Models and methods for the study of information processing in the processes of naming the subject and relating the name to the subject

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Abstract

Psychological structure and brain organization of information processing processes “on the way” from an object to a word denoting it and back — from a word to an object denoted by it, at first glance, should coincide in the composition of their components and differ only in the sequence of their activation. However, clinical evidence is contrary to this assumption. Thus, the phenomenon of “anomie,” that is, the difficulty of naming a visually presented object, can be combined with the absence of difficulty in choosing the desired object by its name. Studies of the causes of such dissociation are based on the use of neurocognitive and psycholinguistic models of speech activity, within which different schemes for organizing information processing processes are proposed. The article is devoted to a brief analysis of the basic provisions of these models and a review of modern neuropsychological, psycho-and neuro-linguistic methods of their experimental verification.

General Information

Keywords: neuropsychology, psychophysiology, neurophysiology, EEG, central nervous system, speech function, aphasia, nomination, denotation

Journal rubric: Clinical Psychology

Article type: scientific article

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/exppsy.2019120112

Funding. The study was supported by The Russian Foundation for Basic Research according to the research project № 18-013-00655.

For citation: Mikadze Y.V., Chernorizov A.M., Skvortsov A.A., Pilecheva A.V., Troshina E.M., Isaichev S.A. Models and methods for the study of information processing in the processes of naming the subject and relating the name to the subject. Eksperimental'naâ psihologiâ = Experimental Psychology (Russia), 2019. Vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 153–166. DOI: 10.17759/exppsy.2019120112. (In Russ., аbstr. in Engl.)

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Information About the Authors

Yuri V. Mikadze, Doctor of Psychology, Professor, Professor, Chair of Neuro- and Pathopsychology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leading Research Associate, Federal State Budgetary Institution «Federal center of brain and neurotechnologies»; Professor, Chair of Clinical Psychology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8137-9611, e-mail: ymikadze@yandex.ru

Aleksandr M. Chernorizov, Doctor of Psychology, Head of the Department of Psychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: amchern53@mail.ru

Anatoliy A. Skvortsov, PhD in Psychology, Associate Professor, Faculty of Social Sciences, School of Psychology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0471-4217, e-mail: skwortsow@mail.ru

Adita V. Pilecheva, Specialist of the Department of Physical Education and Sport, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: adita2010@yandex.ru

Elena M. Troshina, PhD in Biology, Head of the Laboratory of Clinical Neurophysiology, Autonomous Institution «N.N. Burdenko National Scientific and Practical Center for Neurosurgery» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation Named After the Academician Nikolay Nilovich Burdenko, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: etroshina@nsi.ru

Sergey A. Isaichev, PhD in Psychology, Associate Professor at the Department of Psychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: isaychev@mail.ru

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