Russian Adaptation of the ProQOL (Professional Quality of Life) Scale by B. Stamm

This paper presents a Russian adaptation of the ProQOL (Professional Quality of Life) scale by Stamm. This questionnaire assesses the positive and negative aspects of professional quality of life in people who work as helpers (compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue). The Russian version of ProQOL was tested on the sample of counseling psychologists (N=304, 84% female) aged from 22 to 66 years (M=39, SD=8) with counselling experience from 1 to 29 years (M=6.9, SD=6.5). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis showed that the Russian version of ProQOL has a four-factor structure: job satisfaction, occupational satisfaction, secondary trauma, and burnout. Based on the correlations between the primary scales, it is proposed to calculate also the scores on the second-order scales, compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue. Internal consistency of the primary scales ranges from 0.71 to 0.80, and internal consistency of the second-order scales is equal to 0.85 and 0.80 respectively. Oc- cupational satisfaction correlates negatively with burnout (r=–0.51, p<0.001) and secondary trauma (r=–0.31, p<0.001). Job satisfaction correlates negatively with burnout (r=–0.26, p<0.01) but does not correlate with secondary trauma (r=–0.04). The association between professional effectiveness and professional quality of life in novice counselors (N=54) was also analyzed. It was found that counsellors’ self-efficacy while working with a client’s request correlates positively with their compassion satisfaction (r=0.37, p<0.01) and negatively with their burnout (r=–0.46, p<0.001).

Adams, S., Camarillo, C., Lewis, S., McNish, N. (2010). Resiliency training for medical professionals. U. S. Army Medical Department Journal, 2, 48–55.

Arrows, T. (2018). Validation of the professional quality of life model among correctional officers. Doctoral Dissertations and Projects. Available at: https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/doctoral/1761 (accessed: 18.09.2022).

Bogomolov, V. A., Pavlovskii, A. I., Dmitrievskii, P. V. (2015). The Session Rating Scale (SRS): A tool for client evaluation of the therapeutic alliance in psychological counseling. Semeinaia psikhologiia i semeinaia terapiia, 2, 57–64. (In Russian)

Brown, T. A. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. New York: The Guilford Press.Center for Victims of Torture (CVT) (2021). ProQOL Health manual. Available at: https://proqol.org/pro-qol-health-manual (accessed: 18.09.2022).

Duncan, B., Miller, S., Sparks, J., Claud, D., Reynolds, L., Brown, J., Johnson, L. (2003). The Session Rating Scale: Preliminary psychometric properties of a “working” alliance measure. Journal of Brief Therapy, 3 (1), 3–12.

Galiana, L., Oliver, A., Arena, F., De Simone, G., Tomás, J. M., Vidal-Blanco, G., Muñoz-Martínez, I., Sansó, N. (2020). Development and validation of the short Professional Quality of Life scale based on versions IV and V of the Professional Quality of Life scale. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 18 (1), article 364. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-020-01618-3

Geoffrion, S., Lamothe, J., Morizot, J., Giguère, C.-É. (2019). Construct validity of the Professional Quality of Life (ProQoL) scale in a sample of child protection workers. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 32 (4), 566–576. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.22410

Hagan, J. L. (2019). Psychometric evaluation of the ProQOL Version 5 for assessing compassion satisfaction, burnout and secondary traumatic stress in nurses. International Journal of Studies in Nursing, 4 (3), 60–70. https://doi.org/10.20849/ijsn.v4i3.620

Hemsworth, D., Baregheh, A., Aoun, S., Hegney, D., Kazanjian, A. (2018). A critical enquiry into the psy-chometric properties of the Professional Quality of Life scale (ProQol-5) instrument. Applied Nursing Research, 39, 81–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2017.09.006

Heritage, B., Rees, C. S., Hegney, D. G. (2018). The ProQOL-21: A revised version of the Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) scale based on Rasch analysis. PLoS ONE, 13 (2), e0193478. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193478

Hou, T., Zhang, T., Cai, W., Song, X., Chen, A., Deng, G., Ni, C. (2020). Social support and mental health among health care workers during Coronavirus Disease 2019 outbreak: A moderated mediation model. PLoS ONE, 15 (5), e0233831. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233831

Ivanova, T. Yu., Rasskazova, E. I., Osin, E. N. (2012). Structure and diagnostic of job satisfaction: development and approbation. Organizatsionnaia psikhologiia, 2 (3), 2–15. (In Russian)

Jurado, M. D. M. M., Pérez-Fuentes, M. D. C., Atria, L., Ruiz, N. F. O., Linares, J. J. G. (2019). Burnout, perceived efficacy, and job satisfaction: Perception of the educational context in high school teachers. BioMed Research International. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1021408

Keesler, J. M., Fukui, S. (2020). Factor structure of the Professional Quality of Life scale among direct support professionals: Factorial validity and scale reliability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 64 (9), 681–689. https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.12766

Kröger, C. (2020). Shattered social identity and moral injuries: Work-related conditions in health care professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 12 (S1), S156–S158. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000715

Leonova, A. B., Kapica, M. S. (2003). The functional state of a person. In: Ju. K. Strelkov (ed.). Praktikum po inzhenernoi psikhologii i ergonomike (pp. 136–167). Moscow, Akademiia Publ. (In Russian)

Linley, P. A., Joseph, S. (2007). Therapy work and therapists’ positive and negative well-being. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 26 (3), 385–403. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2007.26.3.385

Marks, M. (2016). Re-conceptualizing compassion fatigue: A confirmatory factor analysis. Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Available at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/5278 (accessed: 18.09.2022).

Maslach, С., Leiter, M. P. (2016). Understanding the burnout experience: recent research and its implications for psychiatry. World Psychiatry, 15 (2), 103–111. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20311

Nasledov, A. D. (2004). Mathematical methods of psychological research. Analysis and interpretation of data. St. Petersburg, Rech’ Publ. (In Russian)

Pankratova, A. A., Nikolaeva, M. E. (2022). Relationships between emotional intelligence, professional effectiveness, and professional quality of life in novice counseling psychologists. Psikhologo-pedagogicheskie issledovaniia, 14 (3), 21–37. https://doi.org/10.17759/psyedu.2022140302 (In Russian)

Ruisoto, P., Ramírez, M. R., García, P. A., Paladines-Costa, B., Vaca, S. L., Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2021). Social support mediates the effect of burnout on health in health care professionals. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.623587

Shortland, N., McGarry, P., Merizalde, J. (2020). Moral medical decision-making: Colliding sacred values in response to COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 12 (S1), S128–S130. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000612

Stamm, B. H. (2005). The ProQOL manual. Baltimore: Sidran Press.

Stamm, B. H. (2010). The concise ProQOL manual (2nd ed.). Available at: https://proqol.org/proqol-manual (accessed: 18.09.2022).

Vodop’janova, N. E., Starchenkova, E. S., Nasledov, A. D. (2013). The standardized questionnaire “Professional burnout” for specialists of socionomic professions. Vestnik of St. Petersburg University. Ser. 12. Psikhologiia. Sotsiologiia. Pedagogika, 4, 17–27. (In Russian)