Levels of Processing and Zinchenko's Approach to Memory Research

In this article we outline some of the main ideas and observations embodied in the levels of processing approach to memory research (Craik & Lockhart, 1972; Craik & Tulving, 1975) and compare these concepts and findings with those previously reported by P.I. Zinchenko. There are clearly many similarities between the two sets of ideas, as pointed out by Meshcheryakov (2008). We acknowledge these similarities while also pointing out differences between the two approaches. The field of memory studies would benefit from a closer integration between the ideas stemming from activity theory and those in the Western tradition.

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