Culture and Personality: On Some Aspects of the Problem

The paper provides a theoretical analysis of the influences of sociocultural environment on personality development. It reviews the main approaches to the problem, such as cultural-historical psychology, theory of social character, cultural anthropology, cross-cultural research and cultural psychology. Basing upon the idea of the polysocial character of the human nature, the paper defines various layers of sociocultural circle of an individual that contribute to his/her socialization and culturalization. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the correlation between the social and the cultural, with the correlation itself being understood as the rela- tionship of the necessary and the possible in the sociocultural determination of personality development. Also, the paper analyzes the aspects in which the sociocultural environment affects personality development. The main conclusion of the current work is that there are two different aspects in the developmental impacts of the sociocultural environment: first, the cultivation of invariant, culturally non-specific mechanisms of social reg- ulation of individual life and activities (civility); second, the acquisition of certain culturally specific sign-sym- bolic and value-meaning regulators (culture identity).

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