Лекарственная терапия расстройств аутистического спектра у детей: опыт зарубежных психофармакологов ⁶¹³⁸

Ключевые слова: лекарственная терапия, аутизм, психофармакология

Тип: научная статья

За последние десятилетия число детей, страдающих расстройствами аутистического спектра (РАС), возрастает в катастрофических масштабах. Если около 30-ти лет назад частота встречаемости аутизма равнялась 1 на 10 000 (1), то в настоящее время исследования поражают выявляемыми данными: 1 на 110 детей в США [4], 1% общей популяции [32], 50 – 100 на 10 000 у наших авторов [3]. Роль улучшившейся диагностики аутизма не превышает 1/3 от общего увеличения его случаев [16]. Споры о том, целесообразна ли психофармакотерапия у детей с РАС, продолжаются. Если отечественная психиатрическая школа считает её необходимой и оправданной в большинстве случаев [1, 2, 3], то за рубежом существуют различные мнения на этот счёт. Тем не менее, от 35 до 50% детей с аутизмом в США и Канаде получают как минимум один психотропный препарат, а 50–70% – различные БАДы и «альтернативные» методы лечения [4]. У 74% детей используются новые, не одобренные FDA, препараты и средства [63].

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