Developing Safe Driving Attitudes Among Novice Drivers

446

Abstract

Drinking and driving is one of the most pressing issues in road safety worldwide. Alcohol impaired driving significantly increases the risk of being involved in a road crash and the severity of its consequences. Alcohol related crashes are the leading course of death and disability — they account for up to 60% of the fatalities in road crashes, while “drunk” crashes account for only about 10% of the total number of car accidents. This problem is relevant for all countries where the use of alcoholic beverages is legalized. In this study, we experimentally researched the formation of social attitudes of safe driving among novice drivers associated with drinking and driving. The experimental group of learning drivers received an additional module “Drinking and Driving are incompatible” incorporated into the traditional training course. The experiment revealed statistically significant differences in the cognitive component of the attitude of novice drivers and the absence of such in the affective and behavioral components.

General Information

Keywords: road safety, novice driver, risk factors in road safety, drinking and driving, social attitude, formation of safe driving behavioral attitudes

Journal rubric: Psychology of Labor and Engineering Psychology

Article type: scientific article

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/exppsy.2020130413

For citation: Kharchenko M.A., Plotnikova M.A. Developing Safe Driving Attitudes Among Novice Drivers. Eksperimental'naâ psihologiâ = Experimental Psychology (Russia), 2020. Vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 180–191. DOI: 10.17759/exppsy.2020130413. (In Russ., аbstr. in Engl.)

References

  1. Avtotrezvost’: vozhdenie i alkogol’ nesovmestimy [Automotive sobriety: driving and alcohol are incompatible] / V.P. Martynov, A.A. Burcev, M.A. Plotnikova, E.V. Shantor, A.B. Chubukov", V.V. Sil’yanov. M.: Tekhpoligrafcentr, 2017. 103 p. (In Russ.).
  2. Bol’shoj psihologicheskij slovar’ [Big psychological dictionary], ed. by B. Meshcheryakov, V. Zinchenko. SPb.: Prajm-Evroznak, 2008. 672 p. (In Russ.).
  3. Golovej L.A., Rybalko E.F. Praktikum po vozrastnoj psihologii [Developmental Psychology Workshop]. SPb.: Rech’, 2001. 694 p. (In Russ.).
  4. Kalinkin D.S., Vasil’chenko A.S., Shport S.V. Patopsihologicheskie prediktory protivopokazanij k upravleniyu avtotransportom u lic s psihicheskimi rasstrojstvami [Pathopsychological predictors of contraindications for driving in persons with mental disorders]. Psihologiya i pravo = Psychology and Law, 2017. Vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 20—31. (In Russ.).
  5. Kornilova T.V. Diagnostika motivacii i gotovnosti k risku [Diagnostics of motivation and risk readiness]. M.: In-t psychologii RAN, 1997. 232 p. (In Russ.).
  6. Kotik M.A. Psihologiya i bezopasnost’ [Psychology and safety]. Tallin: Valgus, 1981. 408 p. (In Russ.).
  7. Litvinova E.YU., Makeeva S.A., Kharchenko M.A. Otnoshenie k neopredelennosti i motivaciya dostizheniya u voditelej raznogo pola [Attitude towards uncertainty and motivation for achievement among drivers of different genders]. Social’naya psihologiya i obshchestvo = Social psychology and society, 2018. Vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 47—60. (In Russ.).
  8. Niazashvili A.G. Individual’nye razlichiya sklonnosti k risku v raznyh social’nyh situaciyah razvitiya lichnosti [Individual differences in risk appetite in different social situations of personality development]. Avtoref. diss. … kand. psihol. nauk. M., 2007. 26 p. (In Russ.).
  9. Petrov V.E. Psihologicheskij analiz problemy opasnogo stilya upravleniya transportnym sredstvom [Psychological analysis of the problem of a dangerous driving style]. Electronic resource. Sovremennye nauchnye issledovaniya i innovacii = Modern scientific research and innovation, 2016, no. 8. Available at: http://web.snauka.ru/issues/2016/08/70377 (Accessed 02.02.2020). (In Russ.).
  10. Petrovskij V.A. Neadaptivnyj risk i opyt interpretacii [Non-adaptive risk and interpretation experience]. Upravlenie riskom = Risk management, 1997, no. 3, pp. 29—34. (In Russ.).
  11. Spravochnik po psihologii i psihiatrii detskogo i podrostkovogo vozrasta [Handbook of Child and Adolescent Psychology and Psychiatry], ed. by S.Yu. Cirkin. SPb.: Piter, 2004. 896 p. (In Russ.).
  12. Shnejder L.B. Semejnaya problematika v empiricheskih issledovaniyah [Family issues in empirical research]. M.: Yurajt, 2019. 317 p. (In Russ.).
  13. Evans L. Young driver involvement in severe car crashes. Alcohol, Drugs, and Driving, 1987. Vol. 3, pp. 63—78.
  14. Breakwell G.M. The psychology of risk. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. 350 p.
  15. Global status report on road safety 2018: Summury. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2018, pp. 49—53.
  16. Hatakka M., Keskinen E., Gregersen N., Glad A., Hernetkoski K. From control of the vehicle to personal self-control; broadening the perspectives to driver education. Transportation Research. Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 2002. Vol. 5, pp. 201—215.
  17. Jonah B.A. Sensation seeking and risky driving: A review and synthesis of the literature. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 1997. Vol. 29 (5), pp. 651—655.
  18. Kogan N., Wallach M. A. Risky-shift phenomenon in small decision-making groups: A test of the information-exchange hypothesis. J. of Experimental Social Psychology, 1967. Vol. 3, pp. 75—84.
  19. Kostyniuk L.P., Molnar L.J., Eby D.W. Are Women Taking More Risks While Driving? A Look at Michigan Drivers. Women’s Travel Issues. Proceedings from the Second National Conference (October 1996). Baltimore: Drachman Institute of the University of Arizona; Morgan State University, 1998, pp. 503—516.
  20. Mayhew D., Simpson H. The safety value of driver education and training. Injury Prevention, 2002. Vol. 8 (Suppl II), pp. ii3—ii8.
  21. Schlze H. Recommendations of EU-project DRUID (Driving under Influence of Drugs, Alcohol and Medicines): Proceedings of the 6th European Public Health Conference (November, 15). The European J. of Public Health, 2013. Vol. 23, Is. suppl. 1, pp. 65—66.
  22. Streff F.M. Portrait of a Young Driver. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, 1994. 25 р.
  23. Taubman O., Yehiel B.-A.D. Driving styles and their associations with personality and motivation. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 2012. Vol. 45, pp. 416—422.
  24. Theeuwes J., van der Horst R., Kuiken M. Designing safe road systems: A human factors perspective. Farnham: Ashgate Publishing, 2012. 192 p.
  25. Tornowsky A., Luczak A. Fitted personality — beyond the traits. Fit to Drive: The 8th International Traffic Experts Congress. Proceedings. Berlin: Verband der TÜV, 2014, pp. 16—18.
  26. Wilde G.J.S. Risk homeostasis theory applied to a fictitious instance of an individual driver’s decision making. Road user behaviour: theory and research, ed. by T. Rothengatter, R. de Bruin. Wolfeboro, NH: Van Gorcum, 1988, pp. 66—76.
  27. Zuckerman M. Sensation seeking and risky behavior. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2007. 309 p.

Information About the Authors

Maxim A. Kharchenko, PhD in Physics and Matematics, Associate Professor, Chair of Psychology of Management, Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3335-9701, e-mail: maxquail@gmail.com

Margarita A. Plotnikova, MA in Psychology, Researcher, Research Laboratory of Traffic Organization and Safety Named After L. Afanasyev, Moscow Atomobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5662-6780, e-mail: m.plotnikova@mail.ru

Metrics

Views

Total: 722
Previous month: 15
Current month: 21

Downloads

Total: 446
Previous month: 1
Current month: 8