Psychology of high risk driving (review of foreign studies)

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Abstract

The article presents a brief review of foreign theoretical concepts, empirical data and methodological approaches to the problem of high risk driving. There were defined and described the factors of dangerous driving: factors of external environment and internal factors, including age, fatigue, use of medications, alcohol and drugs, personal styles, impaired sensory analyzers, neurological and cognitive disorders, emotional states, styles of responding to stress. Emphasizes the role of reduction of cognitive functioning, acquired brain injury, persistent or progressive neurological diseases, and acquired somatic disorders. The outline of its main models of driving: motivational, models of information processing, hierarchical management model. A separate section of the article focuses on cognitive factors, describes a wide spectrum of disorders of cognitive functions that may potentially impair driving safety. The theoretical and methodological grounds and empirical studies of cognitive functioning are described. Discuss prospects and limitations in studies of cognitive functioning, the predictive value of some tests, including neuropsychological. The conclusion made about the need for standardization and validation the Protocol of assessment drivers and candidates for drivers, also the necessity of the introduction of a common approach for all medical workers and specialists of nonmedical profile, in order to overcome the existing differences in estimates in the implementation of medical examination, expert activity and enforcement.

General Information

Keywords: dangerous driving, cognitive functioning, neuropsychological study.

Journal rubric: Forensic and Clinical Psychology in Legal Context

Article type: scientific article

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2016060206

For citation: Bulygina V.G., Dubinsky A.A., Shport S., Kalinkin D. Psychology of high risk driving (review of foreign studies) [Elektronnyi resurs]. Psikhologiya i pravo = Psychology and Law, 2016. Vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 72–92. DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2016060206. (In Russ., аbstr. in Engl.)

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Information About the Authors

Vera G. Bulygina, Doctor of Psychology, Professor, Head of Laboratory of Psychohygiene and Psychoprophylaxis, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Professor, Department of Clinical and Forensic Psychology, Faculty of Legal Psychology, Moscow State University of Psychology & Education, Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5584-1251, e-mail: ver210@yandex.ru

Alexander A. Dubinsky, PhD in Psychology, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Psychohygiene and Psychoprophylaxis, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6091-3299, e-mail: aleksandr-dubinskij@yandex.ru

Svetlana Shport, PhD in Medicine, scientific secretary, Federal State Budgetary Institution "V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology" of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: svshport@mail.ru

Dmitry Kalinkin, clinical psychologist, Psychiatric hospital №15, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: ministrant.dk@gmail.com

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