Современные зарубежные исследования проблемы понимания текстов младшими школьниками ⁹⁷⁴

Представлен опыт отраженный в зарубежных публикациях по проблематике трудностей в обучении младших школьников, связанных с пониманием прочитанного текста, как одного из важнейших универсальных учебных действий. Рассмотрены и проанализированы результаты исследований ученых из США, Финляндии, Канады, Китая и других стран. Выявлено, что за последние полвека у школьников значительно снизились и имеют тенденцию к ухудшению показатели качества чтения. Особое внимание уделено анализу возможных причин некорректного чтения и непонимания информационного текста. Среди них: влияние сложности текста на его восприятие при чтении, разные подходы при обучении чтению, контроль и оценка читательских умений. Описаны факторы, способствующие лучшему пониманию текстов. Представлены стратегии преодоления трудностей и пути формирования читательских умений. Эти исследования имеют огромное значение для теории и практики педагогической науки, так как способность понимать прочитанный текст важна не только для успешного обучения в школе, но и как жизненно необходимое условие

Ключевые слова: понимание текста, трудности понимания, читательские умения, начальное образование

Рубрика: Психология образования

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/jmfp.2016050309

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