Internet risks and parental mediation in younger schoolchildren: comparing the views of children and parents

 
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Abstract

Context and relevance. The Internet has become a daily environment for children’s development since early school age, but there is still little data on how children and their parents view Internet risks and parental mediation. Underestimating the real risks from adults makes it difficult to develop effective prevention programs. Objective. To compare the views of primary school children and their parents about Internet risks and the severity of parental mediation. Hypothesis. Primary school children and their parents perceive the main Internet risks and the severity of various types of parental mediation differently. Methods and materials. The study involved 24 3rd grade students from a Moscow school (M = 9.12 years) and 26 of their parents (M = 40,23 years). We used questionnaires for children and parents (online activity, Internet risks, parental mediation), as well as a short version of the “Digital Competence Index” by G.U. Soldatova and co-authors. Welch’s t criterion was used to compare mediation indicators, and Fisher’s exact criterion (p < 0.05) was used to compare Internet risk frequencies. Results. Children were significantly more likely than their parents to report encountering hate messages against groups of people and fraud/deception, as well as intimate messages and unwanted offers. Parents rated the severity of active, restrictive mediation and monitoring higher than it was reflected in the children's responses, while there were no differences in joint mediation. Conclusions. The hypothesis of a divergence of views between children and parents on Internet risks and parental mediation has been partially confirmed. Children are more likely to encounter aggressive and deceptive online content than parents assume, who overestimate the severity of their own regulatory strategies. It is recommended to focus psychological and pedagogical programs on the simultaneous development of children’s digital competence and raising parents’ awareness of the real range of Internet risks, as well as to involve schools more actively in the prevention of digital threats.

General Information

Keywords: Internet risks, digital competence, parental mediation, primary school age, prevention

Journal rubric: Axiological and Personality-Oriented Basis of Cooperation and Interaction of Educational Environment Subjects

Article type: research article

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/bppe.2026230304

Received 20.04.2026

Revised 23.06.2026

Accepted

Published

For citation: Bogdanovich, N.V., Kabardinskaya, E.V., Menshutina, E.A. (2026). Internet risks and parental mediation in younger schoolchildren: comparing the views of children and parents. Bulletin of Practical Psychology of Education, 23(3), 52–74. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17759/bppe.2026230304

© Bogdanovich N.V., Kabardinskaya E.V., Menshutina E.A., 2026

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

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Information About the Authors

Natalia V. Bogdanovich, Candidate of Science (Psychology), Docent, Associate Professor, Department of Legal Psychology and Law, Faculty of Legal Psychology, Moscow State University of Psychology & Education, Moscow, Russian Federation, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1507-9420, e-mail: bogdanovichnv@mgppu.ru

Elena V. Kabardinskaya, Teacher of the Highest Qualification Category, Teacher-Methodologist, Teacher of Additional Education, School No. 1315, Moscow, Russian Federation, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3876-4562, e-mail: kabardinka-76@mail.ru

Elena A. Menshutina, Teacher of the Highest Qualification Category, Teacher of Additional Education, School No. 1315, Moscow, Russian Federation, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8936-4867, e-mail: e.menshutina@yandex.ru

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