Cognitive Deficits in Patients with Gambling Disorder

348

Abstract

The paper provides a narrative review of cognitive deficits in patients with gambling disorder. We discuss several types of these deficits, namely, cognitive impairments due to deficits in executive functioning, impulsive and risky decision-making, gambling-related cognitive distortions, and cognitive errors in cognitive-behavioral terms. These deficits are reviewed from the perspective of their relevance for psychotherapy and the development of differentiated psychotherapeutic interventions for gambling disorder treatment.

General Information

Keywords: gambling disorder, behavioral addictions, cognitive deficits, psychotherapy

Journal rubric: Workshop and Methods

Article type: scientific article

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/cpp.2020280409

Funding. The study was funded by Russian Science Foundation (RSF), project number 18-18-00477, supervised by Rodmonga K. Potapova.

For citation: Agibalova T.V., Tuchina O.D., Buzik O.Z., Potapova R.K., Potapov V.V. Cognitive Deficits in Patients with Gambling Disorder. Konsul'tativnaya psikhologiya i psikhoterapiya = Counseling Psychology and Psychotherapy, 2020. Vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 167–185. DOI: 10.17759/cpp.2020280409. (In Russ., аbstr. in Engl.)

References

  1. Agibalova T.V., Buzik O.Zh., Dinov E.N. Otsenka effektivnosti primeneniya psikhoterapii pri kompleksnom lechenii bol’nykh igrovoi zavisimost’yu [Contrastive study on use of psychotherapy with patients addicted to gambling]. Narkologiya = Narcology, 2010. Vol. 9 (105), pp. 31—39.
  2. Buzik O.Zh. Zavisimost’ ot azartnykh igr: kliniko-dinamicheskie osobennosti [Gambling addiction: clinical and dynamic characteristics]. Narkologiya = Narcology, 2008. Vol. 4 (76), pp. 49—52.
  3. Barton K.R., Yazdani Y., Ayer N., et al. The effect of losses disguised as wins and near misses in electronic gaming machines: A systematic review. Journal of Gambling Studies, 2017. Vol. 33 (4), pp. 1241—1260. DOI:10.1007/s10899-017-9688-0
  4. Bechara A., Damasio A.R., Damasio H., et al. Insensitivity to future consequences following damage to human prefrontal cortex. Cognition, 1994. Vol. 50 (1—3), pp. 7—15. DOI:10.1016/0010-0277(94)90018-3
  5. Beck A.T., Wright F.D., Newman C.F., et al. Cognitive therapy of substance abuse. New York: The Guilford Press, 1993. 354 p.
  6. Berg E.A. A simple objective technique for measuring flexibility in thinking. The Journal of General Psychology, 1948. Vol. 39 (1), pp. 15—22. DOI:10.1080/0022130 9.1948.9918159
  7. Billieux J., Van der Linden M., Khazaal Y., et al. Trait gambling cognitions predict near-miss experiences and persistence in laboratory slot machine gambling. British Journal of Psychology, 2011. Vol. 103 (3), pp. 412—427. DOI:10.1111/j.2044- 8295.2011.02083.x
  8. Brevers D., Bechara A., Cleeremans A., et al. Iowa Gambling Task (IGT): Twenty years after — gambling disorder and IGT [Elektronnyi resurs]. Frontiers in Psychology, 2013. Vol. 4. Available at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/ fpsyg.2013.00665/full (Accessed 20.01.2020). DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00665
  9. Brevers D., Noël X. Pathological gambling and the loss of willpower: A neurocognitive perspective [Elektronnyi resurs]. Socioaffective Neuroscience & Psychology, 2013. Vol. 3 (1). Available at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3402/snp. v3i0.21592 (Accessed 10.02.2020). DOI:10.3402/snp.v3i0.21592
  10. Calado F., Alexandre J., Griffiths M.D. How coping styles, cognitive distortions, and attachment predict problem gambling among adolescents and young adults. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 2017. Vol. 6 (4), pp. 648—657. DOI:10.1556/2006.6.2017.068
  11. Calado F., Griffiths M.D. Problem gambling worldwide: An update and systematic review of empirical research (2000—2015). Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 2016. Vol. 5 (4), pp. 592—613. DOI:10.1556/2006.5.2016.073
  12. Challet-Bouju G., Bruneau M., Victorri-Vigneau C., et al. Cognitive remediation interventions for gambling disorder: A systematic review [Elektronnyi resurs]. Frontiers in Psychology, 2017. Vol. 8. Available at: https://www.frontiersin.org/ articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01961/full (Accessed 17.01.2020). DOI:10.3389/ fpsyg.2017.01961
  13. Ciccarelli M., Griffiths M.D., Nigro G., et al. Decision-making, cognitive distortions and alcohol use in adolescent problem and non-problem gamblers: An experimental study. Journal of Gambling Studies, 2016. Vol. 32 (4), pp. 1203—1213. DOI:10.1007/s10899-016-9597-7
  14. Ciccarelli M., Griffiths M.D., Nigro G., et al. Decision making, cognitive distortions and emotional distress: A comparison between pathological gamblers and healthy controls. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 2017. Vol. 54, pp. 204—210. DOI:10.1016/j.jbtep.2016.08.012
  15. Clark L. Decision-making during gambling: an integration of cognitive and psychobiological approaches. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2010. Vol. 365 (1538), pp. 319—330. DOI:10.1098/rstb.2009.0147
  16. Clark L. Disordered gambling: The evolving concept of behavioral addiction. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2014. Vol. 1327 (1), pp. 46—61. DOI:10.1111/ nyas.12558
  17. Clark L., Averbeck B., Payer D., et al. Pathological Choice: The neuroscience of gambling and gambling addiction. Journal of Neuroscience, 2013. Vol. 33 (45), pp. 17617—17623. DOI:10.1523/jneurosci.3231-13.2013
  18. Cosenza M., Ciccarelli M., Nigro G. Decision-making styles, negative affectivity, and cognitive distortions in adolescent gambling. Journal of Gambling Studies, 2019. Vol. 35 (2), pp. 517—531. DOI:10.1007/s10899-018-9790-y
  19. Cowlishaw S., MerkourisS., Dowling N., et al. Psychological therapies for pathological and problem gambling [Elektronnyi resurs]. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2012. Available at: https://www.cochranelibrary.com/ cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD008937.pub2/full (Accessed 17.01.2020). DOI:10.1002/14651858.cd008937.pub2
  20. Delfabbro P. The stubborn logic of regular gamblers: Obstacles and dilemmas in cognitive gambling research. Journal of Gambling Studies, 2004. Vol. 20 (1), pp. 1—21. DOI:10.1023/b:jogs.0000016701.17146.d0
  21. Fauth-Bühler M., Mann K., Potenza M.N., et al. Pathological gambling: A review of the neurobiological evidence relevant for its classification as an addictive disorder. Addiction Biology, 2016. Vol. 22 (4), pp. 885—897. DOI:10.1111/adb.12378
  22. Forbush K.T., Shaw M., Graeber M.A., et al. Neuropsychological characteristics and personality traits in pathological gambling. CNS Spectrums, 2008. Vol. 13 (4), pp. 306—315. DOI:10.1017/s1092852900016424
  23. Fortune E.E., Goodie A.S. Cognitive distortions as a component and treatment focus of pathological gambling: A review. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 2012. Vol. 26 (2), pp. 298—310. DOI:10.1037/a0026422
  24. Gaboury A., Ladouceur R. Erroneous perceptions and gambling. Journal of Social Behavior & Personality, 1989. Vol. 4 (4), pp. 411—420.
  25. Goldstein R.Z., Volkow N.D. Dysfunction of the prefrontal cortex in addiction: Neuroimaging findings and clinical implications. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2011. Vol. 12 (11), pp. 652—669. DOI:10.1038/nrn3119
  26. Gooding P., Tarrier N. A systematic review and meta-analysis of cognitive-behavioural interventions to reduce problem gambling: Hedging our bets? Behaviour Research and Therapy, 2009. Vol. 47 (7), pp. 592—607. DOI:10.1016/j. brat.2009.04.002
  27. Goudriaan A.E., Oosterlaan J., De Beurs E., et al. Neurocognitive functions in pathological gambling: a comparison with alcohol dependence, Tourette syndrome and normal controls. Addiction, 2006. Vol. 101 (4), pp. 534—547. DOI:10.1111/ j.1360-0443.2006.01380.x
  28. Goudriaan A., Oosterlaan J., De Beurs E., et al. Psychophysiological determinants and concomitants of deficient decision making in pathological gamblers. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2006. Vol. 84 (3), pp. 231—239. DOI:10.1016/j. drugalcdep.2006.02.007
  29. Hamilton K.R., Potenza M.N. Relations among delay discounting, addictions, and money mismanagement: Implications and future directions. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 2012. Vol. 38 (1), pp. 30—42. DOI:10.3109/00952990.2 011.643978
  30. Hu X., Kleinschmidt H., Martin J.A., et al. A reduction in delay discounting by using episodic future imagination and the association with episodic memory capacity [Elektronnyi resurs]. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2017. Vol. 10. Available at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2016.00663/full (Accessed 01.02.2020). DOI:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00663
  31. Joukhador J., Maccallum F., Blaszczynski A., et al. Differences in cognitive distortions between problem and social gamblers. Psychological Reports, 2003. Vol. 92, pp. 1203—1214. DOI:10.2466/pr0.2003.92.3c.1203
  32. Lawrence A.J., Luty J., Bogdan N.A., et al. Problem gamblers share deficits in impulsive decision-making with alcohol-dependent individuals. Addiction, 2009. Vol. 104 (6), pp. 1006—1015. DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02533.x
  33. Ligneul R., Sescousse G., Barbalat G., et al. Shifted risk preferences in pathological gambling. Psychological Medicine, 2012. Vol. 43 (5), pp. 1059—1068. DOI:10.1017/ s0033291712001900
  34. Mann K., Fauth-Bühler M., Higuchi S., et al. Pathological gambling: A behavioral addiction. World Psychiatry, 2016. Vol. 15 (3), pp. 297—298. DOI:10.1002/ wps.20373
  35. Marazziti D., Catena Dell’Osso M., Ciro Conversano C., et al. Executive function abnormalities in pathological gamblers [Elektronnyi resurs]. Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health, 2008. Vol. 4 (1). Available at: https:// cpementalhealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1745-0179-4-7 (Accessed 01.02.2020). DOI:10.1186/1745-0179-4-7
  36. Marmurek H.H.C., Switzer J., D’Alvise J. Impulsivity, gambling cognitions, and the gambler’s fallacy in university students. Journal of Gambling Studies, 2013. Vol. 31 (1), pp. 197—210. DOI:10.1007/s10899-013-9421-6
  37. Maynard B.R., Wilson A.N., Labuzienski E., et al. Mindfulness-based approaches in the treatment of disordered gambling. Research on Social Work Practice, 2015. Vol. 28 (3), pp. 348—362. DOI:10.1177/1049731515606977
  38. Nigro G., Cosenza M., Ciccarelli M. The blurred future of adolescent gamblers: Impulsivity, time horizon, and emotional distress [Elektronnyi resurs]. Frontiers in Psychology, 2017. Vol. 8. Available at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/ fpsyg.2017.00486/full (Accessed 15.01.2020). DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00486
  39. Nigro G., Ciccarelli M., Cosenza M. The illusion of handy wins: Problem gambling, chasing, and affective decision-making. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2018. Vol. 225, pp. 256—259. DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.010
  40. Olsen V., Lugo R., Sütterlin S. The somatic marker theory in the context of addiction: Contributions to understanding development and maintenance. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 2015. Vol. 8, pp. 187—200 DOI:10.2147/prbm.s68695
  41. Orgaz C., Estévez A., Matute H. Pathological gamblers are more vulnerable to the illusion of control in a standard associative learning task [Elektronnyi resurs]. Frontiers in Psychology, 2013. Vol. 4. Available at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00306/full (Accessed 20.01.2020). DOI:10.3389/ fpsyg.2013.00306
  42. Paolini D., Leonardi C., Visani E., et al. The gambling disorder: Family styles and cognitive dimensions. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 2018. Vol. 22 (4), pp. 1066—1070. DOI:10.26355/eurrev_201802_14390
  43. Potenza M.N., Balodis I.M., Franco C.A., et al. Neurobiological considerations in understanding behavioral treatments for pathological gambling. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 2013. Vol. 27 (2), pp. 380—392. DOI:10.1037/a0032389
  44. Quintero G.C. A biopsychological review of gambling disorder. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 2016. Vol. 13, pp. 51—60. DOI:10.2147/ndt.s118818
  45. Raylu N., Oei T.P.S. The Gambling Related Cognitions Scale (GRCS): development, confirmatory factor validation and psychometric properties. Addiction, 2004. Vol. 99 (6), pp. 757—769. DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00753.x
  46. Shirk S.D., Kelly M.M., Kraus S.W., et al. Gambling-related cognitive distortions predict level of function among US veterans seeking treatment for gambling disorders. The American Journal on Addictions, 2018. Vol. 27 (2), pp. 108—115. DOI:10.1111/ajad.12685
  47. Shustov D.I, Merinov A.V., Tuchina O.D. Episcript transmission in families of alcohol-dependent men. Transactional Analysis Journal, 2016. Vol. 46 (1), pp. 13— 25. DOI:10.1177/0362153715615120
  48. Steenbergh T.A., Meyers A.W., May R.K., et al. Development and validation of the Gamblers’ Beliefs Questionnaire. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 2002. Vol. 16 (2), pp. 143—149. DOI:10.1037//0893-164x.16.2.143
  49. Stroop J.R. Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1935. Vol. 18 (6), pp. 643—662. DOI:10.1037/h0054651.
  50. Van Timmeren T., Daams J.G., van Holst R.J., et al. Compulsivity-related neurocognitive performance deficits in gambling disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2018. Vol. 84, pp. 204—217. DOI:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.11.022
  51. World Health Organization. The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders: Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1992. 362 p.
  52. World Health Organization. The ICD-11. International classification of diseases for mortality and morbidity statistics. Eleventh Revision. [Elektronnyi resurs]. Available at: https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en (Accessed 28.02.2020).
  53. Yakovenko I., Quigley L., Hemmelgarn B.R., et al. The efficacy of motivational interviewing for disordered gambling: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Addictive Behaviors, 2015. Vol. 43, pp. 72—82. DOI:10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.12.011

Information About the Authors

Tatyana V. Agibalova, Doctor of Medicine, Principal Researcher, Moscow Research and Practical Centre for Narcology of the Department of Public Health, Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1903-5265, e-mail: agibalovatv@mail.ru

Olga D. Tuchina, Researcher, Moscow Research and Practical Centre for Narcology of the Department of Public Health, Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0683-9080, e-mail: shtuchina@gmail.com

Oleg Z. Buzik, Doctor of Medicine, Associate Professor, Deputy Director for Research, Moscow Research and Practical Centre for Narcology of the Department of Public Health, Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9470-6781, e-mail: buzic58@bk.ru

Rodmonga K. Potapova, Doctor of Philology, Professor, Head of Institute of Applied and Mathematical Linguistics, Moscow State Linguistic University, Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7532-9156, e-mail: RKpotapova@yandex.ru

Vsevolod V. Potapov, Doctor of Philology, Senior Researcher, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8344-8673, e-mail: volikpotapov@gmail.com

Metrics

Views

Total: 822
Previous month: 26
Current month: 13

Downloads

Total: 348
Previous month: 5
Current month: 6