Emotional Intelligence and Empathy in the Self-Regulation of the Activities of Law Enforcement Officers

183

Abstract

В статье обсуждаются особенности эмоционального интеллекта, эмпатии и саморегуляции у сотрудников органов внутренних дел. Цель исследования состояла в определении гендерных и возрастных особенностей данных явлений, структуры их взаимосвязей и влияний. Выборка была представлена сотрудниками полиции Санкт-Петербурга и Ленинградской области общим количеством респондентов 156 человек (мужчины: n = 89; женщины: n = 67). Методы: «Опросник эмоционального интеллекта “ЭмИн”» Д.В. Люсина, «Методика диагностики уровня эмпатических способностей» В.В. Бойко. В результате исследования установлен значимо высокий уровень (при р ≤ 0,05) эмоционального интеллекта у представителей мужской выборки по сравнению с женской, преимущество эмпатических способностей в женской выборке, более высокий уровень эмпатии у представителей младшей группы мужской выборки (18—20 лет). Выявлены особенности взаимосвязей эмоционального интеллекта и эмпатии, обсуждена их роль в эмоциональной саморегуляции. Корреляции, отражающие возможности сознательного эмоционального самоуправления, позволяют прогнозировать стабильность саморегуляции у представителей женской выборки в зависимости от внутренних аспектов, и регуляцию чужих эмоций в зависимости от коммуникативных внешних факторов у представителей группы мужской выборки.

General Information

Keywords: emotional intelligence, empathy, self-regulation, law enforcement officers, emotional competencies, gender differences, professional activity

Journal rubric: Methodological Problems of Legal Psychology

Article type: scientific article

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2024140107

Received: 29.06.2023

Accepted:

For citation: Goncharova N.A., Zhidkova O.A. Emotional Intelligence and Empathy in the Self-Regulation of the Activities of Law Enforcement Officers [Elektronnyi resurs]. Psikhologiya i pravo = Psychology and Law, 2024. Vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 107–120. DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140107. (In Russ., аbstr. in Engl.)

References

  1. Borodavko L.T., Chimarov L.T. Vospitatel’nyi aspekt podderzhaniya neobkhodimogo urovnya emotsional’nogo intellekta: v kontekste deistviya faktora uspeshnosti sluzhebnoi deyatel’nosti sotrudnika OVD [The educational aspect of maintaining the required level emotional intelligence: in the context of action factor of success in the performance of an internal affairs officer] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Gumanitarnye, sotsial’no-ekonomicheskie i obshchestvennye nauki = Humanities, Social-Economic and Social Sciences, 2022, no. 9, pp. 19–21. doi:10.23672/m2949-5630-1457-s (In Russ.).
  2. Bochkova M.N., Shapoval V.A., Meshkova N.V., Enikolopov S.N. Osobennosti antisotsial’noi kreativnosti i emotsional’nogo intellekta u sotrudnikov organov vnutrennikh del v zavisimosti ot obrazovaniya i stazha raboty [Features of malevolent creativity and emotional intelligence in police officers depending on education and length of service]. Organizatsionnaya psikhologiya = Organizational Psychology, 2021. Vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 154–168. (In Russ.).
  3. Goncharova N.A., Zhidkova O.A. Problemy razvitiya emotsional’nogo intellekta i emotsional’no-volevoi samoregulyatsii sotrudnikov politsii na nachal’nom etape professional’nogo obucheniya [Problems of the development of emotional intelligence and emotional-volitional self-regulation of police officers at the initial stage of professional training] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Perspektivy nauki i obrazovaniya = Perspectives of Science & Education, 2021, no. 3 (51), pp. 390–403. doi:10.32744/pse.2021.3.27 (In Russ.).
  4. Gordeeva E.N. Empatiya kak professional’noe pedagogicheskoe kachestvo rukovoditelya v organakh vnutrennikh del [Empathy as a Professional Pedagogical Quality of a Leader in the Internal Affairs Bodies] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Politseiskaya deyatel’nost’ = Police Activity, 2022, no. 4, pp.42–51. doi:10.7256/2454-0692.2022.4.38414 (In Russ.).
  5. Goleman D. Emotsional’nyi intellect [Emotional Intelligence]. Moscow: ACT; Vladimir: VKT, 2009. 478 p. (In Russ.).
  6. Lyusin D.V. Novaya metodika dlya izmereniya emotsional’nogo intellekta: oprosnik EmIn. Psikhologicheskaya diagnostika = Psychological Diagnostics, 2006, no. 4, pp. 3–22. (In Russ.).
  7. Nikiforov G.S., Shingaev S.M. Vidy psikhicheskoi samoregulyatsii [Types of mental self-control]. Vestnik Leningradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta im. A S. Pushkina. Tom 5. Psikhologiya = Pushkin Leningrad State University Journal. Vol. 5. Psychology, 2014, no. 1, pp. 92–101. (In Russ.).
  8. Nilova L.A., Kulakova S.V., Fadeeva K.F. Znachenie emotsional’nogo intellekta v deyatel’nosti sotrudnika ugolovno-ispolnitel’noi sistemy [Meaning of Emotional Intelligence in the Activity of Officer of the Penal System]. Penitentsiarnoe pravo: yuridicheskaya teoriya i pravoprimenitel’naya praktika = Penal Law: Legal Theory and Law Enforcement Practices, 2017, no. № 1 (11), pp. 63–66. (In Russ.).
  9. Padun M.A., Sorokko E.A. Regulyatsiya emotsii u lits s povyshennym riskom psikhicheskoi travmatizatsii (na vyborke sotrudnikov MVD) [Emotion Regulation in Persons with an Increased Risk of Mental Trauma (on the example of the Internal Affairs officers)] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Psikhologiya i parvo = Psychology and Law, 2019. Vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 59–74. doi:10.17759/psylaw.2019090405 (In Russ.).
  10. Proskuryakova L.A. Analiz urovnya samoregulyatsii i komponentov emotsional’nogo sostoyaniya u sotrudnikov politsii: rezul’taty prakticheskoi raboty [Analysis of the Level of Self-Regulation and Components of the Emotional State of Police Officers: Results of Practical Work] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Psikhologiya i parvo = Psychology and Law, 2022. Vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 83–95. doi:10.17759/psylaw.20221204 (In Russ.).
  11. Raigorodsky D.Ya. Prakticheskaya psikhodiagnostika: metodiki i testy. Samara: Izdatel’skii dom “BAKhRAKh-M”, 2005. 672 p. (In Russ.).
  12. Raspopin E.V. Emotsional’nyi intellekt sotrudnikov organov vnutrennikh del i metody ego izucheniya [Emotional Intelligence of Employees of Internal Affairs Bodies and Methods of Its Study]. Pravookhranitel’nye organy: teoriya i praktika = Pravookhranitel’nye Organy: Teoriya i Praktika, 2022, no. 1 (42), pp. 107–112. (In Russ.).
  13. Ryabko T.V. Gendernye razlichiya motivatsionnoi sfery, zhiznestoikosti i emotsional’nogo intellekta u sotrudnikov politsii — psikhologov [Gender differences in motivational sphere, resilience and emotional intelligence of the police psychologists] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Obshchestvo: sotsiologiya, psikhologiya, pedagogika = Society: Sociology, Psychology, Pedagogics, 2017, no. 8, pp. 85–88. doi:10.24158/spp.2017.8.16 (In Russ.).
  14. Solov’eva A.V. Emotsional’nyi intellekt i osobennosti zhiznestoikosti lichnosti sotrudnika organov vnutrennikh del [Emotional intelligence and the characteristics of hardiness of the personality of a police officer] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Psikhologiya i pedagogika sluzhebnoi deyatel’nosti = Psychology and Pedagogics in Official Activity, 2022, no. 2, pp. 61–65. doi:10.24412/2658-638Kh-2022-2-61-65 (In Russ.).
  15. Yakimova Z.V. Emotsional’nyi intellekt v deyatel’nosti sotrudnikov organov vnutrennikh del [Emotional Intelligence in Employee Activities Internal Affairs Bodies] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Azimut nauchnykh issledovanii: pedagogika i psikhologiya = Azimuth of Scientific Research: Pedagogy and Psychology, 2020. Vol. 9, no. 4 (33), pp. 412–418. doi:10.26140/anip-2020-0904-0091 (In Russ.).
  16. Bar-On R., Brown J.M., Kirkcaldy B.D., Thome E.P. Emotional expression and implications for occupational stress; an application of the Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i). Personality and Individual Differences, 2000. Vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 1107–1118. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(99)00160-9
  17. Brunetto Y., Teo S.T., Shacklock K., Farr-Wharton R. Emotional intelligence, job satisfaction, well-being and engagement: explaining organisational commitment and turnover intentions in policing. Human Resource Management Journal, 2012. Vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 428–441. doi:10.1111/j.1748-8583.2012.00198.x
  18. Burcher P. Emotional intelligence and empathy: its relevance in the clinical encounter. Patient Intelligence, 2011. Vol. 3, pp. 23–28. doi:10.2147/pi.s11070
  19. Carmeli A., Josma, Z.E. The relationship among emotional intelligence, task performance, and organizational citizenship behaviors. Human Performance, 2006 Vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 403–419. doi:10.1207/s15327043hup1904_5
  20. Chapi M., Branne, S.J., Singe M.I. Walker M. Training police leadership to recognize and address operational stress. Police Quarterly, 2008. Vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 338–352. doi:10.1177/1098611107307736
  21. Christov-Moore L., Simpson E. A., Grigaityte K. Empathy: Gender Effects in Brain and Behavior. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 604–627 doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.09.001
  22. Lokesh L., Patr S., Venkatesan S. Emotional intelligence among police personnel: socio-demographic analysis. Guru Journal of Behavior and Social Sciences, 2016. Vol. 4, no. 1-2, pp. 503–511.
  23. Magny О., Todak N. Emotional intelligence in policing: a state-of-the-art review. Policing: An International Journal, Vol. 44, no. 6. doi:10.1108/PIJPSM-01-2021-0008
  24. McDowall A., Brown J., Gamblin D. Assessing emotional intelligence of graduate probationer police officers: a UK pilot study. Policing A Journal of Policy and Practice, 2020. Vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 104–118. doi:10.1093/police/paz039
  25. Millar A., Devaney J., Butler M. Emotional intelligence: challenging the perceptions and efficacy of ‘soft skills’ in policing incidents of domestic abuse involving children. Journal of Family Violence, 2019. Vol. 34, no. 6, pp. 577–588. doi:10.1007/s10896-018-0018-9
  26. Risan P., Binder P.-E., Milne R.J. Emotional intelligence in police interviews—approach, training and the usefulness of the concept. Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice, 2016. Vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 410–424. doi:10.1080/15228932.2016.1234143

Information About the Authors

Natalia A. Goncharova, PhD in Psychology, Docent, Associate Professor of the Department of Legal Psychology, Saint Petersburg University of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia, St.Petersburg, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0795-4969, e-mail: goncharova_n@bk.ru

Olga A. Zhidkova, Senior Lecturer, Department of Legal Psychology, Saint Petersburg University of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia, St.Petersburg, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5446-1772, e-mail: olgingi@yandex.ru

Metrics

Views

Total: 562
Previous month: 56
Current month: 4

Downloads

Total: 183
Previous month: 17
Current month: 4