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Experimental Psychology (Russia)
2025. Vol. 18, no. 3, 67–84
doi:10.17759/exppsy.2025180305
ISSN: 2072-7593 / 2311-7036 (online)

Dynamics of mental structures regulating of mental states in the first half of the circadian rhythm

 
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Abstract

Context and relevance. The ability to manage mental states is an important factor for success in both academic and professional activities. The theoretical basis of the study is the concept of mental regulation of mental states that we are developing. Objective: to reveal the dynamics of the functional structures of mental regulation of mental states in the first half of the circadian cycle (the morning-evening range). Hypothesis. There are qualitative differences in the structure of the relationships between mental regulation indicators and typical mental states depending on the time of wakefulness. Methods and materials. The study was conducted in the current time intervals (morning, afternoon, evening), which coincided with the duration of the working day. Eighty people (M = 25.7 years, SD = 4.6, 59% women) took part in it. The study used standardized methods for diagnosing mental structures of self-regulation (reflexive, semantic, the I system), mental states, as well as the author's questionnaire to study the methods of self-regulation of states. In the author's questionnaire, which we used at the stage of collecting empirical data, the list of mental states included different classes of states — cognitive, functional and emotional. Results. Qualitative differences in the structures of mental regulation of mental states in the first half of the daily circadian rhythm have been established. In the morning hours, the leading indicators of mental regulation are the indicators of “locus of control life”, “life effectiveness” and the self-regulation method “self-control”. During the day, mental self-regulation is weakly expressed. In the evening, the indicators of mental regulation are uniformly included in the interaction with states, the leading position is occupied by the regulatory actions “water procedures”, “eating” and “listening to music”. Conclusions. In the first half of the circadian rhythm, mental self-regulation of mental states is most involved in the morning and evening hours; in the middle of the day, the involvement of mental self-regulation indicators in changes in mental states is insignificant.

General Information

Keywords: mental state, mental regulation, reflection, self-system, semantic structure, circadian rhythm

Journal rubric: Psychophysiology

Article type: scientific article

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/exppsy.2025180305

Funding. The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project number 23-18-00232, https://rscf.ru/project/23-18-00232/.

Received 25.03.2025

Revised 27.06.2025

Accepted

Published

For citation: Prokhorov, A.O., Valiullina, M.E., Yusupov, M.G. (2025). Dynamics of mental structures regulating of mental states in the first half of the circadian rhythm. Experimental Psychology (Russia), 18(3), 67–84. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17759/exppsy.2025180305

© Prokhorov A.O., Valiullina M.E., Yusupov M.G., 2025

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

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Information About the Authors

Alexander O. Prokhorov, Doctor of Psychology, Head of the Department of General Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8636-2576, e-mail: alprokhor1011@gmail.com

Marina E. Valiullina, Candidate of Science (Biology), Associate Professor of the Department of General Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5277-2761, e-mail: marinaval_63@mail.ru

Mark G. Yusupov, Candidate of Science (Psychology), Assistant Professor, Department of General Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9618-223X, e-mail: yusmark@yandex.ru

Contribution of the authors

Alexander O. Prokhorov — research idea; research planning; research supervision.

Marina E. Valiullina — data collection and analysis, application of statistical methods for data analysis; conducting empirical research.

Mark G. Yusupov — manuscript writing and design; research results visualization.

All authors participated in the discussion of the results and approved the final text of the manuscript.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethics statement

ritten informed consent to participate in this study was provided by respondents.

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