Autism: Multidisciplinary Evaluation and Treatment. The LADDERS Model

578

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction, delayed and disordered communication skills and isolated areas of interest. There is a growing appreciation that ASD is more complex than previously appreciate and in many cases, involves multiple organ systems beyond the brain. Those affected require intensive therapeutic services as well as skilled medical diagnosis and supervision. This paper describes a multidisciplinary clinical model in which the many services and interventions needed by ASD patients can be provided in a single site, reducing fragmentation of care and providing skilled diagnostic care and ongoing supervision.

General Information

Keywords: autism, behavior, medical co-morbidities, coordinated care

Journal rubric: Expert opinion

Article type: scientific article

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/autdd.2020180303

For citation: Bauman M.L. Autism: Multidisciplinary Evaluation and Treatment. The LADDERS Model. Autizm i narusheniya razvitiya = Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2020. Vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 22–27. DOI: 10.17759/autdd.2020180303.

References

  1. Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network / Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Web resource]. iSBN 978-0-89042-555-8. URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/addm.html (Accessed 31.08.2020).
  2. Baio J., Wiggins L., Christensen D.L. et al. Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years — Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network. 11 sites, United States, 2014. Morbidity and mortality weekly report: Surveillance summaries, 2018, vol. 67, no. 6, pp. 1—23. DOI:10.15585/mmwr.ss6706al
  3. Bauman M.L. Medical Comorbidities in Autism: Challenges to Diagnosis and Treatment. Neurotherapeutics, 2010, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 320—327. DOI: 1016/j.nurt.2010.06.001
  4. Coury D.L., Murray D.S., Fedele A. et al. The Autism Treatment Network: Bringing Best Practices to All Children with Autism. Pediatrics, 2020, vol. 145, no. Supplement 1, pp. s13—s19. DOI: 10.1542/2019-1895D.
  5. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder: DSM-5. 5th edition. Arlington: Publ. American Psychiatric Publishing, 2013. ISBN 978-0-89042-555-8.
  6. DiBari J.N., Azuine R.E., Linares D.E. et al. Maternal and Child Health Bureau’s Autism Research Program. Pediatrics, 2020, vol. 145, no. Supplement 1, pp. s5—s12. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2019-1895C
  7. Jones W.E. The American Association of University Affiliated Programs. Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 1995, vol. 1, no.4, p ii. DOI: 10.1002/mrdd.1410010414.
  8. Kanner L. Autistic disturbances of affective contact. Nervous Child. 1943: 2:217—250.
  9. Lord C., Risi S., DiLavore P.S., Shulman C., Thurm A., Pickles A. Autism from 2 to 9 years of age. Archives of General Psychiatry, 2006, vol. 63, no. 6, pp. 694—701. DOI:10.1001/archpsy63.6.694
  10. Newschaffer C.J., Croen L.A., Daniels J. et al. The epidemiology of autism spectrum disorders. Annual Review of Public Health, 2007, vol. 28, pp. 235—258. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pubhealth.28.021406.144007
  11. Perrin J.M., Coury D.L., Klatka K. et al. The Autism Intervention Research Network on Physical Health and the Autism Speaks Autism Treatment Network. Pediatrics (suppl). 2016, vol. 137, no. Supplement 2, pp. s67—s71. DOI:10.1542/ peds.2015-2851D
  12. Warren S.L. Implementation of the President’s Program on Mental Retardation. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 1964, no. 121, pp. 549—554. DOI:10.1176/ajp.121.6.549

Information About the Authors

Margaret L. Bauman, MD, Associate Professor of Anatomy and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, USA, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3229-0458, e-mail: mbauman@bu.edu

Metrics

Views

Total: 1054
Previous month: 11
Current month: 6

Downloads

Total: 578
Previous month: 10
Current month: 3