Foreign Theoretical Models of Behavior Change in The Prevention of Socially Significant Diseases

The acquisition of socially significant diseases such as sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV and hepatitis B and C is almost totally determined by behavioral factors. That is why the traditional biomedical approach in prevention of those infections should be enhanced by interventions focused on individual psychological and behavioral factors of risk behaviors. The highest effectiveness of preventive interventions is reached if they are based on well-known scientific conceptions of behavior change. The objective of this manuscript was to review the main foreign theoretical models of behavior change which are widely used in public health for prevention of socially significant infections. The analysis conducted in this article presents the international resources which describe the most wellknown theoretical concepts of behavior correction associated with health issues. The authors concluded that there are a lot of theoretical models currently used in the world allowing to explain, to predict and to change human behavior with the high probability. Theoretical conceptualization is an integral basis of any preventative intervention which can pretend to be effective. Most of the effective preventive programs focused on the risk reduction of STI and bloodborne infections which were evaluated in longitudinal clinical trials were based on the theories presented in this manuscript.

Gandelman A.A., Vogan S.A., Dolcini M.M. Assessing HIV prevention provider knowledge of behavior science theory: building on existing intuitive experience. Health Promotion Practice, 2005, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 299–307.

Grau L.E. et al. Cultural adaptation of an intervention to reduce sexual risk behaviors among patients attending a STI clinic in St. Petersburg, Russia. Prevention Science, 2013, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 400–410.

Rhodes F., Wolitski R.J. Perceived effectiveness of fear appeals in AIDS education: relationship to ethnicity, gender, age, and group membership. AIDS Education and Prevention, 1990, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–11.

Rosenstock I.M. Why people use health services. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 1966, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 94–127.

Benotsch E.G. et al. A comparison of HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitudes of STD clinic clients in St. Petersburg, Russia and Milwaukee, Wi, USA. Journal Community Health, 2004, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 451–465.

Takács J. et al. «Condoms are reliable but I am not»: a qualitative analysis of AIDS-related beliefs and attitudes of young heterosexual adults in Budapest, Hungary, and St. Petersburg, Russia. Central European journal of public health, 2006, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 59–66.

Benotsch E.G. et al. Drug use and sexual risk behaviours among female Russian IDUs who exchange sex for money or drugs. International Journal of STD & AIDS, 2004, vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 343–347.

Janz N., Becker H.M. The Health Belief Model: a decade later. Health Education Quarterly, 1984, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 1–47.

Ajzen I. Attitudes, personality, and behavior. Chicago, IL: Dorsey Press, 1988. 175 p.

Jannis I.L., Mann L. Decision making: A psychological analysis of conflict, choice and commitment. New York, The Free Press, 1977. 512 р.

Bandura A. Social foundations of thought and action: a social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Prentice-Hall, 1986. 617 p.

Bandura A. Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Prentice Hall, 1977. 247 p.

Bandura A. Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychology Review, 1977, vol. 84, no. 2, pp. 191–215.

Meichenbaum D.Н. Examination of model characteristics in reducing avoidance behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1971, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 298–307.

Bandura A. Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. Am Psychology, 1982, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 122– 147.

Bandura A. The explanatory and predictive scope of self-efficacy theory. Journal Social Clinic Psychology, 1986, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 359–373.

Prochaska J.O., DiClemente C.C. Toward a comprehensive model of change. Treating addictive behaviors: process of change. Eds W.R.Miller, N.Heather. New York, Plenum Press, 1986, pp. 3–27.

Prokhorov A.V., Velicher U.F., Prochaska Dzh.O. Transteoreticheskaia model’ izmeneniia povedeniia i ee primenenie [Transteoretic model of behavior change and its application]. Voprosy psikhologii [ Questions of Psychology], 1994, no. 2, pp. 113–123. (In Russian)

Velicer W.F., Prochaska J.O., Rossi J. S., Snow M.G.Assessing outcome in smoking cessation studies. Psychology Bulletin, 1992, vol. 111, no. 1, pp. 23–41.

DiClemente C.C. et al. The process of smoking cessation: an analysis of precontemplation, contemplation and preparation stages of change. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1991, vol. 59, no. 2, pp. 295–304.

Prochaska J.O., DiClemente C.C.Processes and stages of change in smoking, weight control, and psychological distress. Coping and substance abuse. Eds S. Schiffman, T.Wills. New York: Academic Press, 1985, pp. 319–345.

Fisher J.D., Fisher W.A. Changing AIDS risk behavior. Psychology Bulletin, 1992, vol. 111, no. 3, pp. 455–474.

Lazarus J.V. et al. Systematic review of interventions to prevent the spread of sexually transmitted infections, including HIV, among young people in Europe. Croatian Medical Journal, 2010, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 74–84.

Miller W.R. Motivational interviewing with problem drinkers. Behavioral Psychotherapy, 1983, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 147–172.

Miller W.R., Rollnick S. Motivational interviewing: preparing people to change addictive behavior. 2nd ed. New York, The Guilford Press, 2002. 428 p.

Motivatsionnoe interv’iuirovanie lits, upotrebliaiushchikh in”ektsionnye narkotiki: Metod. rekomendatsii dlia sotsial’nykh rabotnikov programm profilaktiki VICh/SPID [ Motivational interviewing of people who use injecting drugs: guidelines for social workers in HIV/AIDS prevention programs]. Kiev, AIDS Publishing House of the East-West Foundation, 2004. 108 p. (In Russian)

Kelly J.A., St Lawrence J. S., Hood H.V., Brasfield T.L. Behavioral intervention to reduce AIDS risk activities. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1989, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 60–67.

Kelly J.A. et al. The effects of HIV/AIDS intervention groups for high-risk women in urban clinics. American Journal of Public Health, 1994, vol. 84, no. 12, pp. 1918–1922.

Kelly J.A. et al. A skills-training group intervention model to assist persons in reducing risk behaviors for HIV infection. AIDS Education Preview, 1990, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 24–35.

Abdala N. et al. Efficacy of a brief HIV prevention counseling intervention among STI clinic patients in Russia: a randomized controlled trial. AIDS and Behavior, 2013, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 1016–1024.

Kriterii programm «ravnyi — ravnomu» po profilaktike VICh-infektsii i prodvizheniiu idei zdorovogo obraza zhizni sredi molodezhi v Rossiiskoi Federatsii: Rukovodstvo dlia praktikov [ Criteria for peer education programs for HIV prevention and promotion of healthy lifestyles among young people in the Russian Federation: a guide for practitioners]. Moscow, Y-PEER Publ., 2006. 113 p. (In Russian)

Trening dlia trenerov: Prakticheskoe rukovodstvo [Training for trainers: a practical guide]. Moscow, Y-PEER Publ., 2006. 203 p. (In Russian)

Prosveshchenie po metodu «ravnyi — ravnomu» i VICh/SPID: kontseptsii, primenenie i problemy [Peer education and HIV/AIDS: concepts, applications and challenges]. Zheneva, UNAIDS Publ., 2007. 40 p. (In Russian)

Rogers E.M. Diffusion of innovations. New York, Free Press, 2003. 512 p. 35. Winett R.A. et al. Enhancing social diffusion theory as a basis for prevention intervention: a conceptual and strategic framework. Applied and Preventive Psychology, 1995, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 233– 245.

Kelly J.A. Changing HIV Risk behavior: practical strategies. New York, The Guilford Press, 1995. 159 p.

Kelly J.A., Kalichman S.C. Increased attention to human sexuality can improve HIV/AIDS prevention efforts: key research issues and directions. Journal of Consulting ang Clinical Psychology, 1995, vol. 63, no. 6, pp. 907–918.

Kelly J.A. Popular opinion leaders and HIV prevention peer education: resolving discrepant findings, and implications for the development of effective community programmes. AIDS Care, 2004, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 139–150.

Ngugi E.N. et al. Focused peer mediated educational programs among female sex workers to reduce sexually transmitted disease and human immunodeficiency virus transmission in Kenya and Zimbabwe. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1996, vol. 174, Suppl 2, pp. 240–247.

Results of the NIMH collaborative HIV/sexually transmitted disease prevention trial of a community popular opinion leader intervention / NIMH Collaborative HIV/STD Prevention Trial Group. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 2010, vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 204–214.

Tsvetkova L.A. and others. Teoreticheskie modeli formirovaniia, kontrolia i korrektsii narkopotrebleniia [ Theoretical models for the formation, control and correction of drug use]. St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg University Press, 2006. 248 p. (In Russian)