Комплексные клинико-социальные исследования в Московском научно-исследовательском институте психиатрии: трансляция в клиническую практику

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Аннотация

Статья посвящена работе Московского научно-исследовательского института психиатрии по совершенствованию психиатрической помощи пациентам с психотическими расстройствами. Важной особенностью этой работы являлся комплексный подход, в котором клиническая картина заболевания оценивалась в неразрывной связи с личностными и психологическими характеристиками пациента, социальными условиями его жизни, терапевтическими возможностями, реабилитационным потенциалом и организационной структурой помощи. В статье приводятся результаты многолетней работы отдела внебольничной психиатрии и организации психиатрической помощи под руководством профессора И.Я. Гуровича. Представлены результаты научных исследований, выполненных сотрудниками института в традиционном гуманистическом ключе. Трансляционный характер исследования подчеркивается неразрывной связью с клиническими и социальными подходами.

В результате многолетней работы была разработана концепция оказания помощи различным группам пациентов, начиная с первых проявлений заболевания и заканчивая случаями длительно протекающих хронических расстройств с выраженным уровнем социальной дезадаптации. В результате были предложен целый спектр новых организационных форм психиатрической помощи, таких как отделения (клиники) первого психотического эпизода, медико-реабилитационные отделения, отделения интенсивного оказания психиатрической помощи, предназначенные для наиболее тяжелого контингента пациентов. Данные организационные формы были закреплены в нормативных документах Министерства здравоохранения и социального Развития Российской Федерации. На сегодняшний день вышеперечисленные отделения созданы в психиатрических учреждениях в многих регионах РФ. Дальнейшее развитие данного направления связано с нейробиологическими исследованиями по выделению комплексные биомаркеров расстройств психотического спектра.

Таким образом, исследования, осуществляемые в настоящее время, сохраняют традицию комплексного клинико-социального подхода к изучению психических расстройств. Показано, что важным преимуществом данного подхода является их трансляционный характер.

Общая информация

Ключевые слова: психиатрия, психосоциальная реабилитация, нейробиологические исследования

Рубрика издания: Историческая перспектива

Тип материала: научная статья

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/CP95

Получена: 15.07.2021

Принята в печать:

Для цитаты: Шмуклер А.Б., Мовина Л.Г., Папсуев О.О., Сальникова Л.И., Шашкова Н.Г., Кирьянова Е. Комплексные клинико-социальные исследования в Московском научно-исследовательском институте психиатрии: трансляция в клиническую практику // Consortium Psychiatricum. 2021. Том 2. № 3. С. 45–52. DOI: 10.17816/CP95

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Информация об авторах

Шмуклер Александр Борисович, доктор медицинских наук, заместитель директора по научной работе, Московский НИИ психиатрии – филиал, Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и наркологии им. В.П. Сербского Минздрава России (ФГБУ «НМИЦ ПН им. В.П. Сербского» Минздрава России), Москва, Россия, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7187-9361, e-mail: shmukler.a@serbsky.ru

Мовина Лариса Георгиевна, кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения клинико-социальных и биологических исследований расстройств психотического спектра, Московский научно-исследовательский институт психиатрии — филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ ПН им. В.П. Сербского» Минздрава России , Москва, Россия, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3018-6059, e-mail: movina_larisa@bk.ru

Папсуев Олег Олегович, кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения клинико-социальных и биологических исследований расстройств психотического спектра, Московский научно-исследовательский институт психиатрии — филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ ПН им. В.П. Сербского» Минздрава России , Москва, Россия, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3233-2432, e-mail: papsuev.o@kekelidze.ru

Сальникова Людмила Ивановна, старший научный сотрудник отделения клинико-социальных и биологических исследований расстройств психотического спектра, Московский научно-исследовательский институт психиатрии — филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ ПН им. В.П. Сербского» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2965-7156, e-mail: lsalnikova@gmail.com

Шашкова Нина Геннадьевна, кандидат медицинских наук, рук. отделения клинико-социальных и биологических исследований расстройств психотического спектра, Московский научно-исследовательский институт психиатрии — филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ ПН им. В.П. Сербского» Минздрава России , Москва, Россия, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8261-8020, e-mail: ngshashkova@gmail.com

Кирьянова Елена, Московский научно-исследовательский институт психиатрии — филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ ПН им. В.П. Сербского» Минздрава России, Москва, Россия, e-mail: shmukler.a@serbsky.ru

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