Protecting children's rights in the face of modern threats: challenges and strategies (based on the Republic of Dagestan)

Context and relevance. The article examines current problems of protecting children's rights in the context of modern threats and challenges. Objective. The aim of the study is to analyze the current state of the children's rights protection system, identify the main threats and challenges to childhood in modern society, and develop effective strategies to counter modern threats to childhood. Special attention is paid to analyzing the practical experience of the Republic of Dagestan in the field of child protection. Hypothesis. The article proposes comprehensive approaches to improving the child protection system, including those taking into account regional specifics. These include: the creation of a system of prevention and early detection of threats, the creation of a system of interdepartmental interaction, raising awareness and legal literacy of children and parents, information support, the integration of traditional and modern mechanisms for the protection of children, specialized programs for rural areas, etc., as well as the adoption of the federal law "On the system of comprehensive protection of children's rights in the context of modern threats." Methods and materials. The study utilized the following methods: theoretical and legal analysis of regulatory legal acts, statistical monitoring of data from Rosstat, the Children's Rights Commissioner of the Republic of Dagestan, and guardianship authorities, as well as sociological surveys of parents and children. To assess the effectiveness of regional programs, comparative analysis methods ("Family and Children of Dagestan," "School Mediation"), expert interviews, and modeling of conceptual proposals for improving the child rights protection system were used. The study was based on regulatory legal acts, official statistics, and sociological research: results of surveys of parents and children (based on materials from regional studies), expert opinions (materials from working meetings of the Commission on Minors' Affairs, interviews with the Ombudsman for Children's Rights), publications in the media and scientific journals. Results. The study reveals shortcomings in the child rights protection mechanism, primarily due to weak interagency cooperation and insufficient legal awareness among families. Conclusions. The study identified both successful child support practices based on regional specifics and systemic problems such as social orphanhood, educational inequality, and legal nihilism among parents, including regarding legal aspects of upbringing, etc.

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