Sources of cognitive functions variability in late adulthood

905

Abstract

The twins' method allowed discovering genotypeenvironmental relations in cognitive functions variability in late adulthood. IQ was measures using Wechslers Intelligence Scale. Results indicate IQ indices decrease in nonverbal sphere; factor structure of intellect in late adulthood was shown; structure of the phenotypic dispersion (inheritability, common and individual environment) of separate intellectual indices, factors and integral intellect indices were shown. Analysis of genotypeenvironmental relations showed dominating increase of genetic influences contribution to intellectual activity demanding attention stability.

General Information

Keywords: cognitive functions, ageing, verbal and nonverbal intellect, twins' method, environment

Journal rubric: Empirical Research

Article type: scientific article

For citation: Obukhova O.B. Sources of cognitive functions variability in late adulthood. Kul'turno-istoricheskaya psikhologiya = Cultural-Historical Psychology, 2008. Vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 100–106. (In Russ., аbstr. in Engl.)

References

  1. Vygotsky L. S. Lekcii po pedologii. 1933—1934 gg. Izhevsk, 1996.
  2. Egorova M. S. Psihologiya individual'nyh razlichii. M., 1997.
  3. Egorova M. S., Zyryanova N. M., Parshikova O. V., P'yankova S. D., Chertkova Yu. D. Genotip. Sreda. Razvitie. M., 2004.
  4. Korsakova N. K., Balashova E. Yu. Oposredovanie kak komponent samoregulyacii psihicheskoi deyatel'nosti v pozdnem vozraste // Vestn. MGU, Ser.14. Psihologiya. 1995. № 1.
  5. Luriya A. R. Ob izmenchivosti psihicheskih funkcii v processe razvitiya rebenka // Voprosy psihologii. 1962. № 3.
  6. Maryutina T. M. Promezhutochnye fenotipy intellekta v kontekste geneticheskoi psihofiziologii // Psihologiya.Zhurnal Vysshei shkoly ekonomiki. 2007. Т. 4. № 2.
  7. Petrill S. Geneticheskie i sredovye svyazi mezhdu obshimi i special'nymi kognitivnymi sposobnostyami u prestarelyh // Inostrannaya psihologiya. 2000. № 14.
  8. Ravich-Sherbo I. V. Psihologiya i genetika nuzhny drug drugu // Inostrannaya psihologiya. № 14. 2000.
  9. Stepanova E. I. Psihologiya vzroslyh: eksperimental'naya akmeologiya. SPb., 2001.
  10. Styuart-Gamil'ton Ya. Psihologiya stareniya. SPb., 2002.
  11. Filimonenko Yu. I., Timofeev V. I. Test D. Vekslera. Diagnostika struktury intellekta (vzroslyi variant). SPb., 2002.
  12. Fogel' F., Motul'ski A. Genetika cheloveka. V 3 t. 1990. M.
  13. Holodnaya M. A., Man'kovskii N. B., Bachinskaya N. Yu., Lozovskaya E. L., Demchenko V. N. Svoeobrazie urovnevyh, strukturnyh i stilevyh harakteristik intellekta v pozhilom vozraste // Psihologiya zrelosti i stareniya. 1998. № 2.
  14. Hrisanfova E. N. Osnovy gerontologii. M., 1999.
  15. Cvetkova L. S. Narushenie konstruktivnoi deyatel'nosti pri porazhenii lobnyh i temennozatylochnyh otdelov mozga // Lobnye doli i regulyaciya psihicheskih processov. M., 1966.
  16. Cherry К. Е., Park D. C. Individual difference and contextual variables influence spatial memory in younger and older adults // Psychology and Aging. 1993. V. 8.
  17. Clinical interpretation of the WAIS III and WMS III. Editors D. S. Tulski D. H. Saklofske et al. Amsterdam, 2003.
  18. Cognitive aging: A primer / Ed. by D. C. Park, N. Schwartz. Philadelphia, 2000.
  19. Deary I. Looking down on human intelligence: from psychometrics to the brain. Oxford. 2000.
  20. DeFries J. C., Plomin R., Fulker D. W. Nature and nurture during middle childhood. Blackwell Publishers Oxford UK Cambridge USA, 1994.
  21. Harris J. R. Introduction to special issue on aging // Behavior Genetics. 2003. V. 33.
  22. Hummert M. L., Garstka T. A., Shaner J. L., Strahm, S. Stereotypes of the elderly held by young, middleaged, and elderly adults // Journal of Gerontology: Psychologial Sciences. 1994. V. 49.
  23. Lindenberger U., Baltes P. Intellectual functioning in old and very old age: Crosssectional results from the Berlin Aging Study // Psychology and Aging. 1997. V. 12.
  24. Park D. C. Psychological issues related to competence: Cognitive aging and instrumental activities of daily living // W. Schaie & S. Willis (Eds). Social structures and aging. Mahwah, N.J., 1997.
  25. Park D. C. Aging and the controlled and automatic processing of medical information and medical intentions // D. C. Park, R. W. Morrell & K. Shifren (Eds.), Processing of medical information in aging patients: Cognitive and human factors perspectives. Mahwah, N.J., 1999.
  26. Park D. C., Shaw R. J. Effect of environmental support on implicitexplicit memory in younger and older adults // Psychology and Aging. 1992. V. 7.
  27. Pedersen N. L., Plomin R., Nesselroade J. R., McClearn G. E. A quantitative genetic abilities during the second half of the life span // Psychological Science. 1992. V. 3 (6).
  28. Petrill S. A., Plomin R., Berg S., Johansson B., Pedersen N., Ahern F., McClean G. E. // The genetic and environmental relationship between general and specific cognitive abilities in twins 80 years and older // Psychological Science. 1998. V. 9 (3).
  29. Plomin R. Development, genetics and psychology. Hillsdale, N.J., 1986.
  30. Plomin R., DeFries J. C., McClearn G. E. Behavioral Genetic. A primer. Freeman a. Company. N. Y., 1990.
  31. ReuterLorenz P. А. Cognitive neuropsychology of the aging brain // Cognitive aging: A primer / Ed. by D. C. Park, N. Schwartz. Philadelphia. 2000.
  32. Salthouse T. A. The processingspeed theory of adult age differences in cognition // Psychological Review. 1996. V. 103.

Information About the Authors

Olga B. Obukhova, Senior Lector, Developmental Psychology Chair, Department of Psychology of Education, Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: s1342075@gmail.com

Metrics

Views

Total: 1955
Previous month: 20
Current month: 18

Downloads

Total: 905
Previous month: 13
Current month: 4