Features of Legal and Social Policy of Germany Regarding "Young Grown-ups" with Migrational Background

The article explains the concept of "young adults" from the point of view of law enforcement and social practices in Germany, designed to help and support this population in legally relevant situations, such as criminal justice, prevention of illegal behavior and criminal involvement, problems of social integration. We provide a characteristic of the social and psychological characteristics of this group of young people, allowing to include them in the system of juvenile justice. We present the data on the nature of the crime of young adults, including those with a migration background, and on the kinds of social control and legal sanctions against them. We present models and the specific experience of working in state, municipal and non-governmental organizations with young adults in need of re-socialization and further integration into society. The comparative aspect of this problem is considered from the standpoint of the Russian legal and social policy for young adults in conflict with the law.

1. Aruin S. E. Vzaimodeistvie obshchestvennykh organizatsii Germanii s munitsipal'nymi, zemel'nymi I federal'nymi institutami vlasti I biznes-strukturami v integratsii molodezhi iz chisla immigrantov [Interaction of public organizations of Germany with municipal, land and federal institutes of the power and business structures in youth integration from among immigrants] [Elektronnyiresurs]. Psikhologiya I pravo [Psychology and right], 2011, no. 3. Available at: https://psyjournals.ru/psyandlaw/2011/n3/46554.shtml (Accessed 10.08.2014)
2. Ivanova A.V. Podkhodygosudarstvaiobshchestva k reagirovaniyunapravonarusheniyanesovershennoletnikhiikhvliyanienaformirovanieirazvitietsennosteiismyslov, opredelyayushchikhpovedenielichnosti* [Elektronnyiresurs] [Approaches of the state and society to response to offenses of minors and their influence to formation and development of values and the meanings defining behavior of the personality]. Psikhologiya I pravo [Psychology and right], 2012, no. 4.Available at: https://psyjournals.ru/psyandlaw/2012/n4/56610.shtml (Accessed 02.08.2014).
3. Lukachek P. Sistema raboty cotsial'nykh sluzhb Germanii na primere Obshchei sotsial'noi sluzhby (OSS) [Elektronnyi resurs] [System of work of social services of Germany on the example of the General Social Service (GSS)]. Psikhologiya I pravo [Psychology and right], 2011, no. 3. Available at: https://psyjournals.ru/psyandlaw/2011/n3/46565.shtml (Accessed 02.08.2014)
4. Namsink E. V. Sovremennye internatsional'nye tekhnologii profilaktiki otklonenii v povedenii detei I podrostkov [Modern international technologies of prevention of deviations in behavior of children and teenagers ].Teoriya I praktika obrazovaniya v sovremennom mire: materialy III mezhdunar. nauch. konf. (g. Sankt-Peterburg, mai 2013 g.)[The theory and practice of education in the modern world: proceedings of the Third international scientific conference. Sankt-Peterburg, may 2013)]. Sankt-Peterburg: Publ. Renome, 2013, pp. 173–175.
5. Natsional'naya strategiya deistvii v interesakh detei na 2012–2017 g. (utv. Ukazom Prezidenta RF ot 1 iyunya 2012 g. N 761). Razdel VI. Sozdanie sistemy zashchity I obespecheniya prav i interesov detei I druzhestvennogo k rebenku pravosudiya.[National strategy of actions in interests of children for 2012-2017. Section VI. Creation of system of protection and ensuring the rights and interests of children and friendly justice to the child]. URL: http://base.garant.ru/70183566/ (Accessed: 02.08.2014).
6. Nod' A. Otvetstvennost' nesovershennoletnikh za sovershenie ugolovnogo prestupleniya v Germanii [Responsibility of minors for commission of a criminal offense in Germany]. URL: http://www.ruspravo.de/jugendstrafrecht.html (Accessed 11.17.2014)
7. Podushkina T.G., Milovanova E.A. Analiz printsipial'nykh otlichii sistemy pomoshchi nesovershennoletnim v Germanii I Rossii [Elektronnyi resurs]. [The analysis of fundamental differences of system of the help to the minors in Germany and Russia]. Psikhologiya I pravo [Psychology and right], 2012, no. 4. Available at: https://psyjournals.ru/psyandlaw/2012/n4/56614.shtml (Accessed 02.08.2014).
8. Pyutts E. Kratkoe vvedenie v praktiku nemetskogo ugolovnogo prava po delam nesovershennoletnikh i primeneniya aresta v zemle Severnyi Rein-Vestfaliya [Elektronnyi resurs]. [Short introduction in practice of the German criminal law for minors and arrest application in the earth Northern Rhine-Westphalia]. Psikhologiya i pravo [Psychology and right], 2012, no. 4. Available at: https://psyjournals.ru/psyandlaw/2012/n4/56615.shtml (Accessed 02.08.2014)
9. Rukovodyashchie printsipy OON dlya preduprezhdeniya prestupnosti sredi nesovershennoletnikh [The leading principles of the UN for the crime prevention among minors] [Er-Riyadskie printsipy]. Rezolyutsiya 45/112 General'noi Assambleiot 1 dekabrya 1990 g., pp. 5, 9, 10. URL: http://www.un.org/ru/documents/decl_conv/conventions/juveniles_deinquency_prevention.shtml# (Accessed 22.07.2014).
10. Chirkina R.V., Aruin S.E. Resursy sotsializatsii detei i podrostkov iz semei russkoyazychnykh migrantov v Germanii.[Resources of socialization of children and teenagers from families of Russian-speaking migrants in Germany].[Elektronnyi resurs] Psikhologicheskaya nauka I obrazovanie PSYEDU.ru [Psychological Science and Education PSYEDU.ru], 2013, no. 3, pp. 138-148. Available at: http://psyedu.ru/journal/2013/3/3414.phtml (Accessed 22.07.2014).
11. Karnozova L.Reaction to the Juvenile Offences in the Russian Federation./ 3rd International Crime and Punishment Film Festival (Istambul, 13-19 September 2013). In Adem Sözüer (ed.) Juvenal Justice. Academic Papers. Istambul, 2013, pp. 403–428.
12. Kasper Thomas. Migration und Delinquenz- Einführung in das Thema – Diplomarbeitan der Fachhochschule Neubrandenburg, Studiengang Soziale Arbeitim WS 2011/2012, URN: urn:nbn:de:gbv:519-thesis 2011-0399-0, URL: http://digibib.hs-nb.de/file/dbhsnb_derivate_0000001092/Diplomarbeit-Kasper-2011.pdf. (Accessed 22.07.2014).
13. Keilani F. Junge Intensivtäter bleiben auch als Erwachsenekriminell. Der Tagesspiegel, Berlin, 04.03.2010. URL: http://www.tagesspiegel.de/berlin/kriminalitaet-junge-intensivtaeter-bleiben-auch-als-erwachsene-kriminell/1712318.html# (Accessed 22.07.2014).