Язык для Другого: конструирование культурно-исторической психолингвистики

Культурно-историческая психолингвистика рассматривает языковую деятельность в свете ее социальной и психологической функции, принимая во внимание соответствующие вербальные формы. Следовательно, язык рассматривается в рамках жизненной активности взаимно ориентированных личностей в определенных ситуациях и позициях, и не отделяем ни от этих личностей, ни от их деятельности. Такое понимание языка лежит в основе предложенной “психолингвистики различий” (Берто, 2011), во-первых, сконструированной посредством исторического и концептуального анализа, и, во-вторых, теоретически включающей результаты эмпирических исследований в различных областях языкознания. Цель настоящей статьи - представить главные элементы данной конструкции, поэтому мы представим их описание. В первую очередь, в статье рассматривается философия языка Гумбольдта и ее восприятие русскими лингвистами. Диалогичность языковых и мыслительных процессов - центральное понятие, которое было воспринято в Советском Союзе и разрабатывается в настоящее время в России несколькими мыслителями. Своеобразная языковая психология Выготского рассматривается в этом философском контексте, образуя основу для изучения связи между языком и мышлением. Используя в качестве основания философию языка Гумбольдта, русскую диалогическую лингвистику и культурно-историческую психологию, сформулированную Выготским, данная статья во второй своей части представляет теоретическую систему, рассматривающую язык как деятельность социально организованных и взаимно спозиционированных личностей.

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