Perception of Individual Psychological Characteristics of a Person According to the Structural Features of his Face

1743

Abstract

In this article we analyze Szondi’s conception of basic human drives from the position of a systematic approachwiththe involvementofmodern experimental research. We undertake an attemptto find acorrelation between basic human drives (according to Szondi), certain characteristics of mental states (according to Kulikov) and facial proportions, represented on a photo. It is found that “sexual undifferentiation” (low activity) is connected with the symmetry of a face by the line of cheekbone, jaw (horizontally) and in the mouth area. Together with the increase of tension (e) horizontal asymmetry of the eyebrow line grows relative to the pupil line. An expressed tendency “hy-“, that Szondi interprets as blocked, transformed into a person’s own sufferings/aggression is connected with the growth of vertical asymmetry. “Paranoid-ness” is characterized quite vividly and significantly by facial asymmetry.

General Information

Keywords: activity, tension, symmetry, face proportions, drives

Journal rubric: Psychology of Personality

For citation: Khrisanfova L.A. Perception of Individual Psychological Characteristics of a Person According to the Structural Features of his Face. Eksperimental'naâ psihologiâ = Experimental Psychology (Russia), 2009. Vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 51–73. (In Russ., аbstr. in Engl.)

References

  1. Barabanschikov V.A., Malkova T.N. Zavisimost’ tochnosti identifikatsii ekspressii litsa ot lokalizatsii mimicheskih proyavlenij (Facial expression identification accuracy dependance on mimic actions localization) // Voprosy psihologii (Issues of Psychology). 1988. № 5. S. 131–140.
  2. Barabanschikov V. A., Malkova T. N. Zavisimost' tochnosti identifikacii ekspressii lica ot lokalizacii mimicheskih projavlenij (Dependence of facial expressions identification accuracy om mimic actions localization) // Voprosy psihologii. (Issues of Psychology) 1986. № 5. S.131–40
  3. Barabanschikov V. A., Nosulenko V. N. Sistemnost'. Vosprijatie. Obschenie. (Systems. Perception. Communication.) M.: IP RAN. 2004. 480 s.
  4. Barabanschikov V.A., Hrisanfova L.A. Doverie k cheloveku pri pervichnom vospriyatii ego litsa (Trust to a person while first perception of his face) // Metody issledovaniya psihologicheskih struktur i ih dinamiki. Vyp. 4 (Research methods of psychological structures and their dynamics) / Pod red. T. N. Savchenko, G. M. Golovinoi. M.: Izd-vo «Institut psihologii RAN», 2007. 192 s.
  5. Boldyrev A.O. Vospriyatie vyrazheniya tselogo i chastichno zakrytogo litsa. Dis. ... kand. psihol. nauk. (Perception of whole and partially covered face. PhD thesis) M.: IP RAN, 2006.
  6. Butovskaya M.L. Yazyk tela: priroda i kul’tura (evolyutsionnie i cross-kul’turnie osnovy neverbal’noi kommunikatsii cheloveka). (Body language: culture and nature. Evolutional and cross-cultural bases of human nonverbal communication) M.: Nauchnyi mir, 2004. 440 s.
  7. Gur’eva V.A., Gindikin V.Ya. Rannee raspoznavanie shizofrenii. (Early detection of schizophrenia) M.:«Vyshaya shkola psihologii», 2002. 304s.
  8. Dyurvil’ G., Dyurvil’ A. Chtenie po litsu haraktera, temperamenta i boleznennyh predraspolozhenij (Reading on face character, temperament and illnesses predisposition) // Fiziognomika. M.: 1993. S. 141–220.
  9. Izard K. Psihologiya emocii. (Psychology of emotions) SPb.: Piter, 2000.
  10. Il’in E.P. Emocii i chuvstva. (Emotions and feelings) SPb: Piter, 2001.
  11. Kulikov L.V. Psihologiya nastroeniya. (Psychology of mood) SPb.: Izd-vo S.-Peterburgskogo gos. un-ta, 1997. 226s.
  12. Levi-Stross K. Strukturnaya antropologiya. (Structural anthropology) M.: Eksmo-press, 2001. 511s.
  13. Lichko A.E. Tipy akcentuatsij haraktera i psihopatij u podrostkov. (Character accentuation  and psychopathy types in adolescents) M.: OOO APREL’ PRESS, ZAO Izd-vo EKSMO-Press, 1999. 416 s.
  14. Nebylitsyn V.D. Psihofiziologicheskie issledovaniya individual’nyh razlichij. (Psychophysiological research of individual differences) M.: «Nauka», 1976.
  15. Nebylitsyn V.D. Izbrannie psihologicheskie trudy (Selected works in Psychology) / Pod red. B. F. Lomova. M.: Pedagogika, 1990. 408 s.
  16. Nikitina. E.A. Mehanizmy vospriyatiya litsa (Facial perception mechanisms) // Issledovaniya po kognitivnoi psihologii (Research in cognitive psychology) / Pod red. E. A. Sergienko. M.: Izd-vo «Institut psihologii RAN», 2004. S. 81–93.
  17. Pankratov V.N. Psihotehnologiya upravleniya lyud’mi. (Psychological technology of management) M.:Izd-vo «Institut Psihoterapii», 2001. 324 s.
  18. Psihologicheskaya nauka v Rossii XX stoletiya: problemy teorii i istorii (Psychological science in Russia in XX century. Issues of theory and history) / Pod red. A. V. Brushlinskogo. M.: Izd-vo «Institut psihologii RAN», 1997. 576 s.
  19. Skripkina T.P. Psihologiya doveriya: Ucheb. posobie dlya stud. vyssh. ped. Ucheb. Zavedenij. (Psychology of trust. Study guide for students of pedagogical institutes) M.: «Akademiya», 2000. 264s.
  20. Sobchik L.N. Psihologiya individual’nosti. Teoriya i praktika psihodiagnostiki. (Psychology of individuality. Theory and practice of psychodignostics) SPb., «Rech’», 2003. 624 s.
  21. Sobchik L.N. Metod portretnyh vyborov – adaptirovannyi test Sondi. Prakticheskoe rukovodstvo. (Method of portrayal choises - adaptation of Szondi test. Practical guide) SPb.: «Rech’», 2007. 123 s.
  22. Spravochnik po psihiatrii (Psychyatry handbook) / Pod red. A. V. Snezhnevskogo. 2-e izd., pererab. i dop. M.: «Meditsina», 1985. 416 s.
  23. Shehter. M.S. Zritel’noe opoznanie. Zakonomernosti i mehanizmy. (Visual detection. Laws and mechanisms) M.: Pedagogika, 1981. 253 s.
  24. Chivardi D. Prakticheskaya entsiklopediya hudozhnika. Litso i golova cheloveka. Anatomiya, morfologiya, mimika. Posobie dlya hudozhnikov (Practical encyclopedia for artists. Human face and head. Anathomy, morphology, mimics. Handbook for artists) / Per. G. Semenovoi. M.: Izd-vo Eksmo, 2005. 240 s.
  25. C. Bruce, R. Desimone, C. G. Gross . Visual properties of neurons in a polysensory area of the superior temporal sulcus of the macaque // Journal of Neurophysiology. 1981. V. 46. P. 369–384.
  26. Bruce V., Young A. In the eye of beholder. The science of face perception. N.Y.: Oxford University Press, 2000.
  27. Cook S. W. The judgment of intelligence from photographs // Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology. 1939. V. 34.
  28. Ekman P., Friesen W. Unmasking the face. N.Y.: Prentice-Hall, 1975.
  29. Frijda N. H. & Tcherkassof A. Facial expressions as modes of action readiness / J. A. Russell & J. M. Fernandez-Dols (Eds). The psychology of facial expression. Cambridge: UK. Cambridge Univerity Press, 1997. P. 57–77.
  30. Fridlund Alan. Human Facial Expression. An Evolutionary View. San Diego: Academic Press,1994.
  31. Kendon A. Conducting Interaction: Patterns of Behavior in Focused Encounters. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.
  32. Langlois J. H., Roggman L. A., Casey R. J., Ritter J. M., Rieser-Danner L.A., Jenkins V. Y. Infant preferences for attractive faces: rudiments of a stereotype // Developmental Psychology. 1987. № 23. Р. 363–369.
  33. Perrett D. L., May R. A., Yoshikawa S., Facial shape and judgments of female attractiveness // Nature. 1994. V. 394. P. 884–887.
  34. The psychology of facial expression / J. A. Russel, J. M. Fernandez-Dols (Eds.). Cambridge University Press, 2002.
  35. Saber E., Tekalp A. M. Face Detection and Facial Feature Extraction Using Color, Shape and Symmetry-Based Cost Functions // 13th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR’96) / Vol. 3. 1996. P. 654.
  36. Shepherd J. The face and social attribution / A. Young (Ed.). Handbook of research on face processing. Amsterdam: North Holland, 1989.
  37. Tanaka J. W., Farah M. The holistic representation of face // Perception of Face, Objects and scenes /M. A. Peterson, G. Rhodes (Eds.). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.
  38. Thornhill R., Gandestad S. W. The scent of symmetry: a human sex pheromone that signals fitness // Evolution and Human bthavior. 1999. Vol. 20. P. 175—2001.

Information About the Authors

Lyudmila A. Khrisanfova, PhD in Psychology, Associate Professor, Chair of General Psychology, Moscow Institute of Psychoanalysis, Associate Employee of the Laboratory of Cognitive and Mathematical Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6697-7939, e-mail: l.hri@mail.ru

Metrics

Views

Total: 6778
Previous month: 42
Current month: 0

Downloads

Total: 1743
Previous month: 9
Current month: 0