The effect of categorical perception of facial expressions: the diversity of manifestations

784

Abstract

The article considers the diversity of categorical perception effects on human emotional facial expressions. We define the methodological requirements to research the structure of perceptual space of emotional expressions. In the experimental series with the use of computer morphed transitions between all possible pairs of 7 basic emotions, three main patterns of transitional expressions were revealed: peak pattern (classic categorical effect), plateau and flat distribution (absence of categorical effect). The results of the study also show that the stability of the effect depends on the specific emotional content of the stimuli used.

General Information

Keywords: emotional expressions, categorical effect, ABX discrimination task, face perception, computer morphing

Journal rubric: Psychology of Perception

Article type: scientific article

For citation: Korolkova O.A., Zhegallo A.V. The effect of categorical perception of facial expressions: the diversity of manifestations. Eksperimental'naâ psihologiâ = Experimental Psychology (Russia), 2012. Vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 22–38. (In Russ., аbstr. in Engl.)

References

  1. Barabanschikov V. A. Vosprijatie vyrazhenij lica. M.: Izd. «Institut psihologii RAN», 2009.
  2. Barabanschikov V. A., Zhegallo A. V. Determinanty kategorial'nosti vosprijatija jekspressij lica // Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo oblastnogo universiteta. Serija «Psihologicheskie nauki». 2007. № 3. S. 82–93.
  3. Barabanschikov V. A., Zhegallo A. V., Hrisanfova L. A. Perceptogenez jekspressij lica // Obshenie i poznanie. M.: Izd. «Institut psihologii RAN», 2007. S. 44–83.
  4. Barabanschikov V. A, Zhegallo A. V., Hoze E. G. Psihofizika vosprijatija jekspressij lica v mikrointervalah vremeni // Sovremennaja psihofizika. M.: Izd. «Institut psihologii RAN», 2009. S. 189–216.
  5. Barabanschikov V. A., Hoze E. G. Konfigurativnye priznaki jekspressij spokojnogo lica // Jeksperimental'naja psihologija. 2012. T. 5. № 1. S. 45–68.
  6. Vundt V. Prostye chuvstva, affekty, nastroenija // Psihologija vosprijatij i jemocij / Pod red. Ju. B. Gippenrejter i M. V. Falikman. M.: CheRo, 2002.
  7. Diveev D. A., Hoze E. G. Sovremennye tehnologii transformacii izobrazhenij v izuchenii vosprijatija cheloveka po vyrazheniju ego lica // Jeksperimental'naja psihologija. 2009. T. 2. № 4. S. 101–110.
  8. Zhegallo A. V. Identifikacija jemocional'nyh sostojanij lica v mikrointervalah vremeni: Diss. ... kand. psihol. nauk. M., 2007.
  9. Zhegallo A. V. Jeffekt asimmetrii jekspozicij v posledovatel'noj diskriminacionnoj zadache // Tret'ja mezhdunarodnaja konferencija po kognitivnoj nauke. Tezisy dokladov. Moskva, 20–25 ijunja 2008 g. M.: Hudozhestvenno-izdatel'skij centr, 2008. T. 1. S. 266–267.
  10. Zhegallo A. V. Temperamental'nye prediktory kategorial'nosti vosprijatija jekspressij lica // Jeksperimental'naja psihologija. 2009. T. 2. № 3. S. 67–77.
  11. Izmajlov Ch. A., Korshunova S. G., Sokolov E. N. Sfericheskaja model' razlichenija jemocional'nyh vyrazhenij shematicheskogo lica cheloveka // Zhurnal vysshej nervnoj dejatel'nosti. 1999. T. 49. № 2. S. 186–199.
  12. Bimler D., Kirkland J. Categorical perception of facial expressions of emotion: Evidence from multidimensional scaling // Cognition & Emotion. 2001. V. 15. № 5. P. 633–658.
  13. Bimler D. L., Paramei G. V. Facial-expression affective attributes and their configural correlates: components and categories // Spanish Journal of Psychology. 2006. V. 9. № 1. P. 19–31.
  14. Calder A., Young A., Perrett D., Etcoff N., Rowland D. Categorical perception of morphed facial expressions // Visual Cognition. 1996. V. 3. P. 81–117.
  15. Cheal J. L., Rutherford M. D. Categorical perception of emotional facial expressions in preschoolers // Journal of Experimental Child Psychology. 2011. V. 110. № 3. P. 434–443.
  16. Darwin C. The expression of the emotions in man and animals. London: John Murray, 1872.
  17. Ekman P. Basic emotions // Handbook of Cognition and Emotion / Eds. T. Dalgleish, M. Power. Sussex, U.K.: John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 1999 a. P. 45–60.
  18. Ekman P. Facial expressions // Handbook of Cognition and Emotion / Eds. T. Dalgleish, M. Power. Sussex, U.K.: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 1999 b. P. 301–320.
  19. Ekman P. Pictures of facial affect. Oakland, CA: Paul Ekman, 1993 (www.paulekman.com).
  20. Etcoff N. L., Magee J. J. Categorical perception of facial expressions // Cognition. 1992. V. 44. P. 281–295.
  21. Fiorentini C., Viviani P. Perceiving facial expressions // Visual Cognition. 2009. V. 17. P. 373–411.
  22. de Gelder B., Teunisse J. P., Benson P. J. Categorical perception of facial expressions: categories and their internal structure // Cognition and Emotion. 1997. V. 11. № 1. P. 1–23.
  23. Goldstone R. L. Influences of categorization on perceptual discrimination // Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. 1994. V. 123. P. 178–200.
  24. Harnad S. Psychophysical and cognitive aspects of categorical perception: a critical overview // Categorical perception: the groundwork of cognition / Ed. S. Harnad. N Y: Cambridge University Press, 1990. P. 1–28.
  25. Hartendorp M. O., van der Stigchel S., Burnett H. G., Jellema T., Eilers P. H. C., Postma A. Categorical perception of morphed objects using a free-naming experiment // Visual Cognition. 2010. V. 18. № 9. P. 1320–1347.
  26. Herba C. M., Heining M., Young A. W., Browning M., Benson P. J., Phillips M. L., Gray J. A. Conscious and nonconscious discrimination of facial expressions // Visual Cognition. 2007. V. 15. № 1. P. 36–47.
  27. Huttenlocher J., Hedges L. V., Vevea J. L. Why do categories affect stimulus judgment? // Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. 2000. V. 129. P. 220–241.
  28. Jack R. E., Garrod O. G. B., Yu H., Caldara R., Schyns P. G. Facial expressions of emotion are not culturally universal // PNAS. 2012. V. 109. № 19. P. 7241–7244.
  29. Kotsoni E., de Haan M., Johnson M. H. Categorical perception of facial expressions by 7-month-old infants // Perception. 2001. V. 30. P. 1115–1125.
  30. Levin D. T., Beale J. M. Categorical perception occurs in newly learned faces, other-race faces, and inverted faces // Perception & Psychophysics. 2000. V. 62. № 2. P. 386–401.
  31. McCullough S., Emmorey K. Categorical perception of affective and linguistic facial expressions // Cognition. 2009. V. 110. № 2. P. 208–221.
  32. Osgood C. E. Dimensionality of the semantic space for communication via facial expressions // Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. 1966. V. 7. № 1. P. 1–30.
  33. Pastore R. E. Categorical perception: some psychophysical models // Categorical perception: the groundwork of cognition / Ed. S. Harnad. N Y: Cambridge University Press, 1990. P. 29–52.
  34. R Development Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing // R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Vienna, 2011 (www.R-project.org).
  35. Reisenzein R. Worum geht es in der Debatte um die Basisemotionen? // Kognitive und motivationale Aspekte der Motivation / Eds. F. Försterling, J. Stiensmeier-Pelster, L.-M. Silny. Göttingen: Hogrefe, 2000. P. 205–237.
  36. Roberson D., Damjanovic L., Pilling M. Categorical perception of facial expressions: Evidence for a «Category Adjustment» model // Memory & Cognition. 2007. V. 35. P. 1814–1829.
  37. Roberson D., Davidoff J. The categorical perception of colours and facial expressions: The effect of verbal interference // Memory & Cognition. 2000. V. 28. P. 977–986.
  38. Russell J. A. A circumplex model of affect // Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1980. V. 39. P. 1161–1178.
  39. Russell J. A. Is there universal recognition of emotion from facial expressions? A review of the cross-cultural studies // Psychological Bulletin. 1994. V. 115. № 1. P. 102–141.
  40. Schiano D. J., Ehrlich S. M., Sheridan K. Categorical imperative not: facial affect is perceived continuously // CHI 2004. N Y: ACM, 2004. P. 49–56.
  41. Suzuki A., Shibui S., Shigemasu K. Temporal characteristics of categorical perception of emotional facial expressions // Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, 2005. P. 1303–1308.
  42. Suzuki A., Hoshino T., Shigemasu K. Happiness is unique: A latent structure of emotion recognition traits revealed by statistical model comparison // Personality and Individual Differences. 2010. V. 48. № 2. P. 196–201.
  43. Teunisse J. P., de Gelder B. Impaired categorical perception of facial expressions in high-functioning adolescents with autism // Child Neuropsychology. 2001. V. 7. № 1. P. 1–14.
  44. Webster M. A., Kaping D., Mizokami Y., Duhamel P. Adaptation to natural facial categories // Nature. 2004. V. 428 (6982). P. 557–561.
  45. Woodworth R. S., Schlosberg H. Experimental Psychology. N Y: Holt, 1954.
  46. Young A., Rowland D., Calder A., Etcoff N., Seth A., Perrett D. Facial expression megamix // Cognition. 1997. V. 63. P. 271–313.

Information About the Authors

Olga A. Korolkova, PhD in Psychology, professor, Leading Research Associate, Institute of Experimental Psychology, Moscow State University of Psychology & Education, Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4814-7266, e-mail: olga.kurakova@gmail.com

Alexander V. Zhegallo, PhD in Psychology, Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Systems Research of the Psyche, Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Researcher at the Center for Experimental Psychology of MSUPE, Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5307-0083, e-mail: zhegalloav@ipran.ru

Metrics

Views

Total: 3176
Previous month: 9
Current month: 0

Downloads

Total: 784
Previous month: 3
Current month: 0