Consortium Psychiatricum
2023. Том 4. № 2. С. 79–90
doi:10.17816/CP6150
ISSN: 2712-7672 / 2713-2919 (online)
Фармакологические стратегии модуляции аппетита при расстройствах пищевого поведения: нарративный обзор литературы Обложка
Аннотация
ВВЕДЕНИЕ: На протяжении последних десятилетий наблюдается значительный рост частоты расстройств пищевого поведения. При лечении расстройств пищевого поведения приоритет обоснованно отдается психосоциальным интервенциям. Вместе с тем хорошо известно, что лекарственные препараты центрального действия способны оказывать существенное влияние на аппетит и потребление пищи.
ЦЕЛЬ: Проанализировать и обобщить имеющиеся нейробиологические данные о механизмах центральной регуляции пищевого поведения для обоснования фармакологических стратегий модуляции аппетита при расстройствах пищевого поведения.
МЕТОДЫ: Авторами выполнен нарративный обзор научной литературы, опубликованной за период с января ٢٠١٣ г. по март ٢٠٢٣ г. в электронных базах данных PubMed и Web of Science. Исследования считались приемлемыми, если они включали данные о нейробиологических механизмах регуляции аппетита, а также результаты клинических исследований препаратов центрального действия при расстройствах пищевого поведения. Релевантные исследования включались в обзор независимо от их дизайна. Для обобщения полученной информации использовался описательный анализ.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: В обзор включено ٥١ исследование. Анализ имеющихся нейробиологических и клинических данных позволил обосновать следующие фармакологические стратегии модуляции аппетита при расстройствах пищевого поведения: серотонинергическая, катехоламинергическая, аминокислотергическая и пептидергическая. Однако недостаточное количество клинических исследований с высоким уровнем доказательности затрудняет внедрение полученных данных в клиническую практику, что особенно актуально для подросткового возраста ввиду практически полного отсутствия рандомизированных контролируемых исследований в этой возрастной популяции.
ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ: Прогресс в нейробиологическом понимании механизмов центральной регуляции аппетита открывает перспективу разработки новых фармакотерапевтических подходов, направленных на изменение паттернов пищевого поведения. Лечение расстройств пищевого поведения, безусловно, представляет собой гораздо более широкую проблему, не сводимую исключительно к коррекции объема потребляемой пищи. Тем не менее на определенных этапах лечения фармакогенная модуляция аппетита может играть важную роль в ряду комплексных биологических и психосоциальных интервенций. Трансляция нейробиологических данных в клиническую практику требует проведения большого числа клинических исследований для подтверждения долгосрочной эффективности и безопасности фармакотерапевтических подходов и разработки персонализированных алгоритмов лечения различных вариантов расстройств пищевого поведения в разных возрастных популяциях.
Общая информация
Ключевые слова: нарушения пищевого поведения, анорексия, булимия, компульсивное переедание, избирательность аппетита, фармакотерапия, подростковый возраст
Рубрика издания: Обзоры
Тип материала: научная статья
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/CP6150
Получена: 13.04.2023
Принята в печать:
Для цитаты: Попов М.Ю., Лепик О.В., Козловский В.Л., Попов Ю.В. Фармакологические стратегии модуляции аппетита при расстройствах пищевого поведения: нарративный обзор литературы Обложка // Consortium Psychiatricum. 2023. Том 4. № 2. С. 79–90. DOI: 10.17816/CP6150
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