Development and Approbation of the Dispositional Forbearance Scale

Objective of the work was to construct and validate a dispositional tolerance questionnaire that aims to measure the subject's tolerance level in a complex way. Data collection was carried out in an online format. The methodology was approved with 160 students, the average age was 20 years old. In order to validate the presented questionnaire of dispositional tolerance we used methods of internal coherence and reliability of the scale, convergent validity, as well as confirmatory factor analysis to check the compliance of the theoretical factor structure of the questionnaire with the real one. Internal consistency of the methodology was assessed by calculating the value of Cronbach's α coefficients = 0.725. Convergent validity was assessed with the tolerance index questionnaire and the correlation level was 0.601. Factor analysis of the dispositional tolerance questionnaire confirmed the factor structure of the methodology. The meaning of dispositional tolerance was conceptualized and compared with existing concepts of psychological tolerance for further presentation of the psychometric instrument. This questionnaire stands as a method to diagnose tolerance as a subject's attitude. The obtained results confirmed sufficient reliability for using the presented psychometric tool in psychological practice.

1. Balyuk A.K. Aprobaciya i analiz psihometricheskih harakteristik shkaly «Tolerantnost' k raznoglasiyam». Intellektual'nyj potencial XXI veka: stupeni poznaniya = Intellectual potential of the twenty-first century: stages of learning, No. 7, pp. 101—104. (In Russ.).
2. Golovin S.YU. Slovar' prakticheskogo psihologa [Dictionary of Practical Psychologist] / End. S.YU. Golovin. Minsk: Harvest, 1998. 799 р. (In Russ.).
3. ZHmurov, V.A. Bol'shaya enciklopediya po psihiatrii [Big encyclopaedia on psychiatry] / V.A. ZHmurov. 2-e izd. M.: Dzhangar, 2012. 864 р. (In Russ.).
4. Klepcova E.YU., Kodolova E.V. Soderzhanie ponyatiya "terpimost'" v otechestvennoj i zarubezhnoj psihologii [The content of the concept of "tolerance" in Russian and foreign psychology]. Kazanskaya nauka = Kazan science, 2015. No. 11, pp. 340—344. (In Russ.).
5. Kornilova T.V., CHumakova M.A. SHkaly tolerantnosti i intolerantnosti k neopredelennosti v modifikacii oprosnika C. Badnera [Scales of tolerance and intolerance to uncertainty in modification of the questionnaire C. Badner]. Eksperimental'naya psihologiya = Experimental Psychology, 2014. No. 1, pp. 92—110. (In Russ.).
6. Kravcov G.G., Tajebekh N. Psihologicheskoe soderzhanie ponyatiya tolerantnosti [Psychological content of the concept of tolerance].Vestnik RGGU. Seriya «Psihologiya. Pedagogika. Obrazovanie» = Vestnik RGGU. Series "Psychology. Pedagogy. Education", 2010. No. 17(60), pp. 23—35. (In Russ.).
7. Lepekhin N.N., Kruglov V.G., Kruglova M.A., Tihomirova N.V., YAshina M.A. Dispozicionnye prediktory konfliktoustojchivosti studentov. Social'naya psihologiya i obshchestvo = Social psychology and society, Vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 92—110. DOI:10.17759/sps.2023140106 (In Russ.).
8. Krylova A.A., Sochivko V.P. CHelovek, proizvodstvo, upravlenie. Psihologicheskij slovar'-spravochnik rukovoditelya [Man, production, management. Psychological dictionary-guidebook of the head] / Edt. A.A. Krylova, V.P. Sochivko. SbP: Lenizdat,1982. 174 рр. (In Russ.).
9. Kuz'mina E.S., Semenova V.E.Kollektiv. Lichnost'. Obshchenie. Slovar' social'no-psihologicheskih ponyatij [Personality. Communication. Dictionary of socio-psychological concepts] / Edt. E.S. Kuz'mina, V.E. Semenova. SbP: Lenizdat, 1987. 144 р. (In Russ.).
10. Meshcheryakova B.G., Zinchenko V.P. Bol'shoj psihologicheskij slovar' [Big Psychological Dictionary] / Avdeeva N.N. i dr.; Ed. by. B.G. Meshcheryakova, V.P. Zinchenko. 4-e izd., rassh. Moskva: AST; Sankt-Peterburg: Prajm-Evroznak, 2009. 811 р. (In Russ.).
11. Mitina, O.V., Babaeva YU.D., Sabadosh P.A. Psihometricheskij analiz oprosnika "Mnogofaktornoe issledovanie tolerantnosti" s ispol'zovaniem mnogochertnoj-mnogometodnoj modeli [Psychometric analysis of the questionnaire "Multifactor study of tolerance" with the use of multichort-multimethod model]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 14. Psihologiya = Vestnik of Moscow University. Series 14. Psychology, 2011. No. 1, pp. 124—140. (In Russ.).
12. Nemov R.S. Psihologicheckij slovar' [Psychological Dictionary]. M.: Vlados, 2007. 560 pp. (In Russ.).
13. Ogarkova E.YU., Saltykova E.A. Model' formirovaniya etnokul'turnoj tolerantnosti i usloviya ee realizacii. Gumanitarnye i social'nyenauki = Humanities and Social Sciences, Vol. 100, no. 5, pp. 146—151. DOI:10.18522/2070-1403-2023-100-5-146-151 (In Russ.).
14. Rean A.A. Psihologiya lichnosti [Psychology of personality] / A.A. Rean. SPb.: Piter, 2016. 288 p. (In Russ.).
15. Reber A. Oksfordskij tolkovyj slovar' po psihologii [Oxford Dictionary of Psychology] / Pod red. A. Rebera. M.: Veche, AST, 2002. 592 p. (In Russ.).
16. Svencickij A.L. Kratkij psihologicheskij slovar' [Brief psychological dictionary]. Moskva: Prospekt, 2008. (In Russ.).
17. Soldatova G.U. Psihodiagnostika tolerantnosti lichnosti [Psychodiagnostics of personality tolerance] / Soldatova G.U., SHajgerova L.A., Prokof'eva T.YU., Kravcova O.A. M.: Smysl, 2008. 172 p. (In Russ.).
18. Stavcev A.A., Rean A.A., Kuz'min R.G. Sil'nye storony lichnosti rossijskih pedagogov v modeli VIA: aprobaciya russkoyazychnoj versii oprosnika «24 sil'nye storony lichnosti» (VIA-IS120) [Personality strengths of Russian teachers in the VIA model: approbation of the Russian version of the questionnaire "24 personality strengths" (VIA-IS120)]. Integraciya obrazovaniya = Integration of Education, 2021. Vol. 25, no. 4(105), pp. 681—699. (In Russ.).
19. Fel'de V.G. Sootnoshenie ponyatij «terpimost'» i «tolerantnost'» [Correlation of the concepts of "tolerance" and "tolerance"]. Omskij nauchnyj vestnik = Omsk Scientific Bulletin, No. 4(111), pp. 155—157. (In Russ.).
20. YAdov V.A. O dispozicionnoj regulyacii social'nogo povedeniya lichnosti [On dispositional regulation of social behaviour of personality]. Metodologicheskie problemi social'noj psihologii = Methodological problems of social psychology. M., 1975. Pp. 89—105. (In Russ.).
21. Adelman L., Verkuyten M., Yogeeswaran K. Distinguishing active and passive outgroup tolerance: Understanding its prevalence and the role of moral concern. Political Psychology, 2022. Vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 731—750. DOI:10.1111/pops.12790
22. Hooper D., Coughlan J., Mullen M. Evaluating model fit: a synthesis of the structural equation modelling literature. 7th European Conference on research methodology for business and management studies. London, United Kingdom, 2008. Pp. 195—200. DOI:10.21427/D79B73
23. Kline R.B. Methodology in the social sciences. Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford, 2005.
24. Peterson C., Seligman M.E.P. Character strengths and virtues: A handbook and classification.Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.
25. Su T., Guo X., Liu M., Xiao R., Xiao Z. Better forbearance, lower depression: Evidence based on heart rate variability. Psychol., 2023. Vol. 13, Article 1019402. DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1019402
26. Verkuyten M., Adelman L., Yogeeswaran K. Tolerance as forbearance: Overcoming intuitive versus deliberative objections to cultural, religious, and ideological differences. Psychological Review, Vol. 129, no. 2, pp. 368—387. DOI:10.1037/rev0000228
27. Verkuyten M., Yogeeswaran K., Adelman L. The social psychology of intergroup tolerance and intolerance. European Review of Social Psychology, 2023. 34, no. 1, pp. 1—43. DOI:10.1080/10463283.2022.2091326
28. Zhang W., Lv X., Xiao R., et al. Gender differences in the relationship between forbearance and depression among college students — a cross-sectional study. Research Square, 2024. DOI:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4338140/v1