Model of Research of Social and Psychological Characteristics of Smoker Students

The article considers the problem of tobacco smoking from the standpoint of system analy-sis of personality’s social relations. The proposed model for studying of the psychosocial characteristics of smokers includes: socializing factors, socialization problems, description of socialization and psychosocial characteristics of tobacco smokers. The modelled system represents a dynamically unfolding character both in its biographical perspective and in its immediate actuality. The subsystem component is the subjects’ socialization starting from the early childhood in their families in communication with their mothers. The degrees of addiction to smoking are viewed as necessary components for analysis of social relations of smokers in their young adulthood. The sample for the study consisted of 374 individuals. The research techniques were the following: 1) unfinished sentence method; 2) observation of the subjects’ behavior and the statements they make; 3) “My family” mini-essays; 4) “Psychosocial characteristics of youth” questionnaire survey. The above-mentioned tech-niques were used to study the causes of socialization problems in the respondents, as well as their attitudes to themselves and to their surroundings. Student’s t-test was used to reveal the distinctions between the control and experimental groups (p<0.01; p<0.05). Tobacco smoking should be viewed both as a violation of standard, rule-based behavior in one’s ear-ly adulthood and as one’s behavior striving to pave a constructive way into the future.

1. Barnett R. Osmyslenie universiteta. In M.A. Gusakovsky (ed.), Obrazovanie v sovremennoi kul’ture. Al’manakh № 1. Minsk: Propilei, 2001. 128 p. (In Russ.).
2. Borodulin B.E., Amosova E.A., Povalyaeva L.V. Tabakokurenie sredi vrachei goroda Samary i studentov meditsinskogo vuza. Meditsinskii al’manakh = Medical Almanac, 2016, no. 4 (44), pp. 24-27. (In Russ.).
3. Bogdanovich N.V., Shetkina E.I., Borisova A.A., Shevtsova N.A., Moiseeva L.P. Osobennosti tsennostno-smyslovoi sfery u studentov v period obucheniya v vuze [Features of the Value-Semantic Sphere of Students in the Period of Study at the University] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Psikhologiya i parvo = Psychology and Law, 2019. Vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 232—249. doi:10.17759/psylaw.2019090216 (In Russ.).
4. Vokhmintseva L.V., Yuzenas T.P., Vanyunina V.V., Tereshchenkov A.Yu. Rasprostranennost’ tabakokureniya sredi studentov pervykh trekh kursov Novosibirskogo gosudarstvennogo meditsinskogo universiteta [The prevalence of tobacco smoking among students from 1th to 3th years of the Novosibirsk State Medical University]. Vestnik novykh meditsinskikh tekhnologii = Journal of New Medical Technologies, 2010. Vol. 27, no. 4. pp. 205—208. (In Russ.).
5. Gavrilov E.S. Kurenie v studencheskoi srede: rasprostranennost’, prichiny, motivy otkaza, vozmozhnosti profilaktiki (na primere studentov DVGMU). Molodoi uchenyi = Young Scientist, 2020, no. 26 (316), pp. 57—59. (In Russ.).
6. Gromova I.A., Olifirovich N.I. Osobennosti roditel’skoi sem’i u zavisimykh ot psikhoaktivnykh veshchestv [Peculiarities of the drug addicts’s parental family]. Yuzhno-rossiiskii zhurnal sotsial’nykh nauk = South-Russian Journal of Social Sciences, 2018. Vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 132—141. (In Russ.).
7. Grigoryeva A.A., Gavrichenkova A.A. Upotreblenie podrostkami psikhoaktivnykh veshchestv pri raznykh vidakh autoagressivnogo povedeniya [Use of Psychoactive Substances by Adolescents in Different Types of Auto-Aggressive Behaviour] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Psikhologiya i parvo= Psychology and Law, 2020. Vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 116—122. doi:10.17759/psylaw.2020100110 (In Russ.).
8. Zhuikova I.V. Individual’nye osobennosti lichnosti pri addiktivnom povedenii v yunosheskom vozraste [Individual personality characteristics of addictive behavior in adolescence] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Vestnik Kurganskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta = Bulletin of the Kurgan State University, 2017, no. 3, pp. 46—51. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/individualnye-osobennosti-lichnosti-pri-addiktivnom-povedenii-v-yunosheskom-vozraste/viewer (Accessed 21.03.2021). (In Russ.).
9. Ignatyeva E.A., Badertdinova A.R., Lipatova E.E. Opredelenie urovnya zavisimosti ot kureniya po Fagerstremu i tipa kuritel’nogo povedeniya po Khornu. Sovremennye problemy razvitiya fundamental’nykh i prikladnykh nauk: materialy mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii, 18 yanvarya 2016. Praha: Printing house, 2016, pp. 90—95. (In Russ.).
10. Kozlov V.A., Golenkova V.A., Deomidov E.S. Nikotinovaya zavisimost’ u studentov vuzov [Nicotine dependence in university students]. Acta Medica Eurasica, 2016, no. 2, pp. 12—16. (In Russ.).
11. Kuzminov N.N., Kobzev E.A. Lichnost’ i cherty kharaktera kuril’shchikov v yunosheskom vozraste [Personality and character features of smokers in adolescence] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Problemy sovremennogo obrazovaniya = Problems of Modern Education, 2018, no. 4, pp. 62—69. URL: http://pmedu.ru/images/2018-4/06.pdf (Accessed 03.07.2021). (In Russ.).
12. Kobzev E.A. Psikhologiya otnoshenii v sem’e yunoshei i devushek, zavisimykh ot tabakokureniya [Psychology of relations in the family of boys and girls dependent on smoking] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo oblastnogo universiteta. Seriya: Psikhologicheskie nauki = Bulletin of the Moscow Region State University. Series: Psychology, 2018б no. 2, pp. 74—85. doi:10.18384/2310-7235-2018-2-74-85 (In Russ.).
13. Maksimenko A.A., Pichugina E.G. Sotsial’no-psikhologicheskie faktory, sposobstvuyushchie i prepyatstvuyushchie pervichnomu otkazu ot tabakokureniya (na primere issledovaniya kuryashchikh devushek) [Social and psychological incentives and obstacles to young females’ first giving up smoking: a case study] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Znanie. Ponimanie. Umenie = Knowledge. Understanding. Skill, 2016, no. 2, pp. 267—276. doi:10.17805/zpu.2016.2.24 (In Russ.).
14. Meadows D. H. Azbuka sistemnogo myshleniya [Thinking in Systems. A Primer]. Moscow: Mann, Ivanov i Ferber, 2018. 282 p. (In Russ.).
15. Milekhin A.V. Problema sotsializatsii starshikh shkol’nikov v usloviyakh sovremennogo obrazovaniya [Problem of elder pupils’ socialization in conditions of modern education] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Psikhologicheskaya nauka i obrazovanie = Psychological Science and Education, 2011. Vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 1—15. URL: https://psyjournals.ru/psyedu_ru/2011/n3/47078.shtml (Accessed 03.03.2021). (In Russ.).
16. Minchuk O.V., Parsheva E.A. Sotsial’no-psikhologicheskie aspekty tabakokureniya studencheskoi molodezhi. Molodoi uchenyi = Young Scientist, 2016, no. 21 (125), pp. 786—789. (In Russ.).
17. Mihaelyan E.E. Sotsializatsiya deviantnogo povedeniya lichnosti [Socialization of deviant behavior of personality] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Teoriya i praktika obshchestvennogo razvitiya = Theory and Practice of Social Development, 2011, no. 7, pp. 60—63. URL: http://teoria-practica.ru/rus/files/arhiv_zhurnala/2011/7/sоciоlоgiyа/mihaelyan.pdf (Accessed 03.07.2021). (In Russ.).
18. Mokina N.A., Berezin I.I., Sakharova G.M., Antonov N.S. Otsenka rasprostranennosti i statusa tabakokureniya sredi samarskikh studentov [Estimation of prevalence and tobacco smoking among Samara students] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Pul’monologiya = Pulmonologiya, 2012, no. 3, pp. 55—58. doi: 10.18093/0869-0189-2012-0-3-55-58 (In Russ.).
19. May R. Ranenyi tselitel’ [The Wounded Healer] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Moskovskii psikhoterapevticheskii zhurnal = Moscow Psychotherapeutic Journal, 1997, no. 2, pp. 90—95. URL: https://psyjournals.ru/files/24043/mpj_1997_n2_May.pdf (Accessed 25.05.2020). (In Russ.).
20. O’Connor J., McDermott I. Iskusstvo sistemnogo myshleniya: Neobkhodimye znaniya o sistemakh i tvorcheskom podkhode k resheniyu problem [The art of systems thinking. Essential Skills for Creativity and Problem Solving]. Moscow: Al’pina Pablisher, 2019. 396 p. (In Russ.).
21. Reshetko S.A. Obzor sotsial’no-psikhologicheskikh issledovanii problemy tabakokureniya [Socio-psychological research on the problem of tobacco smoking] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Mezhdunarodnyi nauchno-issledovatel’skii zhurnal = International Research Journal, 2017, no. 6-1 (60), pp. 142—144. doi:10.23670/IRJ.2017.60.057 (In Russ.).
22. Stepanova, O.P., Slepukhina, G.V., Bezenkova, T.A. Psikhologicheskie osobennosti lyudei, zavisimykh ot psikhoaktivnykh veshchestv [Psychological features of people dependent on psychoactive substances]. Azimut nauchnykh issledovanii: pedagogika i psikhologiya = Azimuth of Scientific Research: Pedagogy and Psychology, 2018. Vol. 7, no. 4 (25), pp. 355—357. (In Russ.).
23. Khamitova I.Yu. Teoriya semeinykh sistem Myurreya Bouena [Elektronnyi resurs]. Zhurnal prakticheskoi psikhologii i psikhoanaliza = Journal of Practical Psychology and Psychoanalysis, 2001, no. 1-2. URL: https://psyjournal.ru/articles/teoriya-semeynyh-sistem-myurreya-bouena-0 (Accessed 20.10.2021). (In Russ.).
24. Shpilrein S.N. Destruktsiya kak prichina stanovleniya [Elektronnyi resurs]. Logos = Logos Journal, 1994, no. 5, pp. 207—238. URL: https://logosjournal.ru/upload/iblock/aa7/Логос%20 №5%20[1994].pdf (Accessed 20.10.2021). (In Russ.).
25. Dubin R. Deviant behavior and social structure: Continuities in social theory. American Sociological Review, 1959. Vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 147—164. doi:10.2307/208942625.
26. McGee C. E. et al. Effect of a sport-for-health intervention (SmokeFree Sports) on smoking-related intentions and cognitions among 9—10 year old primary school children: a controlled trial. BMC Public Health, 2016, Vol. 1, no. 16, p. 445. doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-3048-3
27. Khoddam R., Doran N. Family smoking history moderates the effect of expectancies on smoking initiation in college students. Addictive Behaviors, 2013. Vol. 38, no. 8, pp. 2384—2387. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.03.012
28. Kramchenkova V., Khomulenko Т. Interaction between parents and adolescents in families with tobacco addiction. Science and Education, 2018, Issue 1, pp. 77—82. doi:10.24195/2414-4665-2018-1-11
29. Park S. H. el al. Patterns of electronic cigarette use and level of psychological distress. PLOS ONE, 2017, March 9, pp. 1—13. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0173625
30. Menat W. et al. Social and Psychological Predictors of Initial Cigarette Smoking Experience: A Survey in Male College Students. American Journal of Men’s Health, 2016, Vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 14—23. doi: 10.1177/1557988314553262
31. Tully L. K., Correa J. B., Doran N. The relationship between family history of tobacco use and progression to tobacco use among young adult e-cigarette users. Preventive Medicine Reports, 2019. Vol. 15. 100914. doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.100914