Inter- and intraindividual approaches to study functional and somatic reactionsof individuals

Paper is devoted to comparisons of inter- and intra-individual approaches to study functional and somatic reactions of individuals to subjective stress in the normative sample. Adult participants (N=79) appraised stress level, experienced somatic symptoms and filled the test of the differentiated assessment of a functional condition within four days in the evenings. In addition, illness frequency and quality of life were estimated. According to the results, appraisals of subjective stress levels, irritability, joints movements’ difficulties, headaches and symptoms that are rare in normative sample should not be averaged due to high variability. Application of the intra-individual approach in addition to the inter-individual one allows revealing cases of individual resistance and mobilization of a functional and somatic condition under the stress. Different patterns of the empirical relationships with illness frequency and quality of life are revealed depending on whether the average estimates of a stress and functioning, or individual sensitivity to a stress are measured.

1. Ababkov V.A., Perre M. Adaptatsiya k stressu. [Adaptation to stress]. Moscow: Publ. Rech’, 2004. 166 p. (In Russ.).
2. Beck J. Kognitivnaya terapiya. Polnoe rukovodstvo. [Cognitive therapy]. Moscow: Publ. Vil’yams, 2006. 400 p. (In Russ.).
3. Bodrov V.A. Informatsionnyi stress. [Informational stress]. Moscow: Publ. PerSe, 2000. 351 p. (In Russ.).
4. Brite D., Johns F. Stress: teorii, issledovaniya, mify. [Stress: theories, research, myths]. Sankt-Petersburg, Moscow: Publ. Praim-Evroznak, Olma-Press, 2003. 352 p. (In Russ.).
5. Doskin V.A., Lavrent’eva N.A., Miroshnikov M.P., Sharai V.B. Test differentsirovannoi samootsenki funktsional’nogo sostoyaniya [Test of differentiated self-appraisal of functional state]. Voprosy psikhologii. [Issues of Psychology], 1973, no. 6, pp.141–145 (In Russ.).
6. Kitaev-Smyk L.A. Organizm i stress: stress zhizni i stress smerti. [Organism and stress: stress of life and stress of death]. M.: Publ. Smysl, 2012. 464 p. (In Russ.).
7. Kovrov G.V., Vein A.M. Stress i son u cheloveka. [Stress and sleep in person]. M.: Publ. Neiro-media, 2004. 96 p. (In Russ.).
8. Rasskazova E.I. Metodika otsenki kachestva zhizni i udovletvorennosti: psikhometricheskie kharakteristiki russkoyazychnoi versii [Quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction questionnairie: psychometric characteristics of the Russian version]. Psikhologiya. Zhurnal Vysshei shkoly ekonomiki. [Psychology. Journal of Higher School of Economics], 2012, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 81–90 (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
9. Beck J. Cognitive therapy for challenging problems. New-York: the Guilford Press, 2005. 324 p.
10. Bonsall M.B., Geddes J.R., Goodwin J.M., Holmes E.A. Nonlinear time-series approaches in characterizing mood stability and mood instability in bipolar disorder. Proceedings. Biological Sciences, 2012, vol. 279, no. 1730, pp. 916–924. doi:10.1098/rspb.2011.1246
11. Brown R.J. Psychological mechanisms of medically unexplained symptoms: an integrative conceptual model. Psychological Bulletin, 2004, vol. 130, no. 5, pp. 793–812. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.130.5.793
12. Buse D., Manack A., Serrano D., Reed M., Varon S., Turkel C., Lipton R. Headache impact of chronic and episodic migraine: results from the American Migraine Prevalence and Prevention Study. Headache, 2012, no. 52, pp. 3–17. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2011.02046.x
13. Cathcart S., Weinfield A.H., Lushington K., Rolan P. Stress and tension-type headache mechanisms. Cephalalgia: An International Journal Of Headache, 2010, vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 1250–1267. doi:10.1177/0333102410362927
14. Hektner J.M., Schmidt J.A., Csikszentmihalyi M. (Eds.). Experience Sampling Method: Measuring the Quality of Everyday Life. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, Inc. 2006. 353 p.
15. Houle T.T., Penzien D.B., Rains J.C. Time-series features of headache: individual distributions, patterns and predictability of pain. Headache, 2005, no. 45, pp. 445–458. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2005.05096.x
16. Leventhal H., Brissette I., Leventhal E. The common-sense model of self-regulation of health and illness. In L.D. Cameron, H. Leventhal (Eds.), The self-regulation of health and illness behavior. New York: Routledge, 2003, pp. 42–65.
17. Ma-Kellams C., Blascovich J., McCall C. Culture and the body: East-West differences in visceral perception. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2012, vol. 102, no. 4, pp. 718–728. doi:10.1037/ a0027010
18. Moss-Morris R., Weinman J., Petrie K., Horne R., Cameron L., Buick D. The Illness-Revised Perception Questionnaire(IPQ-R).PsychologyandHealth,2002,vol.17,no.1,pp.1–16.doi:10.1080/08870440290001494
19. Moss-Morris R., Wrapson W. Representational beliefs about functional somatic syndroms. In L.D. Ca- meron, H. Leventhal (Eds.), The self-regulation of health and illness behavior. New York: Routledge, 2003, pp. 119–137.
20. Morin C.M. Insomnia: psychological assessment and management. N.Y.: Guilford Press, 1993. 238 p.
21. Rief W., Hiller W. A new approach to the assessment of the treatment effects of somatoform disorders. Psychosomatics, 2003, no. 44, pp. 492–498. doi:10.1176/appi.psy.44.6.492
22. Rief W., Hessel A., Braehler E. Somatization symptoms and hypochondriacal features in the general population. Psychosomatics Medicine, 2001, no. 63, pp. 595–602. doi:10.1097/00006842-200107000-00012
23. Ritsner M., Kurs R., Gibel A., Ratner Y., Endicott J. Validity of an abbreviated Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q-18) for schizophrenia, schizoaffective, and mood disorder patients. Quality of Life Research, 2005, no. 14, pp. 1693–1703. doi:10.1007/s11136-005-2816-9
24. Scar S., Sniehotta F. F., Araujo-Soares V., Molloy G.J. Prediction of behaviour versus prediction of behaviour change: The role of motivational moderators in the theory of planned behavior. Applied Psychology, 2008, vol. 57, no. 4, pp. 609–627. doi:10.1111/j.1464-0597.2008.00346.x
25. Sniehotta F. F. Towards a theory of intentional behavior change: plans, planning and self-regulation.
26. British Journal of Health Psychology, 2009, no. 14, pp. 261–273. doi:10.1348/135910708X389042
27. Ursin H. Sensitization, somatization and subjective health complaints. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 1997, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 105–116. doi:10.1207/s15327558ijbm0402_1