Dialectical Thinking: Logics and Psychology

2383

Abstract

The article is devoted to the relation of logic and psychology of dialectical thinking. It provides three lines of understanding of dialectical thinking: dialectical thinking as a form of developing content, based on the resolution of oppositions; dialectical thinking as postformal stage of intelligence; dialectical thinking as a form of operating relationships of the opposites. Each approach has its own applications to the organization of educational practice. The first approach is presented by the works of E.V. Il'enkov, B.M. Kedrov, P.V. Kopnin and other authors. On a meaningful understanding of dialectics V.V. Davydov developed his methodology of developmental learning. The second approach in the study of dialectical thinking was largely shaped by J.Piaget’s operational concept of the intellect. K. Riegel argued that the development of thinking cannot stop at the stage of formal operations. Later on, the subject develops a more complex form of cognition — dialectical thinking. Representatives of the postformal understanding of dialectical thinking apply it in trainings for the development of professional thinking in adult subjects as well as in psychotherapy. In Russian psychology it has been shown that dialectical thinking acts as the individual’s independent ability to operate with opposites that can be developed starting from preschool age.

General Information

Keywords: dialectic, formal logic, dialectical logic, dialectical thinking, contradictions

Journal rubric: Theory and Methodology

Article type: scientific article

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/chp.2019150301

Funding. The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project 19-18-00521.

For citation: Veraksa N.E. Dialectical Thinking: Logics and Psychology. Kul'turno-istoricheskaya psikhologiya = Cultural-Historical Psychology, 2019. Vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 4–12. DOI: 10.17759/chp.2019150301. (In Russ., аbstr. in Engl.)

References

  1. Andreev I.D. Dialekticheskaya logika [Dialectical logic]. Moscow: Vysshaya shkola, 1985. 367 p.
  2. Veraksa N.E. Model’ pozitsionnogo obucheniya studentov [Model of positional learning of students]. Voprosy psikhologii [Questions of psychology], 1994, no. 3, pp. 122—129.
  3. Veraksa N.E. Dialekticheskoe myshlenie [Dialectical thinking]. Ufa: Publ. Vagant, 2006. 212 p.
  4. Veraksa N.E. Dialekticheskoe myshlenie i tvorchestvo [Dialectical thinking and creativity]. Voprosy psikhologii [Questions of psychology], 1990, no. 4, pp. 5—14.
  5. Veraksa N.E. Osobennosti preobrazovaniya protivorechivykh problemnykh situatsii doshkol’nikami [Peculiarities of transformation of contradictional situations by preschoolers]. Voprosy psikhologii [Questions of psychology], 1981, no. 3, pp. 123—127.
  6. Veraksa N.E. Razvitie predposylok dialekticheskogo myshleniya v doshkol’nom vozraste doshkol’nikami [Development of prerequisites of dialectical thinking in preschool age]. Voprosy psikhologii [Questions of psychology], 1987, no. 4, pp. 135—139.
  7. Veraksa N.E., Galimov O.R. Poznavatel’no— issledovatel’skaya deyatel’nost’ doshkol’nikov (4—7 let) [Cognitive and research activity of preschoolers (4—7 age)]. Moscow: Publ. Mozaika-Sintez, 2012. 80 p.
  8. Veraksa N.E., Zadadaev S.A. Dialekticheskoe myshlenie i W-mera razvitiya dvumernoi dialekticheskoi struktury [Dialectical thinking and W-measure of two-dimensional dialectical structure]. Vestnik RSUH «Psikhologicheskie nauki» [Bullutene of RUSH «Psychological science»], 2012, no. 15, pp. 57—86.
  9. Davydov V.V. Vidy obobshchenii v obuchenii [Kinds of generalizations in education]. Moscow: Publ. Pedagogika, 1972. 424 p.
  10. Davydov V.V. Problemy razvivayushchego obucheniya: Opyt teoreticheskogo i eksperimental’nogo psikhologicheskogo issledovaniya [Problems of developmental education: Experience of theoretical and experimental psychological research]. Moscow: Publ. Pedagogika, 1986. 240 p.
  11. Dialekticheskoe obuchenie [Dialectical thinking]. In compl. I.B.Shiyan. Moscow: Evrika, 2005. 174 p.
  12. Il’enkov E.V. Dialekticheskaya logika [Dialectical logic]. Moscow: Politizdat, 1974. 320 p.
  13. Il’enkov E.V. Dialekticheskoe protivorechie [Dialectical contradiction]. Moscow: Politizdat, 1979. 320 p.
  14. Kedrov B.M. Predmet marksistskoi dialekticheskoi logiki i ego otlichie ot predmeta formal’noi logiki [Subject of Marxist dialectical logic and its difference from the subject of formal logic]. Moscow: Publ. AN SSSR, 1962. 77 p.
  15. Kopnin P.V. Dialektika kak logika i teoriya poznaniya [Dialectics as logic and theory of cognition]. Moscow: Nauka, 1973. 463 p.
  16. Kopnin P.V. Dialekticheskaya logika i ee otnoshenie k formal’noi logike. Dialektika i logika [ Dialectical logic and its relation to formal logic]. Moscow: Publ. AN SSSR, 1962. 33 p.
  17. Krasheninnikov E.E. Razvitie poznavatel’nykh sposobnostei doshkol’nikov [Development of cognitive abilities of preschoolers]. Moscow: Publ. Mozaika-Sintez, 2012.
  18. Leont’ev A.N. Izbrannye psikhologicheskie proizvedeniya: v 2 t. T. 2. [Selected psychological works: in 2 vol Vol. 2]. Moscow: Pedagogika,1983. 142 p.
  19. Mal’tsev V.I. Ocherk po dialekticheskoi logike [An essay in dialectical logic]. Moscow: MGU, 1964. 187 p.
  20. Piazhe Zh. Izbrannye psikhologicheskie trudy. Psikhologiya intellekta. Genezis chisla u rebenka. Logika i psikhologiya [Selected psychological works. Psychology of intelligence. Genesis of number in child. Logic and psychology]. Moscow: Prosveshchenie, 1969. 448 p.
  21. Rubinshtein S.L. Bytie i soznanie [Being and consciousness]. Moscow: Publ. Akademii nauk SSSR, 1957. 331 p.
  22. Sartr Zh.—P. Problemy metoda [Problem of method]. Moscow: Progress, 1993. 240 p.
  23. Stolyarov V.I. Dialektika kak logika i metodologiya nauki [Dialectics as logic and methodology of science]. Moscow: Politizdat, 1975. 247 p.
  24. Shiyan O.A. Razvivayushchee obrazovanie v vuze: dialekticheskaya struktura uchebnogo kursa kak uslovie razvitiya studentov [Developmental education in university: dialectical structure of the educational course as a condition of student development]. Psikhologicheskaya nauka i obrazovanie [Psychological development and education]. 2008, no. 2, pp. 9—17. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
  25. Basseches M. Dialectical thinking and adult development. Norwood, N.J.: Ablex, 1984. 420 p.
  26. Basseches M. The development of dialectical thinking as an approach to integration. Integral Leadership Review, 2005, no. 1, pp. 47—63.
  27. Bayanova L.F. Vygotsky’s Hamlet: the dialectic method and personality psychology. Psychology in Russia: State of the Art, 2013, no. 6, pp. 35—42.
  28. Bo Z., Niall G., Hiroshi Y., Lei W., Ken I.M. Dialectical thinking: A cross—cultural study of Japanese, Chinese, and British students. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 2015, no. 6, pp. 771—779. doi:10.1080/20445911.2015.1025792
  29. Callio E. Multifaceted wisdom: Different research traditions, same phenomenon. Book of abstracts. ESRAD 2016 Symposium. The Hague, Netherlands, 2016. 41 p.
  30. Laske O. Dialectical Thinking for Integral Leaders: A Primer. NY: Integral Publishers, 2015. 164 p.
  31. Lynch T., Chapman A., Rosenthal Z., Kuo J., Linehan M. Mechanisms of Change in Dialectical Behavioral Therapy: Theoretical and Empirical Observations. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2006, no. 4, pp. 459—480. doi: 10.1002/jclp.20243
  32. Norenzayan A, Smith E., Kim B., Nisbett R. Cultural preferences for formal versus intuitive reasoning. Cognitive Science, 2002, Vol. 26, pp. 653—684.
  33. Over D. New paradigm psychology of reasoning. Thinking and Reasoning, 2009. Vol. 15, pp. 431—438. doi:10.1080/13546780903266188
  34. Peng K. Nisbett R. Culture, dialectics, and reasoning about contradiction. American Psychologist, 1999. Vol. 54, pp. 741—754.
  35. Piaget J. Las formas elementales de la dialectica. Barсelona, 1973. 216 p.
  36. Riegel K. Dialectic operations: The final period of cognitive development. Human Development, 1973. Vol. 16, pp. 346—370.
  37. Riegel K. Dialectic of human development. American Psychologist, 1976. Vol. 31, pp. 689—700.
  38. Riegel K., Rosenwald G. Structure and Transformation. The University of Michigan. A Wiley—Interscience Pablication. John Wiley & Sons. New York, London, Sydney, Toronto. 1975.
  39. Veraksa N., Belolutskaya A., Vorobyeva I., Krasheninnikov E., Rachkov E., Shiyan I., Shiyan O. Structural dialectical approach in psychology: problems and research results. Psychology in Russia: State of the Art, 2013, no. 6, pp. 65—77.
  40. Wang W.C. Understanding dialectical thinking from a cultural—historical perspective. Philosophical Psychology, 2006. Vol. 19, pp. 239—260. doi: 10.1080/09515080500462420
  41. Yama H., Manktelow K., Mercier H., Van der H., Jean-Baptiste D., Kyung S., Kawasaki Y., Adachi K. A cross— cultural study of hindsight bias and conditional probabilistic reasoning. Thinking and Reasoning, 2010. Vol. 16, pp. 346—371. doi:10.1080/13546783.2010.526786.

Information About the Authors

Nikolai E. Veraksa, Doctor of Psychology, professor, Professor, Faculty of Psychology, Department of Educational Psychology and Pedagogical Sciences, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leading Researcher, Federal Sci­entific Center of Psychological and Multidisciplinary Research, Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3752-7319, e-mail: neveraksa@gmail.com

Metrics

Views

Total: 5698
Previous month: 120
Current month: 34

Downloads

Total: 2383
Previous month: 19
Current month: 0