Self-Realization of Persons with Atypical Development: A Comparative Analysis

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Abstract

This study aims to define the specifics of self-realization of persons with atypical development of various nosologies. The materials of an empirical study obtained on a sample of individuals with typical (n=232; M=26.34±13.47 y.o.) and atypical development (n=177; M=28.89±18.16 y.o.) are presented. The sample includes the following nosological groups: visual impairment (n=15), hearing impairment (n=9), musculoskeletal disorders (n=27), intellectual impairment (n=81), the presence of disabling diseases (n=45). The methodological tools included the Personality Self-Realization Judgment Test (S.I. Kudinov, 2012); semi-structured interview to study the characteristics, barriers, resources of self-realization. The specificity of self-realization of persons with atypical development was revealed by comparing these persons with atypical development and a group of normatively developing respondents. Persons with hearing impairment are more external, but less active in self-realization. Persons with impaired vision are more passive in self-realization, more often they consider it ineffective. Persons with musculoskeletal disorders are more pessimistic about self-realization, more socially oriented, recognize the dependence of self-realization on circumstances, but they consider it unique. Persons with disabling diseases strive less for self-realization in a personal sense, feel less potential for self-realization and optimism in relation to it; we noted less pronounced social-corporate attitudes and creativity of self-realization. Persons with intellectual disabilities are less likely to seek personal and professional/educational self-realization, demonstrate less activity and internality of efforts, evaluate it as less effective and unique, but they evaluate the methods used as non-standard. Differences in the success of self-realization in the professional and educational spheres are revealed. The circumstances of the external environment are the dominant barrier in individuals with atypical development. The main resource of self-realization is social support. Significant differences in subjective assessments of the success of self-realization in various spheres of life in different nosological groups were noted in the field of professional/educational self-realization.

General Information

Keywords: self-realization, typical development, atypical development, spheres, barriers, resources

Journal rubric: Empirical Research

Article type: scientific article

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2022110310

Funding. The study was supported by the grant of the President of the Russian Federation for young scientists-candidates of sciences MK-6263.2021.2.

Received: 25.03.2022

Accepted:

For citation: Shipova N. Self-Realization of Persons with Atypical Development: A Comparative Analysis [Elektronnyi resurs]. Klinicheskaia i spetsial'naia psikhologiia = Clinical Psychology and Special Education, 2022. Vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 242–261. DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2022110310. (In Russ., аbstr. in Engl.)

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Information About the Authors

Natalya Shipova, PhD in Psychology, Associate Professor, Department of Special Pedagogy and Psychology, Kostroma State University, Kostroma, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0741-1297, e-mail: ns.shipova@yandex.ru

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