditionally constructive strategies are more preferred, while in closed conditionally destructive copying strategies.

 

1.        Argentova T.E., Topolova E.V. Osobennosti sovladayushchego povedeniya detei-sirot starshego podrostkovogo vozrasta [Features of coping behavior of older adolescent orphans]. Sibirskii psikhologicheskii zhurnal = Siberian psychological journal, 2007, no. 25, pp.67—72. (In Russ).

2.        Vodop’yanova N.E. Psikhodiagnostika stressa [Psychodiagnostics of stress]. St. Petersburg: Piter-press, 2009. 338 p. (In Russ).

3.        Elizarova T.Yu. K probleme opredeleniya soderzhaniya fenomena psikhologicheskogo preodoleniya [On the problem of determining the content of the phenomenon of psychological overcoming]. In T.Yu. Elizarova (eds.). Obrazovanie i povyshenie kvalifikatsii rabotnikov obrazovaniya = Education and professional development of education workers: Sb. nauch. tr. Vyp. 14. Ch. 1. Moscow, 1999. 208 p. (In Russ).

4.        Il’in V.A., Svirin D.V. Psikhosotsial’noe razvitie vysokostatusnykh, srednestatusnykh i nizkostatusnykh voennosluzhashchikh srochnoi sluzhby [Psychosocial development of high-status, medium-status and low-status conscripts]. Sotsial’naya psikhologiya i obshchestvo = Social psychology and society, 2018. Vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 144—161. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/sps.2018090110 (In Russ).

5.        Kondrat’ev M.Yu., Il’in V.A. Azbuka sotsial’nogo psikhologa-praktika [ABC of a social psychologist-practice]. Moscow: PER SE, 2007. 464 p. (In Russ).

6.        Kryukova T.L. Psikhologiya sovladayushchego povedeniya v raznye periody zhizni. Diss. kand. psikhol. nauk. [Psychology of coping behavior in different periods of life. PhD (Psychology) diss]. Kostromа, 2005. 476 p. (In Russ).

7.        Nartova-Bochaver S.K. «Coping behavior» v sisteme ponyatii psikhologii lichnosti [“Coping behavior” in the system of concepts of personality psychology]. Psikhologicheskii zhurnal = Psychological journal, 1997, no. 5, pp. 20—30. (In Russ).

8.        Nartova-Bochaver S.K., Borodina A.A. Znachimye sobytiya v zhizni sovremennykh podrostkov [Significant events in the life of modern teenagers]. Aktual’nye problemy sovremennogo detstva [Current problems of modern childhood]. Moscow, 1996, pp. 63—66. (In Russ).

9.        Prikhozhan A.M. Osobennosti sovladayushchego povedeniya podrostkov vospitannikov detskogo doma [Features of coping behavior of teenagers in Orphanages]. Vestnik Rossiiskogo gosudarstvennogo gumanitarnogo universiteta. Seriya: “Psikhologiya. Pedagogika. Obrazovanie” = Bulletin of the Russian state University for the Humanities. Series: “Psychology. Pedagogy. Education”, 2012, no. 15, pp. 116—129. (In Russ).

10.    Prikhozhan A.M., Tolstykh N.N. Psikhologiya sirotstva [The psychology of abandonment]. 2-e zd. Saint Petersburg: Piter, 2005. 400 p. (In Russ).

11.    Rogachev V.A., Konopleva I.N. Analiticheskii obzor issledovanii po probleme neopredelennosti i izucheniya koping-strategii u sotrudnikov pravookhranitel’nykh organov [Elektronnyi resurs] [Analytical review of research on uncertainty and coping strategies in law enforcement officials]. Psikhologiya i pravo = Psychology and law, 2018. Vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 26—43. DOI: https://doi. org/10.17759/psylaw.2018080103 (In Russ).

12.    Sachkova M.E. Psikhologiya srednestatusnogo uchashchegosya: monografiya [Psychology of the average student]. Moscow: Publ. “Yurait”, 2019. 202 p. (In Russ).

13.    Kondrat’ev M.Yu. [i dr.]. Sotsial’no-psikhologicheskii diagnostiko-korrektsionnyi kompleks dlya sovremennykh rossiiskikh internatnykh uchrezhdenii : uchebno-metodicheskoe posobie [Socio-psychological diagnostic and correctional complex for modern Russian residential institutions]. Moscow: Moskovskii gorodskoi psikhologo-pedagogicheskii universitet, 2010. 72 p. (In Russ).

14.    Teslavskaya O.I., Savchenko T.N. Sub”ektivnoe kachestvo zhizni i psikhologicheskaya adaptatsiya u lits s nizkim, srednim i vysokim urovnem eskapizma [Subjective quality of life and psychological adaptation in individuals with low, medium and high levels of escapism]. Eksperimental’naya psikhologiya = Experimental psychology, 2019. Vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 162—176. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/exppsy.2019120212 (In Russ).

15.    Chekhlatyi E.I., Veselova N.V. Osobennosti otnosheniya k zdorov’yu i lecheniyu, lichnostnye konflikty i sposoby ikh razresheniya (koping-povedenie) u bol’nykh nevrozami [Features of attitude to health and treatment, personal conflicts and ways to resolve them (coping behavior) in patients with neuroses]. Integrativnye aspekty sovremennoi psikhoterapii. [Integrative aspects of modern psychotherapy]. Sb. nauch. trudov in-ta im. V.M.Bekhtereva. Saint Petersburg, 1992, pp. 95—103. (In Russ).