Supervisor’s and Supervisee’s Views on Professional Supervision

434

Abstract

This study is devoted to the expectations of supervisors and supervisees of the supervision process and their vision of the successful and unsuccessful supervision. We developed two questionnaires: one for the supervisor and other for the supervisee . A total of 103 respondents with various occupational experiences participated in the study, including 85 females and 10 males, and 8 respondents did not indicate gender. The age of the participants ranged from 22 to 61 years, with an average age of 38.92±11.22 years. The methods of statistical processing are: the principal component method with oblimin rotation, ANOVA. The results show that supervisee identifies three components of supervision process — knowledge, developing a professional identity and focusing on the client, while the supervisor considers all these aspects of the work to be complementary and inseparable from each other. The supervisor's expectations of the supervision differ from the supervisee's expectations, and these differences must be taken into account in education. Four factors (training, understanding/support, ethics, and novelty) are identified in supervisee’s expectations from the supervisor. The more experienced the supervisee is the less he focuses on gaining specific knowledge and techniques, and more on understanding his client. Work experience also helps to develop criteria for unsuccessful supervision — they are unambiguous and consolidated. Noteworthy the criteria for good supervision are not revealed. That means that the options for successful supervision are diverse, unlike unsuccessful supervision.

General Information

Keywords: professional supervision, work experience, training in practical psychology

Journal rubric: Empirical Research

Article type: scientific article

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2022110106

Acknowledgements. The authors thank the members of the National Association of Supervisors and its head N.A. Panphilova, members of the Society of Family Counsellors and Psychotherapists, professors and undergraduates of the Master's program "Systemic Family Psychotherapy" of the Higher School of Economics for their assistance in collecting data and conducting focus groups in developing research tools.

Received: 29.04.2021

Accepted:

For citation: Varga A.Y., Galasyuk I.N., Mitina O.V. Supervisor’s and Supervisee’s Views on Professional Supervision [Elektronnyi resurs]. Klinicheskaia i spetsial'naia psikhologiia = Clinical Psychology and Special Education, 2022. Vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 120–140. DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2022110106. (In Russ., аbstr. in Engl.)

Supplementary Material

The supplementary materials are available in the OFS repository at the link: https://osf.io/nw45m/?view_only=2b5d689bc1be4c75b383ee41acf97304

References

  1. Bulyubash I.D. Osnovy supervizii v geshtal't-terapiiyu [Supervision basics in gestalt-therapy]. Moscow: Publ. of Institute of Psychotherapy, 2003. 223 p. (In Russ.).
  2. Varga A.Ya. Superviziya v klassicheskoi sistemnoi semeinoi psikhoterapii [Supervision in classical systemic family psychotherapy]. Psikhologiya i psikhoterapiya sem'i=Family Psychology and Psychotherapy, 2019, no. 1, pp. 21–28. DOI: 10.17513/ pps.2019.1.2 (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
  3. Viner Dzh., Maizenb R., Dakkhem Dzh. Superviziya supervizora: praktika v poiskakh teorii [Supervising and being supervised: A practice in search of a theory]. Moscow: Kogito-Tsentr, 2006, 352 p. (In Russ.).
  4. Galasyuk I.N. Prostranstvo supervizii dlya studentov-klinicheskikh psikhologov: ot nastavnichestva k kollegial'nosti [Supervision space for students-clinical psychologists: from mentoring to collegiality]. In N.V. Zvereva, I.F. Roshchina, S.N. Enikolopov (eds.), Sbornik materialov nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem «Polyakovskie chteniya – 2018. Metodologicheskie i prikladnye problemy meditsinskoi (klinicheskoi) psikhologii (k 90-letiyu Yu.F. Polyakova)=Proceedings of the Second International Scientific and Practical Conference «Polyakov Readings – 2018. Methodological and Applied Problems of Medical (Clinical) Psychology» (to the 90th anniversary of
    Yu.F. Polyakov).
    Moscow: Sam Poligrafist, 2018, pp. 112–115. (In Russ.).
  5. Zalevskii G.V. Psikhologicheskaya superviziya: uchebnoe posobie dlya vuzov [Psychological supervision]. 2nd ed. Moscow: Yurait, 2020, 176 p. URL: https://urait.ru/ book/psihologicheskaya-superviziya-456402 (Accessed: 16.03.2022) (In Russ.).
  6. Kravtsova N.A. Tekhnologiya supervizii v podgotovke klinicheskikh psikhologov v meditsinskom vuze [Supervision technology in graduating of clinical psychologist in high school]. Sibirskii psikhologicheskii zhurnal=Siberian Journal of Psychology. 2008, no. 30, pp. 30–32. (In Russ.).
  7. Menovshchikov V.Yu., Postnikov I.V. Superviziya na distantsii [Supervision on the distance]. Konsul'tativnaya psikhologiya i psikhoterapiya=Counseling Psychology and Psychotherapy, 2011, no. 4 (71), pp. 40–50. (In Russ.).
  8. Nyukhalov G.A. Diskursy sovremennoi supervizii – vozmozhno li preodolenie khaosa? [Modern supervision discourse – is chaos overcoming possible?] Rossiiskii psikhoterapevticheskii zhurnal=Russian Psychotherapeutic Journal, 2017, no. 1, pp. 63–66. URL: https://psy.su/content/files/RPA-zhurnal-9.pdf (Accessed: 19.03.2022) (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
  9. Pyshinska I.V. Zametki o didakticheskoi supervizii: Superviziya v obrazovatel'nom prostranstve podgotovki psikhologov [Notes on didactic supervision]. Konsul'tativnaya psikhologiya i psikhoterapiya=Counseling Psychology and Psychotherapy, 2011, vol. 19,
    no. 4, pp. 51–57. URL: https://psyjournals.ru/files/49518/mpj_2011_n4_Pyshinska.pdf (Accessed: 19.03.2022) (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
  10.  Uil’ams E. Vy – supervizor: Shestifokusnaya model', roli i tekhniki v supervizii [Visual and Active Supervision. Role, Focus, Technique]. Moscow: Klass, 2001. 288 p. (In Russ.).
  11. Khovkins P., Shokhet R. Superviziya: individual'nyĭ, gruppovoĭ i organizatsionnyĭ podkhody [Supervision in the helping professions. An individual, group and organizational approach]. Saint-Petersburg.: Rech', 2002, 352 p. (In Russ.).
  12. Bannink F. Handbook of positive supervision for supervisors, facilitators, and peer groups. The Netherlands: Hogrefe Uitgevers BV, 2015, 203 p.
  13. Bernard J.M., Goodyear R.K. Fundamentals of clinical supervision. 6th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson, 2018, 313 p.                                                             
  14. Cook R.M., Ellis M.V. Post-degree clinical supervision for licensure: Occurrence of inadequate and harmful experiences among counselors. Clinical Supervisor, 2021, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 282–302. DOI: 10.1080/07325223.2021.1887786
  15. Haake R., Hardy G.E., Barkham M. Person-centered experiential therapy: Perceptions of trainers and developers. Сounselling & Psychotherapy Research, 2021,
    vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 460–470. DOI: 10.1002/capr.12398
  16. Hardy G.E., Simpson‐Southward C., Waller G. How do we know what makes for “best practice” in clinical supervision for psychological therapists? A content analysis of supervisory models and approaches. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 2017, vol. 24,
    pp. 1228–1245. DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2084
  17. Khoshfetrat A, Moore G, Kiernan G. Problematic psychoanalytic supervision: An interpretative phenomenological analysis study. Сounselling & Psychotherapy Research, 2021 vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 225–237. DOI: 10.1002/capr.12415
  18. Kühne F., Maas J., Wiesenthal S. et al. Empirical research in clinical supervision: a systematic review and suggestions for future studies. BMC Psychology, 2019, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1–11. DOI: 10.1186/s40359-019-0327-7
  19. Watkins C.E. What do clinical supervision research reviews tell us? Surveying the last 25 years. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 2020, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 190–208. DOI: 10.1002/capr.12287

Information About the Authors

Anna Y. Varga, PhD in Psychology, Associate Professor, HSE University, Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1180-1378, e-mail: avarga@hse.ru

Irina N. Galasyuk, PhD in Psychology, Associate Professior, Department of Neuro and Pathopsychology, Moscow State University of Psychology & Education, Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6333-8293, e-mail: igalas64@gmail.com

Olga V. Mitina, PhD in Psychology, Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of Communication Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2237-4404, e-mail: omitina@inbox.ru

Metrics

Views

Total: 1404
Previous month: 54
Current month: 36

Downloads

Total: 434
Previous month: 17
Current month: 12