Cross-cultural features of eye movements in perception of persons of different races

805

Abstract

We studied eye movements of Russians and Tuvans during free viewing and during assessment of individual psychological qualities by facial expressions in representatives of own and other races. Using the “Personal Differential” method, we found differences in the estimates of the representatives of Caucasoid, Mongoloid and Negroid races. We also registered differences in some characteristics of oculomotor activity of the Russian and Tuvan participants, namely, in the gaze direction and the number of fixations on the parts of face during face recognition and its racial attribution. The study was supported by the Russian President’s grant, project № MK-7445.2015.6.

General Information

Keywords: other-race effect, eye movement, free viewing, interpersonal assessment

Journal rubric: Psychology of Perception

Article type: scientific article

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/exppsy.2016090402

For citation: Ananyeva K.I., Basiul I.A., Demidov A.A. Cross-cultural features of eye movements in perception of persons of different races. Eksperimental'naâ psihologiâ = Experimental Psychology (Russia), 2016. Vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 5–17. DOI: 10.17759/exppsy.2016090402. (In Russ., аbstr. in Engl.)

References

  1. Barabanschikov  V.A.  Dinamika   vospriyatiya   vyirazheniy   litsa   [Dynamics   of   perception   of   facial expressions]. Moscow: Kogito-Tsentr Publ., 2016.
  2. Hsiao J. & Cottrell G. The influence of number of eye fixations on face recognition. Journal of vision, 2007, vol. 7, no. 9, article 494. doi:10/1167/7.9.494
  3. Kelly D.J., Miellet S., Caldara R. Culture shapes eye movements for visually homogeneous objects. Frontiers in Psychology, 2010, no. 1, article 6. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00006
  4. Klama E., Milton F. Differences in eye movements between same and other race face recognition. In Proceedings of the 34th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, Sapporo, Japan, August 1–4, 2012, pp. 1804–1809.
  5. Kuhn G., Tatler D.W. Magic and fixation: now you don’t see it, now you do. Perception, 2005, vol. 34, pp.  1155–1161.
  6. Langdell T. Recognition of faces: An approach to the study of autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 1978, vol. 19, pp. 255–268.
  7. Malcolm G.L., Lanyon L.J., Fugard A.J.B., Barton J.J.S. Scan patterns during the processing of facial expression versus identity: An exploration of task-driven and stimulus-driven effects. Journal of vision, 2010, vol. 8, no, 2, pp. 1–9. doi: 10.1167/8.8.2
  8. Meissner C.A., Brigham J.C. Thirty Years of Investigating the Own-Race Bias in Memory for Faces. Psychology, Public Policy and Law, 2001, vol. 7, pp. 3–35. doi: 10.1037//1076-8971.7.1.3
  9. Michel C., Rossion B., Han J., Chung C-S., Caldara, R. Holistic processing Is finely tuned for faces of one’s own race. Psychological Science, 2006, vol. 17, pp. 608–615. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01752.x
  10. Posner M.I. Orienting of attention. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1980, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 3–25. doi: 10.1080/00335558008248231
  11. Rozhkova G.I., Ogninov V.V. Face recognition and eye movements: landing on the nose is not always necessary. Perception, 2009, vol. 38, ECVP Abstract Supplement, p. 77.
  12. Demidov A.A., Ananeva K.I. Mikrodinamika mezhrasovogo vospriyatiya [Microdrivers interracial perception]. In V.A. Barabanschikov (ed.), Sovremennaya eksperimentalnaya psihologiya [Modern experimental psychology]. Moscow: Institut psihologii RAN Publ.; MSUPE Publ., 2011.
  13. Scheck B., Neufeld P., Dwyer J. Actual innocence. New York: Random House. 2000. doi: 10.1111/1467- 8721.00189
  14. Demidov A.A. Otsenka individualno-psihologicheskih osobennostey cheloveka po vyirazheniyu ego litsa v razlichnyih situatsiyah vospriyatiya. Diss. ... kand. psihol. nauk [Evaluation of individual psychological characteristics of man in his expression in various situations of perception. PhD. (Psychology) thesis]. Moscow: IP RAN Publ., 2009.
  15. Blais C., Jack R.E., Scheepers C., Fiset D., Caldara R. Culture Shapes How We Look at Faces. PLoS ONE, 2008, vol. 3, no. 8, article e3022. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003022.
  16. Findlay J.M., Gilchrist I.D. Active Vision: The psychology of looking and seeing. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003. doi: 10.1002/acp.1019
  17. Fisher G.H., Cox R. Recognizing human faces. Applied Ergonomics, 1975, vol. 6, pp. 104–109.
  18. Goldinger S.D., He Y., Papesh M.H. Deficits in cross-race face learning: Insights from eye movements and pupillometry. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2009, vol. 35, pp. 1105–1122. doi: 10.1037/a0016548
  19. Gosselin F., Schyns P.G. Bubbles: a technique to reveal the use of information in recognition tasks. Vision Research, 2001, vol. 41, no. 17, pp. 2261–2271. doi: 10.1016/S0042-6989(01)00097-9
  20. Henderson J.M., Williams C.C., Falk R.J. Eye movements are functional during face learning. Memory and Cognition, 2005, vol. 33, pp. 98–106.

Information About the Authors

Kristina I. Ananyeva, PhD in Psychology, Associate Professor, Research Fellow, Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Associate Professor, Moscow Institute of Psychoanalysis (Moscow Institute of Psychoanalysis), Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1666-3269, e-mail: ananyevaki@ipran.ru

Ivan A. Basiul, Junior Researcher. Laboratory of Cognitive Processes and Mathematical Psychology, Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lecturer of the Department of General Psychology, Moscow Institute of Psychoanalysis, Research laboratory assistant, Institute of Experimental Psychology of MSPPU, Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3153-2096, e-mail: basul@inbox.ru

Alexander A. Demidov, PhD in Psychology, Associate Professor, Department of General Psychology, Moscow Institute of Psychoanalysis, Senior Researcher at the Institute of Experimental Psychology, MSUPE, Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6660-5761, e-mail: demidov@inpsycho.ru

Metrics

Views

Total: 2121
Previous month: 8
Current month: 7

Downloads

Total: 805
Previous month: 4
Current month: 5