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Clinical Psychology and Special Education
2025. Vol. 14, no. 3, 166–183
doi:10.17759/cpse.2025140311
ISSN: 2304-0394 (online)

Comparative study of memory impairments in schizophrenia and psychoses induced by new psychoactive substances

 
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Abstract

Context and relevance. Diagnosis of endogenous and exogenous psychosis can be difficult, especially when the production symptoms occur. As a theoretical basis for the study was used modern neurocognitive concept regarding mental disorders in schizophrenia. Objective. Identification of specific memory disorders in acute psychosis induced by new psychoactive substances (NPS), compared to similar disorders in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Hypothesis. Memory disorders in psychotic states induced by new psychoactive substances (NPS) have a different structure and degree of expression than similar disorders in patients with schizophrenic spectrum disorders, which can be detected using the BACS. Methods and materials. The study involved 133 respondents in treatment in a psychiatric hospital (M = 31.3 years, SD = 7.57). To assess the state of memory, a Russian-language adaptation of the BACS (Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia) scale was used, validated on a domestic sample. Results. The study showed that patients with psychosis caused by new psychoactive substances have more pronounced impairments of working memory, while those with schizophrenia have a prevalence of speech-hearing problems. Conclusions. These differences suggest different neuropsychological organization of cognitive deficit in exogenous and endogenous psyches. The data obtained are important for the refinement of diagnostic criteria and the development of personalized cognitive rehabilitation programs.

General Information

Keywords: memory, schizophrenia, intoxicating psychosis, acute psychosis, cognitive dysfunction, new psychoactive substances

Journal rubric: Empirical Research

Article type: scientific article

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2025140311

Supplemental data. Datasets аvailable from https://doi.org/10.48612/MSUPE/p5b5-nx85-115b

Received 30.04.2025

Revised 24.07.2025

Accepted

Published

For citation: Alekseev, I.A., Shustov, A.D. (2025). Comparative study of memory impairments in schizophrenia and psychoses induced by new psychoactive substances. Clinical Psychology and Special Education, 14(3), 166–183. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2025140311

© Alekseev I.A., Shustov A.D., 2025

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

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Information About the Authors

Ilya A. Alekseev, Postgraduate Student, Department of Neuro- and Pathopsychology, Faculty of Psychology, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Moscow, Russian Federation, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2538-4869, e-mail: alexseev97@mail.ru

Alexander D. Shustov, LLC Hospitalnaya 10 , Moscow, Russian Federation, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4088-5109, e-mail: sashashustov777@mail.ru

Contribution of the authors

Ilya A. Alekseev — research ideas; annotating, writing and designing the manuscript; planning of the study, analysis and interpretation of the data of the study, their visualization.

Alexander D. Shustov — assistance in conducting experiments, observations, interviews, search for respondents, control of research.

All authors participated in the discussion of the results and approved the final text of the manuscript.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethics statement

The study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Moscow State University of Psychology and Education (report no 143-d-z, 2025/06/16).

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