Key aspects of independent living among adults with autism as a foundation for developing support programs for adolescents

 
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Abstract

Context and relevance. Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) face considerable challenges in organizing independent living. However, their experiences remain fragmentarily described in the research literature. Objective. To conduct a qualitative analysis of the everyday experiences, challenges, and resources of independently living adults with ASD, in order to develop an effective support model for adolescents that fosters the prerequisites for independent living. Methods and materials. A semi-structured in-depth interview was used, within which several thematic categories were identified for individuals with ASD: family context, relationships with significant adults, sensory vulnerability, daily living autonomy, emotional regulation, and communication. The study involved 7 adults who had received an official ASD diagnosis after the age of 18. Results. The findings indicate that the motivation for independent living is driven less by a need for autonomy than by a need to alleviate sensory and emotional tension generated within family interactions and under parental overcontrol. The everyday living domain emerged as the most vulnerable, particularly with regard to organizing daily routines, nutrition, and engaging with services. Participants exhibited pronounced sensory sensitivities, emotional exhaustion, and socialization difficulties. Nevertheless, they also demonstrated a high level of self-reflection and had developed individualized adaptation strategies. Conclusions. The findings confirm the need for support programs for adolescents with ASD that are grounded in the firsthand independent living experiences of adults on the spectrum.

General Information

Keywords: autism spectrum disorder (ASD), adults with ASD, independent living, semi-structured interview, household autonomy, sensory vulnerability, communication

Journal rubric: Research on Developmental Disorders

Article type: scientific article

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/autdd.202624022026240206

Acknowledgements. The authors would like to thank the Telegram channel “Autistic Translations” and Anastasia, one of the co-founders of the channel, for their help in collecting data for the study.

Received 19.01.2026

Revised 19.05.2026

Accepted

Published

For citation: Ryahovskaya, T.V., Artemova, E.E. (2026). Key aspects of independent living among adults with autism as a foundation for developing support programs for adolescents. Autism and Developmental Disorders, 24(2), 43–51. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17759/autdd.202624022026240206

© Ryahovskaya T.V., Artemova E.E., 2026

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

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Information About the Authors

Tatyana V. Ryahovskaya, Associate Professor at the Institute of Psychology and Conflictology, Spilornis University, Russian Federation, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8560-1738, e-mail: tanya.kubatina@gmail.com

Eva E. Artemova, Candidate of Science (Education), Associate Professor, Dean of the Faculty of Clinical and Special Psychology, Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russian Federation, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5573-3234, e-mail: artemovaee@mgppu.ru

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