Current trends in researching the study of between body dissatisfaction and eating disorders: narrative review

Context and relevance. body dissatisfaction is considered one of the core risk factors for the development of eating disorders (EDs). The prevalence of body dissatisfaction, as well as subclinical and clinical forms of EDs, remains high and shows an upwardtrend, particularly among adolescents. Contemporary studies employ network and multidimensional statistical analysis to identify the central symptoms of ED psychopathology and the complex interactions among numerous variables, thereby expanding opportunities for prevention and early intervention. Objective. To demonstrate current trends in research on the relationship between a negative body image and ED development within a broad context of risk and protective factors. Methods and materials. A narrative theoretical review of predominantly foreign studies published between 2011 and 2025. Results. Network analysis indicates that body perception issues (overvaluation of weight and shape, body dissatisfaction, fear of weight gain, and drive for thinness) occupy a central position in ED psychopathology across both clinical and non-clinical samples. Moderation and mediation models demonstrate that the relationship between negative body image and ED risk is shaped by the influence of multiple variables. Risk factors that amplify this link include anxiety, depressive symptoms, low self-esteem, perfectionism, expressive suppression, body image cognitive fusion, internalization of thin ideals, and active social media use. Protective factors that attenuate this link include dispositional mindfulness, body image flexibility, self-compassion, cognitive reappraisal, and intuitive eating. Conclusions. The relationship between negative body image and EDs is multifactorial and involves a complex system of interactions between risk and protective factors. Prevention programs for adolescents should incorporate cognitive-behavioral strategies, emotional and media literacy training, as well as interventions targeting protective factors such as mindfulness, body image flexibility, and self-compassion.

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