Autism: Multidisciplinary Evaluation and Treatment. The LADDERS Model

Bauman M.L.

doi:10.17759/autdd.2020180303

Previous issue (2022. Vol. 20, no. 1)

Autism and Developmental Disorders

Publisher: Moscow State University of Psychology and Education

ISSN (printed version): 1994-1617

ISSN (online): 2413-4317

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/autdd

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published since 2003

Published quarterly

Free of fees
Open Access Journal

RU In Russian

Autism and Developmental Disorders
2020. Vol. 18, no. 3, 22–27
doi:10.17759/autdd.2020180303
ISSN: 1994-1617 / 2413-4317 (online)

Autism: Multidisciplinary Evaluation and Treatment. The LADDERS Model ⁴³¹

Bauman M.L.
MD, Associate Professor of Anatomy and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, USA
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3229-0458
e-mail: mbauman@bu.edu

PDF (ENG)

PDF (RUS)

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction, delayed and disordered communication skills and isolated areas of interest. There is a growing appreciation that ASD is more complex than previously appreciate and in many cases, involves multiple organ systems beyond the brain. Those affected require intensive therapeutic services as well as skilled medical diagnosis and supervision. This paper describes a multidisciplinary clinical model in which the many services and interventions needed by ASD patients can be provided in a single site, reducing fragmentation of care and providing skilled diagnostic care and ongoing supervision.

Keywords: autism, behavior, medical co-morbidities, coordinated care

Column: Comprehensive Support Models

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/autdd.2020180303

For Reference

Bauman M.L. Autism: Multidisciplinary Evaluation and Treatment. The LADDERS Model. Autizm i narušenie razvitiâ = Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2020. Vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 22–27. doi:10.17759/autdd.2020180303.

Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network / Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Web resource]. iSBN 978-0-89042-555-8. URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/addm.html (Accessed 31.08.2020).
Baio J., Wiggins L., Christensen D.L. et al. Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years — Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network. 11 sites, United States, 2014. Morbidity and mortality weekly report: Surveillance summaries, 2018, vol. 67, no. 6, pp. 1—23. DOI:10.15585/mmwr.ss6706al
Bauman M.L. Medical Comorbidities in Autism: Challenges to Diagnosis and Treatment. Neurotherapeutics, 2010, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 320—327. DOI: 1016/j.nurt.2010.06.001
Coury D.L., Murray D.S., Fedele A. et al. The Autism Treatment Network: Bringing Best Practices to All Children with Autism. Pediatrics, 2020, vol. 145, no. Supplement 1, pp. s13—s19. DOI: 10.1542/2019-1895D.
Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder: DSM-5. 5th edition. Arlington: Publ. American Psychiatric Publishing, 2013. ISBN 978-0-89042-555-8.
DiBari J.N., Azuine R.E., Linares D.E. et al. Maternal and Child Health Bureau’s Autism Research Program. Pediatrics, 2020, vol. 145, no. Supplement 1, pp. s5—s12. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2019-1895C
Jones W.E. The American Association of University Affiliated Programs. Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 1995, vol. 1, no.4, p ii. DOI: 10.1002/mrdd.1410010414.
Kanner L. Autistic disturbances of affective contact. Nervous Child. 1943: 2:217—250.
Lord C., Risi S., DiLavore P.S., Shulman C., Thurm A., Pickles A. Autism from 2 to 9 years of age. Archives of General Psychiatry, 2006, vol. 63, no. 6, pp. 694—701. DOI:10.1001/archpsy63.6.694
Newschaffer C.J., Croen L.A., Daniels J. et al. The epidemiology of autism spectrum disorders. Annual Review of Public Health, 2007, vol. 28, pp. 235—258. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pubhealth.28.021406.144007
Perrin J.M., Coury D.L., Klatka K. et al. The Autism Intervention Research Network on Physical Health and the Autism Speaks Autism Treatment Network. Pediatrics (suppl). 2016, vol. 137, no. Supplement 2, pp. s67—s71. DOI:10.1542/ peds.2015-2851D
Warren S.L. Implementation of the President’s Program on Mental Retardation. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 1964, no. 121, pp. 549—554. DOI:10.1176/ajp.121.6.549