On the Problems of Speech Development and Teaching Reading in Daniil Elkonin's Works

The paper focuses on Daniil Elkonin's views on the processes, conditions and factors of speech development in children. Elkonin had broad knowledge of language and speech studies in psychology, pedagogy and lin- guistics; his analytical reviews on the problems of speech ontogenesis are thorough, interesting and still of great importance. These problems had been studied quite extensively, but Elkonin was somehow capable of captur- ing the most essential and fundamental facts in the works of his contemporary researchers and their predeces- sors, the facts that do not become out-of-date over time. Many of them were interpreted in a different way in his own works, making visible the controversial character of the problems in the study of which these facts had been revealed. By the way, Elkonin used to argue quite passionately over various issues with his colleagues, many of whom were his closest friends. His true interest in the problem of speech development naturally led him to explore the practical question of how we can teach a child to read — a difficult challenge he himself had to face while working as a primary school teacher. Thus emerged a new task: to analyze the mechanisms under- lying the ability to read. Basing upon these explorations, Elkonin created his own system of developing actions required for initial reading.

1. Bozhovich E.D. Uchiteliu o iazykovoi kompetentsii shkol'nikov [Teacher of language competence schoolchildren] Moscow-Voronezh: MPSI, NPO "MODEK", 2002. 288 p.
2. Bozhovich E.D. Obraztsy v obuchenii: ikh dostoinstva i nedostatki [Samples in training : their advantages and disadvan- tages]. Moscow: Kanon + ROOI "Reabilitatsiia", 2008 a. 256 p.
3. Bozhovich L.I. Znachenie osoznaniia iazykovykh obob- shchenii v obuchenii pravopisaniiu [Awareness of the value of linguistic generalizations in learning spelling]. Izvestiia APN RSFSR [Tidings APN RSFSR]. 1946. Vyp. 3. Р. 27—60.
4. Vozrastnye vozmozhnosti usvoeniia znanii: mladshie shkol'niki [Age of learning opportunities: younger students] /pod red. D.B. El'konina, V.V. Davydova. Moscow: Prosve- shchenie, 1966. 442 p.
5. Voprosy psikhologii uchebnoi deiatel'nosti mladshikh shkol'nikov [Questions psychology of learning activity of younger schoolboys] / pod red. D.B. El'konina, V.V. Davydo- va. Moscow: publ. APN RSFSR, 1962. 286 p.
6. Vygotskii L.S. Voprosy detskoi (vozrastnoi) psikhologii [Issues of child ( age ) psychology] L.S. Vygotskii. Sobr. soch.: V 6 t. T. 4 Moscow: Pedagogika, 1984. P. 243—385.
7. Gokhlerner M.M., Eiger G.V. Psikhologicheskii mekha- nizm chuvstva iazyka [Psychological mechanism of language sense]. Voprosy psikhologii [Questions of psychology]. 1983.№ 4. P. 137—142.
8. Bozhovich E.D. On the Problems of Speech Development and Teaching Reading in Daniil Elkonin's Works. Кul'turno- istoricheskaia psikhologiia [Cultural-historical psychology], 2014. no. 1. P. 26—33.
9. Dodonov B.I. Protsess kategorial'nogo uznavaniia gram- maticheskogo materiala [Process categorical recognition grammar material]. Voprosy psikhologii [Questions of psy- chology]. 1959. № 2. P. 157—168.
10. Zhuikov S.F. Psikhologicheskie osnovy povysheniia effektivnosti obucheniia mladshikh shkol'nikov russkomu iazyku [Psychological basis for improving the effectiveness of teaching younger students Russian language]. Moscow: Pedagogika, 1979. 184 p.
11. Zen'kovskii V.V. Psikhologiia detstva [Psychology of Childhood].Moscow: Akademiia, 1996. 346 p.
12. Imedadze N.V. Bessoznatel'nye strategii ovladeniia iazykom [Unconscious strategies of language acquisition]. Bessoznatel'noe: Priroda, funktsii i metody issledovaniia: V 3 t. / pod obshch. red. A.S. Prangishvili, A.E. Sheroziia, F.V. Bassina. Tbilisi: Metsniereba, 1978. T. 3. P. 220—228.
13. Kol'tsova M.M. Rebenok uchitsia govorit' [The child learns to speak]. Moscow: Sov. Rossiia, 1973. 159 p.
14. Lisina M.I. Problemy ontogeneza obshcheniia [Onto-geny of communication problems]. Moscow: Pedagogika, 1986. 144 p.
15. Menchinskaia N.A. Psikhicheskoe razvitie rebenka ot rozhdeniia do 10 let: Dnevnik razvitiia docheri [Mental devel- opment of children from birth to 10 years: Diary Develop- ment daughter]. Moscow: MPSI, 1996. 184 p.
16. Orlova A.M. K voprosu ob ob"ektivnoi obuslovlennosti tak nazyvaemogo "chut'ia iazyka" [On the objective condi- tionality so-called " sense of language "]. Voprosy psikhologii [Questions of psychology]. 1955. № 5. P. 71—83.
17. Reformatskii A.A. Dikhotomicheskaia klassifikatsiia differentsial'nykh priznakov i fonologicheskaia model' iazyka [Dichotomous classification of the distinctive features and phonological language model]. Voprosy teorii i istorii iazyka v zarubezhnoi lingvistike. Moscow: Nauka, 1961. P. 108—122.
18. Slobin D. Psikholingvistika [Psycholinguistics]. D. Slo- bin, Dzh. Grin Psikholingvistika. Perev. E.I. Negnevitskoi / pod obshch. red. A.A. Leont'eva. Moscow: Progress, 1976. P. 17—215.
19. Ushakova T.N. Prirodnye osnovaniia recheiazykovoi sposobnosti: Analiz rannego rechevogo razvitiia[Natural grounds recheyazykovoy abilities: Analysis of early speech development]. Iazykovoe soznanie: formirovanie i funkt- sionirovanie / otv. red. N.V. Ufimtseva. Moscow: publ. in-ta iazykoznaniia, 1998. P. 22.
20. Ushakova T.N. Detskaia rech': ee istoki i pervye shagi v razvitii [Baby talk : its origins and the first steps in the devel- opment]. Psikhologicheskii zhurnal [Psychological Journal]. 1999. T. 20. № 5. P. 59—69; T. 4. № 6. P. 30—38.
21. Ushakova T.N. Semantika rannikh golosovykh ekspres- sii mladentsa [Semantics early vocal expressions of baby]. Detskaia rech': psikholingvisticheskie issledovaniia / Otv. red. T.N. Ushakova, N.V. Ufimtseva. Moscow: PER SE, 2001. P. 22—37.
22. Tseitlin S.N. Iazyk i rebenok: Lingvistika detskoi rechi [Language and the child : the child's speech Linguistics]. Moscow: Vlados, 2000. 239 p.
23. El'konin D.B. Pervaia kniga po russkomu iazyku dlia narodov Krainego Severa [The first book in the Russian lan- guage for the peoples of the Far North]. Leningrad, 1946.
24. El'konin D.B. Metodicheskie ukazaniia k pervoi knige po russkomu iazyku dlia shkol narodov Krainego Severa [Methodical instructions to the first book in the Russian lan- guage for schools of the Far North]. — Leningrad, 1946.
25. El'konin D.B. Nekotorye voprosy psikhologii usvoeniia gramoty [Some questions of psychology of learning grammar]. Voprosy psikhologii [Questions of psychology]. 1956. № 5. P. 38—53.
26. El'konin D.B. Formirovanie umstvennogo deistviia zvukovogo analiza slov u detei doshkol'nogo vozrasta [Formation of mental action of sound analysis of words in pre- school children]. Doklady APN RSFSR [Reports of the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of the RSFSR]. 1957. № 1. P. 107—110.
27. El'konin D.B. Razvitie rechi v doshkol'nom vozraste: Kratkii ocherk [Language development in the preschool years: A brief sketch ]. Moscow: publ. APN RSFSR, 1958. 115 p.
28. El'konin D.B. Formirovanie umstvennogo deistviia slovoizmeneniia i ego znachenie dlia obucheniia gramote [Formation of mental action inflection and its implications for literacy]. Doklady APN RSFSR [Reports of the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of the RSFSR]. 1959. № 3. P. 39—43.
29. El'konin D.B. Formirovanie deistviia slogovogo chteni- ia [Formation action syllabic reading]. Doklady APN RSFSR [Reports of the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of the RSFSR]. 1959. № 4. P. 31—36.
30. El'konin D.B. Detskaia psikhologiia. Razvitie rebenka ot rozhdeniia do semi let [Child Psychology . Child develop- ment from birth to seven years]. Moscow: Uchpedgiz, 1960. 328 p.
31. El'konin D.B. Nekotorye itogi izucheniia psikhichesko- go razvitiia detei doshkol'nogo vozrasta [Some results of the study of the mental development of preschool children]. Psikhologicheskaia nauka v SSSR. T. 2. — Moscow: publ. APN RSFSR, 1960. P. 228—285.
32. El'konin D.B. Bukvar' (eksperimental'nyi) [Primer (experimental)]. Moscow: publ. APN RSFSR, 1961. 55 p.
33. El'konin D.B. Eksperimental'nyi analiz nachal'nogo obucheniia chteniiu [Experimental analysis of the initial tea- ching of reading]. Voprosy psikhologii uchebnoi deiatel'nosti mladshikh shkol'nikov / pod red. D.B. El'konina i V.V. Da- vydova. Moscow, 1962. P. 7—49.
34. El'konin D.B. Bukvar' (eksperimental'nyi). Ch. I [Pri- mer (experimental). Part. I]. Moscow, 1969.
35. El'konin D.B. Bukvar' (eksperimental'nyi). Ch.2. [Pri- mer (experimental). Part. II]. Moscow, 1972.
36. El'konin D.B. Eshche o psikhologicheskikh osnovakh pervonachal'nogo obucheniia chteniiu [More about the psy- chological basis of the initial teaching of reading]. Sovetskaia pedagogika [Soviet pedagogy]. 1973. № 1. P. 14—23.
37. El'konin D.B. Ob eksperimental'nom bukvare [On the experimental primer]. Nachal'naia shkola. 1973. № 4.
38. El'konin D.B. Psikhologiia obucheniia mladshego shkol'nika [Psychology of teaching younger schoolboy]. Moscow: Znanie, 1974. 63 p.
39. El'konin D.B. Kak uchit' detei chitat' [How to teach children to read]. Moscow: Znanie, 1976. 64 p.
40. El'konin D.B. Psikhologiia igry [Psychology of the Game]. Moscow: Pedagogika, 1978. 304 p.
41. El'konin D.B. Izbrannye psikhologicheskie trudy [Selected Psychological Works]. Moscow:Pedagogika, 1989. P. 363—404.
42. El'konin D.B. Razvitie ustnoi i pis'mennoi rechi ucha- shchikhsia [Development of speech and writing students]. Moscow: Intor, 1998.
43. Kainz F. Psychologies der Sprache. 4. Bd.: Spezielle Sprach-psychologie. Stuttgart, 1967. P. 297—344.
44. Piaget J. Comments on Vygotsky's critical remarks con- cerning // "The Language and Thought of the Child" and "Judgment and Reasoning of the Child". Cambridge, 1962. P. 14.
45. Rheingold H.L., Lewitz G.L., Ross H.W. Local condition- ing of vocalization in the infant // G. Comp. Psychol. Physiol. 1959. V. 52. P. 68—73.
46. White B.L. The first three years of life. N.Y., 1975. 285 p.