Optimizing the System of Family Relations of Convicted Women in Places of Imprisonment through Psychological Intervention

The article describes the results of the conducted research of the attitude to family in women convicted for criminal violence against the members of their own families. A review was carried out of the scientific publications on this problem; a detailed structure of empirical and experimental studies is presented; the selection of psycho-diagnostic and psychological-remedial methods is substantiated. It was found that violent crimes are determined by psychological changes occurring in one's self-attitude and attitude towards one's family environment. Within the structure of family relations various subsystems, such as individual, one-generational and intergenerational are considered in combination with motivational-behavioral, cognitive, emotional components. Based on the established structure of attitudes to family, several methods for psychological treatment have been suggested. These are implemented through the use of metaphoric cards of association. With the methods suggested the process of family relations optimization occurs owing to the influence on: 1) the cognitive processes, feelings and emotional experience evoked by real, imaginary or symbolic interactions with family members; 2) the incentives and regulators of family activity and 3) operational composition of intra-family activities.

1. Boujen M. Teorija semejnyh sistem Mjurreja Boujena: Osnovnye ponjatija, metody i klinicheskaja praktika [Theory of family systems Bowen Bowen: basic concepts, methods and clinical practice] / M. Boujen; A.Ja. Varga., K.Bejker (eds.). Moscow: Kogito-Centr, 2015. 496 p.
2. Varga A.Ja. Vvedenie v sistemnuju semejnuju psihoterapiju [Introduction to systemic family psychotherapy]. Moscow: Kogito-Centr, 2011. 184 p.
3. Vitaker K. Tancy s sem'ej. Semejnaja terapija: simvolicheskij podhod, osnovannyj na lichnostnom opyte [Dancing with the family. Family therapy: a symbolic approach based on personal experience] / K. Vitaker, V. Bamberri. Saint Petersburg: Piter, 2019. 224 p.
4. Ganishina I.S., Ushatikov A.I. Neblagopoluchnaja sem'ja i deviantnoe povedenie nesovershennoletnih [Dysfunctional family and deviant behavior of minors]. Moscow: Izdatel'stvo Moskovskogo psihologo-social'nogo instituta; Voronezh: Izdatel'stvo NPO «MODJeK», 2006. 288 p.
5. Ganishina I.S. Sem'ja neblagopoluchnaja [Dysfunctional family] // Prestuplenie i nakazanie ot «A» do «Ja» (slovar' po penitenciarnoj psihologii) [Crime and punishment from “A” to “Z” (dictionary of penitentiary psychology)] / D.V. Sochivko (eds.). Moscow: MPSI, 2009. 456 p.
6. Druzhinin V.N. Psihologija sem'I [Family psychology]. Saint Petersburg: Piter, 2012. 176 p.
7. Karabanova O.A. Psihologija semejnyh otnoshenij i osnovy semejnogo konsul'tirovanija [Psychology of family relations and the basics of family counseling]. Moscow: Gardariki, 2007. 320 p.
8. Kovalev S.V. Psihologija sovremennoj sem'I [Psychology of the modern family]. Saint Petersburg: Piter, 2008. 672 p.
9. Krajg G., Bokum D. Psihologija razvitija [Developmental Psychology]. Saint Petersburg: Piter, 2005. 940 p.
10. Molostvov A.V. Osobennosti samootnoshenija osuzhdennyh zhenshhin, otbyvajushhih nakazanie v vide lishenija svobody za nasil'stvennye prestuplenija, sovershennye v otnoshenii blizkih rodstvennikov [Features of self-attitude of convicted women serving sentences of imprisonment for violent crimes committed against close relatives]. Prikladnaja juridicheskaja psihologija=Applied Legal Psychology, 2010, no. 4, pp. 73-78.
11. Nasil'stvennaja prestupnost' [Violent crimes] / V.N. Kudrjavcev, A.V. Naumov (eds.). Moscow: Spark, 1997. p. 58.
12. Olifirovich N.I. Psihologija semejnyh krizisov [Psychology of family crises] / N.I. Olifirovich, T.A. Zinkevich-Kuzemkina, T.F. Velenta. Saint-Petersburg: Rech', 2007. 360 p.
13. Osnovnye pokazateli dejatel'nosti ugolovno-ispolnitel'noj sistemy. [Key performance indicators of the penitentiary system]. Tver. 2019. 294 p.
14. Oficial'nyj sajt Federal'noj sluzhby ispolnenija nakazanij Rossii [Official site of the Federal Penal Service of Russia]. Moscow, 2003-2019. URL: http://fsin.su/ (Accessed: 06.06.2019).
15. Rakitskaja O.N., Morozova N.O. Ob jeffektivnosti psihokorrekcii otnoshenija k sem'e u zhenshhin, osuzhdennyh za prestuplenija nasil'stvennogo haraktera [On the effectiveness of psycho-correction of attitudes towards the family in women convicted of crimes of a violent nature]. Vestnik instituta: prestuplenie, nakazanie, ispravlenie=Institute Bulletin: crime, punishment, correction,  2014, no. 3 (27), pp.99—102.
16. Rakitskaja O.N., Morozova N.O. Otnoshenija v sem'e kak faktor sovershenija prestuplenij nasil'stvennogo haraktera [Family relations as a factor in the commission of violent crimes]. Vestnik instituta: prestuplenie, nakazanie, ispravlenie=Institute Bulletin: crime, punishment, correction, 2013, no. 1 (21), pp. 52—55.
17. Rakitskaja O.N. O vozmozhnostjah social'no-psihologicheskoj reabilitacii zhenshhin, osuzhdennyh za prestuplenija nasil'stvennogo haraktera [On the possibilities of socio-psychological rehabilitation of women convicted of crimes of a violent nature]. Vedomosti ugolovno-ispolnitel'noj sistemy=Bulletin of the penal system, 2014, no. 4, pp. 18—23.
18. Satir V. Vy i vasha sem'ja. Rukovodstvo po lichnostnomu rostu [You and your family. Guide to personal growth] / V. Satir; S. Rimskij (eds.). Moscow: Aprel' Press, Izd-vo Jeksmo, 2000. 320 p.
19. Sochivko D.V., Shhelkushkina E.A. Zhenshhiny-ubijcy: sravnitel'noe funkcional'no-psihodinamicheskoe issledovanie lichnosti [Female killers: a comparative functional-psychodynamic study of personality]. Moscow-Ryazan: Vysshaja shkola psihologii, 2016. 151 p.
20. Tolstaja S. V. Metaforicheskie associativnye karty v semejnom konsul'tirovanii [Metaphorical associative cards in family counseling]. Moscow: OOO «Variant» pri uchastii IP Shimanskogo A.G., 2018. p.36.
21. Celujko V.M. Psihologija sovremennoj sem'I [Psychology of the modern family]. Moscow: VLADOS-PRESS, 2004. 272 p.
22. Shnejder L.B. Semejnaja psihologija [Family psychology]. Moscow: Akademicheskij Proekt; Yekaterinburg: Delovaja kniga, 2006. 768 p.
23. Jejdemiller Je., Justickis V. Psihologija i psihoterapija sem'I [Psychology and family psychotherapy]. Saint-Petersburg: Piter, 2008. 672 p.
24. Jurasova E.N. Osnovy psihologii sem'i i semejnogo konsul'tirovanija [Basics of family psychology and family counseling] / E.N. Jurasova, L.G. Zhedunova, I.A Mozharovskaja, N.N. Posysoev; N.N. Posysoev (eds). Moscow: VLADOS-PRESS, 2004. 328 p.
25. Minuchin S. Family therapy techniques / S. Minuchin, H. Charles Fishman. USA: Harvard University Press, 2002. 303 p.