The long-term effects of domestic violence against women and girls

4125

Abstract

The article is devoted to theoretical analysis of the impact of domestic violence against women and girls. In the first part of the work with reference to scientific sources and statistical data substantiates the urgency and practical significance to study this problem. Described the sociodemographic and psychological characteristics of families that use various kinds of violence. Provides an overview of domestic and foreign approaches and research focused on clinical, psychological and social consequences of domestic violence. The peculiarities of manifestation, the factors and dynamics of the delayed effects of domestic violence in women and girls. Showing the diversity arising post-traumatic reactions. The conclusion about the high latency of crimes within the family and the difficulties of identifying the effects of this type of offences. Indicates the need for interdisciplinary cooperation to improve the effectiveness of the prevention and rehabilitation of victims of domestic violence.

General Information

Keywords: domestic violence, sexual abuse, partner violence, women-victims of domestic violence, girls-victims of domestic violence.

Journal rubric: Legal Psychology of Childhood

Article type: scientific article

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2017070309

Funding. The study is supported by project of RFBR №16-06-00314

For citation: Kachaeva M.A., Dozortseva E.G., Borisenko E.V. The long-term effects of domestic violence against women and girls [Elektronnyi resurs]. Psikhologiya i pravo = Psychology and Law, 2017. Vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 110–126. DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2017070309. (In Russ., аbstr. in Engl.)

References

  1. Abramov N.K. Sem'ja i problemy «vnutrisemejnoj» zhestokosti [Family and the problem of "domestic" violence] // Agressija i zhestokost' [Aggression and violence]. Saint-Petersbourg: Publ. Piter, 2005. pp. 104–109.
  2. Alekseeva I.A., Novosel'skij I.G. Zhestokoe obrashhenie s rebenkom. Prichiny. Posledstvija. Pomoshh' [Cruelty to a child. Reasons. Consequences. Help]. Moscow: Publ. Genezis, 2010. 272 p.
  3. Badmaeva V.D. Klinika i sudebno-psihiatricheskoe znachenie psihogennyh rasstrojstv u detej i podrostkov – zhertv seksual'nogo nasilija: Diss. …kand. med. nauk. [Clinic and forensic psychiatric significance of psychogenic disorders in children and adolescents victims of sexual violence. Ph. D. (Medicine) Thesis] Moscow, 2003. 266 p.
  4. Badmaeva V.D. Posledstviya seksual'nogo nasiliya u detei i podrostkov [The consequences of sexual violence in children and adolescents]. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova [Journal of neurology and psychiatry named after S. S. Korsakov]. 2009. no. 12. pp. 34-37. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
  5. Badmaeva V.D., Dozorceva E.G., Chibisova I.A., Nuckova E.V. Psihicheskie rasstrojstva u detej i podrostkov, voznikajushhie v rezul'tate prestuplenij seksual'nogo haraktera (klinicheskie i kliniko-psihologicheskie aspekty) [Mental disorders in children and adolescents arising from sexual offences (clinical and clinical-psychological aspect)] // Rossijskij psihiatricheskij zhurnal. [Russian journal of psychiatry] 2014. no. 3. pp. 33–40. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
  6. Bastrykin A.I. Prestuplenija protiv nesovershennoletnih v internet-prostranstve: k voprosu o viktimologicheskoj profilaktike i ugolovno-pravovoj ocenke [Crimes against minors in the Internet space: the question of victimological prevention and criminal justice] // Vserossijskij kriminologicheskij zhurnal [Russian criminological journal]. 2017. Vol. 11. no. 1. pp. 5–12. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
  7. Vasil'chenko G.S. Obshhaja seksopatologija [Common sexual pathology]. Moscow: Publ. Medicina, 1977. 488 p.
  8. Gajamova S.Ju. Osobennosti samosoznanija podrostkov, podvergajushhihsja zhestokomu obrashheniju v sem'e: Diss. …kand. psihol. nauk. [Features of consciousness of adolescents who are abused in the family. Ph.D. (Psychology) Thesis] Moscow, 2012. 200 p.
  9. Grigovich I.N. Sindrom zhestokogo obrashhenija s rebenkom. Diagnostika. Pomoshh'. Preduprezhdenie [The syndrome of cruel treatment with the child. Diagnosis. Help. Warning]. Moscow: Publ. Nacional'nyj fond zashhity detej ot zhestokogo obrashhenija, 2012. 184 p.
  10. Gur'eva V.A., Morozova N.B. Ostrye affektivnye reakcii u nesovershennoletnih s psihogennym razvitiem lichnosti (klinika, diagnostika, sudebno-psihiatricheskaja ocenka): metod.rekomendacii [Acute affective responses in juveniles with psychogenic personality development (clinic, diagnostics, forensic-psychiatric assessment)]. Moscow: Publ. GNC SSP im. V.P. Serbskogo, 1990. 16 p.
  11. Dozorceva E.G. Somaticheskaja psihoterapija travmy u deviantnyh devochek-podrostkov [Somatic psychotherapy trauma in deviant adolescent girls] // Moskovskij psihoterapevticheskij zhurnal [Moscow psychotherapeutic magazine]. 2003. no. 1. pp. 81–91.
  12. Dozortseva E.G. Psikhologicheskaya travma u podrostkov s problemami v povedenii. Diagnostika i korrektsiya [Psychological trauma in adolescents with behavior problems. Diagnosis and correction]. Moscow: Publ. «Genezis», 2007. 128 p.
  13. Dozortseva E.G. Psikhicheskaya travma i sotsial'noe funktsionirovanie devochek-podrostkov s delinkventnym povedeniem [Mental trauma and the social functioning of adolescents with delinquent behavior] // Rossiiskii psikhiatricheskikh zhurnal [Russian journal of psychiatry]. 2006. no. 4. pp.12-16.  (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
  14. Zashhita detej ot nasilija i zhestokogo obrashhenija: rabochaja kniga / Pod red. E.N. Volkovoj, T.N. Balashovoj. N. [The protection of children from violence and abuse: workbook. In Volkova E.N., Balashova T.N. (ed.)]. Novgorod: Publ. OOO «Papirus», 2004. 165 p.
  15. Zdravomyslova E.M. Nasilie v sem'e i krizis tradicionnoj koncepcii vospitanija. Chelovek i sem'ja [Domestic violence and the crisis of the traditional concept of education]. Mat-ly nauch.-praktich. konf. “Chelovek I semya”. [Proceedings of scientific-practical conference "Man and family"] Moscow: Publ. Social'naja pedagogika, 2000. pp. 18–25.
  16. Zyrina A.I., Indejkina T.L. Predotvrashhenie zhestokogo obrashhenija s det'mi v sem'e: metod. Posobie [The prevention of cruelty to children in the family]. Perm': Publ. Resurs, 2009. 109 p.
  17. Il'ina S.V. Jemocional'nyj opyt nasilija i pogranichnaja lichnostnaja organizacija pri rasstrojstvah lichnosti: Diss… kand. psihol. nauk [The emotional experience of the violence and borderline personality organization in personality disorders. Ph.D. (Psychology) Thesis]. Moscow, 2000. 241 p.
  18. Kachaeva M.M., Dozortseva E.G., Kachnova N.A., Rusina V.V. Osobennosti psikhicheskikh rasstroistv i psikhologicheskikh problem u osuzhdennykh devochek-podrostkov, perenesshikh nasilie i sovershivshikh agressivnye pravonarusheniya [Features of mental disorders and psychological problems in convicted adolescent girls who have suffered violence and have committed aggressive offenses] // Sudebnaya psikhiatriya. Penitentsiarnaya psikhiatriya i psikhologiya [Forensic psychiatry. Penitentiary psychiatry and psychology]. In Dmitrieva T.B. (ed.) Moscow: Publ. FGU «GNT SSP Roszdrava», 2009. no.6. pp.123-137.
  19. Kachaeva M.M., Rusina V.V., Sat'yanova L.S. Kliniko-sotsial'nye faktory riska i sudebno-psikhiatricheskaya otsenka psikhicheskogo sostoyaniya zhenshchin, zhestoko obrashchavshikhsya so svoimi det'mi («izbivayushchie materi») Clinical and social risk factors and forensic psychiatric assessment of the mental state of women, treated brutally with their children ("mother-beating")]. Rossiiskii psikhiatricheskii zhurnal [Russian journal of psychiatry]. 2011. №2. pp. 25-30. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
  20. Kajuda G.P., Lukovceva Z.V., Gajamova S.Ju. Zhestokoe obrashhenie s nesovershennoletnimi: identifikacija i ocenka psihologicheskih posledstvij: metod. Posobie [The abuse of minors: identification and assessment of psychological consequences. Methodical manual]. Moscow: Publ. Sputnik+, 2007. 49 p.
  21. Kamenskov M.Ju., Badmaeva V.D., Dozorceva E.G., Chibisova I.A., Nuckova E.V. Kompleksnaja ocenka tjazhesti vreda zdorov'ju poterpevshih: sovremennoe sostojanie problemy [A comprehensive assessment of the severity of the injury victims: modern state of problem] // Rossijskij psihiatricheskij zhurnal [Russian journal of psychiatry]. 2015. no. 3. pp. 4–12. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
  22. Kovalev V.V. Psihiatrija detskogo i podrostkovogo vozrasta [Psychiatry of childhood and adolescence]. Moscow: Publ. Medicina. 1979. 608 p.
  23. Makushkin E.V., Badmaeva V.D., Dozorceva E.G., Oshevskij D.S., Chibisova I.A., Nuckova E.V. Kompleksnaja psihologo-psihiatricheskaja ocenka psihicheskogo sostojanija i osnovy social'no-medicinskogo soprovozhdenija detej, postradavshih ot seksual'nogo nasilija: metod. rekomendacii [Comprehensive psychological and psychiatric assessment of mental status and the Foundation for social and medical support of children victims of sexual violence: method. recommendations] // Psihicheskoe zdorov'e [Mental health]. 2013. Vol. 11. no. 10. pp. 3-10
  24. Malkina-Pykh I.G. Psikhologiya povedeniya zhertvy [The psychology of the victim's conduct]. Moscow: Publ. Eksmo, 2006. 1008 p.
  25. Margolina I.A., Proselkova M.E., Kozlovskaja G.V. Psihicheskie narushenija u detej rannego vozrasta, podvergshihsja zhestokomu obrashheniju [Mental disorders in children of early age, victims of abuse] // Zhurn. nevrologii i psihiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova [Journ. of neurology and psychiatry named after S. S. Korsakov]. 2002. Vol. 102. no. 5. pp. 54–56. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
  26. Masters U., Dzhonson V., Kolodni R. Osnovy seksologii [Basics of sexology]. Moscow: Publ. Mir, 1998. 721 p.
  27. Morozova N.B. Psihicheskie rasstrojstva u nesovershennoletnih – zhertv seksual'nogo nasilija (klinika, vozrastnye osobennosti, sudebno-psihiatricheskoe znachenie). Diss. … d-ra. med. Nauk [Mental disorders in minors – victims of sexual violence (the clinic, age particularities, judicial-psychiatric value). Dr. Sci. (Medicine) diss.]. Moscow, 1999. 339 p.
  28. Morozova M.V. Kompleksnaja sudebnaja psihologo-psihiatricheskaja jekspertiza sposobnosti maloletnih i nesovershennoletnih davat' pokazanija (Psihol. aspekt): diss. … kand. psihol. nauk [Complex judicial psihologo-psychiatric examination of minors and minors ' ability to testify (the Course of studies. aspect). Ph. D. (Psychology) Thesis]. Moscow, 1995. 205 p.
  29. Psihologija posttravmaticheskogo stressa. Ch. 1. Teorija i metody. Prakticheskoe rukovodstvo [Psychology post-traumatic stress. Part 1. Theory and methods. A practical guide] In Tarabrina N.V. (ed.). Moscow: Publ. Kogito-Centr, 2007. 208 p.
  30. Sinjagina N.Ju. Zhestokost' v sovremennyh sem'jah [Cruelty in modern families] // Besprizornik [Waif]. 2003. no. 2. pp. 21–24.
  31. Tarabrina N.V. Praktikum po psihologii posttravmaticheskogo stressa [Workshop on the psychology of post-traumatic stress]. Saint-Petersbourg: Publ. Piter, 2001. 272 p.
  32. Tkachenko A.A., Dvorjanchikov N.V., Dogadina M.A. Ontogeneticheskie mehanizmy formirovanija sposobnosti k vosprijatiju gendernyh kachestv u nesovershennoletnih zhertv seksual'nogo nasilija [Ontogenetic mechanisms of formation of ability to perceive the gender of juvenile sexual assault victims] // Rossijskij Psihiatricheskij Zhurnal [Russian Journal of psychiatry]. 1999. no. 2. pp. 13–18. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
  33. Trubicina L.V. Process travmy [The process of injury]. Moscow: Publ. Smysl, 2005. 218 p.
  34. Furmanov I.A., Furmanova N.V. Psikhologiya deprivirovannogo rebenka [Psychology deprivileging child]. Moscow: Publ. VLADOS, 2004. 319 p.
  35. Celujko V.M. Psihologija neblagopoluchnoj sem'i: kniga dlja pedagogov i roditelej [The psychology of the dysfunctional family: a book for teachers and parents]. Moscow: Publ. Vlados, 2003. 272 p.
  36. Tsygankov B.D., Tyuneva A.I., Bylim A.I. Psikhicheskie rasstroistva u zhertv nasiliya i ikh mediko-psikhologicheskaya korrektsiya [Mental disorders in victims of violence and their medical and psychological correction]. Moscow: Publ. Meditsina, 2006. 174 p.
  37. Shigashov D.Ju. Reabilitacija detej i podrostkov, postradavshih ot seksual'nogo nasilija [Rehabilitation of children and adolescents victims of sexual violence]. Saint-Petersbourg.: Publ. Nauka i tehnika, 2010. 240 p.
  38. Shostakovich B.V., Parfent'eva O.V. Sudebno-psihiatricheskaja jekspertiza nesovershennoletnih poterpevshih: metod. Rekomendacii [Forensic psychiatric examination of the minor victims]. Moscow: Publ. GNC SSP im. V.P. Serbskogo, 1977. 15p.
  39. Agnew-Blais J., Danese A. Childhood maltreatment and unfavorable clinical outcomes in bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis // The Lancet Psychiatry. 2016. Vol. 3. P. 342–349.
  40. Alexander P.C., Teti L., Anderson C.L. Childhood sexual abuse history and role reversal in parenting // Child Abuse Negl. 2000. Vol. 24. P. 829–38.
  41. Alexander P.C. and Lupfer S.L. Family characteristics and long-term consequences associated with sexual abuse // Archives of Sexual Behavior. 1987. Vol. 16. P. 235–245.
  42. Banyard V. Childhood maltreatment and the mental health of low-income women //American Journal of Orthopsychiatry. 1999. Vol. 69. P. 161–171.
  43. Cigno K. Helping to prevent abuse: A behavioval approach with families // V European Conference on Child Abuse and Neglect. 1995. P. 14.
  44. Cyr M, Wright J, McDuff P, Perron A. Intrafamilial sexual abuse: brother-sister incest does not differ from father-daughter and stepfather-stepdaughter incest // Child Abuse and Neglect. 2002. Vol. 26 (9). 957–73.
  45. Claussen A.H., Crittenden P.M. Physical and psychological maltreatment: Relations among types of maltreatment // Child Abuse and Neglect. 1991. Vol. 15. № 1/2. P. 5–18.
  46. Everson M., Hunter W., Runyon D., Edelsohn G. and Coulter M. Maternal support following disclosure of incest //American Journal of Otheropsychiatry. 1989. Vol. 59 (2). P. 197–207.
  47. Felitti V.J., Anda R.F., Nordenberg D., Williamson D.F., Spitz A.M., Edwards V. et al. Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading cause of death in adults: The adverse childhood experiences (ACE) study // American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 1998. Vol. 14(4). P. 245–258.
  48. Finkelhor D. Early and long-term effects of child sexual abuse: An update // Professional psychology. 1990. Vol. 21. P. 325–330.
  49. Finkelhor D., Ormrod R. et al. Re-victimization patterns in a national longitudinal sample of children and youth. //Child Abuse and Neglect. 2007. Vol. 31. P. 479-502.
  50. Garnefski, N., & Diekstra, R. F. (1997). Child sexual abuse and emotional and behavioral problems in adolescence: Gender differences. Journal of American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 36 , 323-9.
  51. Helzer J.E., Robins L.N., McEvoy L. Postraumatic stress disorder in the general population // New England Journal of Medicine. 1987. V. 317. P. 1630-1634.
  52. Herrenkohl E., Herrenkohl R. and Egolf B. Resilient early school-age children from maltreating homes: Outcomes in late adolescence // American Journal of Orthopsychiatry. 1994. Vol. 64 (2). P.301–309.
  53. Hooper C.A., Koprowska J. The vulnerabilities of children whose parents have been sexually abused in childhood – towards a new framework // British Journal of Social Work. 2004. Vol. 34. P. 65–180.
  54. Kempe C.H. et al. The Battered Child Syndrome // Journal of the American Medical Association. 1962. Vol. 181. P. 17–24.
  55. Kempe R., Kempe C.H. The common secret: sexual abuse of children and adolescent. N.Y.: W.H. Freeman, 1983. 428 p.
  56. Kendall-Tackett K.A., Williams L.M., Finkelhor D. Impact of sexual abuse on children: A review and synthesis of recent empirical studies // Psychological Bulletin. 1993. № 113.
  57. Klabunde M., Weems C.F., Raman M. The moderating effects of sex on insula subvision structure in youth with posttraumatic stress symptoms // Depression and Anxiety. 2016. Vol. 34. P. 51–58.
  58. Lim L., Radua J., Rubia K. Gray matter abnormalities in childhood maltreatment: a voxel-wise meta-analysis // American Journal of Psychiatry. 2014. Vol. 8. № 171. P. 1–10.
  59. Mannarino A.P., Cohen J.A. and Gregor M. Emotional and behavioral difficulties in sexually abused girls // Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 1989. Vol. 4. P. 437–451.
  60. Paradise J.E., Roset L., Sleeper L.A., Nathanson M. Behavior, family function, school performance and predictors of persistent disturbance in sexually abused children // Pediatrics. 1994. Vol. 93. P. 452–459.
  61. Putnam F. Ten year research update review: child sexual abuse // Journal of the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry. 2003. Vol. 42. P. 269–278.
  62. Ray K.C., Jackson J.L., TownsleyR.M. Family environments of victims of intrafamilial and extrafamilial child sexual abuse // Journal of Family Violence. 1991. Vol. 6. P. 365–374.
  63. Russel D. The incidence and prevalence of intrafamilial and extrafamilial sexual abuse in female children // Child Abuse &Negl. 1983. Vol. 7. P. 133–146.
  64. Seto M.C., Babehishin K.M., Pullman L.E. The puzzle of intrafamilial child sexual abuse: A meta-analysis comparing intrafamilial and extrafamilial offenders with child victims // Clinical psychology review. 2015. Vol. 39. P. 42-57.
  65. Simon V.A., Feiring C., Kobielski McElroy S. Making meaning of traumatic events: youths’ strategies for processing childhood sexual abuse are associated with psychosocial adjustment // Child Maltreatment. 2010. Vol 15. № 3. P. 229–241.
  66. Simpson T.L. Concomitance between childhood sexual and physical abuse and substance use problems. A review / T.L. Simpson, W.R. Miller // Clin. Psychol. Rev. 2002. Vol. 22. № 1. P. 27–77.
  67. Steel B.F., Pollock C.B. A Psychiatric study of parents who abuse infants and small children // R.E. Helfer, C.H. Kempe (Eds.). The battered child. Chicago: University Of Chicago Press, 1968. 560 p.
  68. Tsai M., Wagner N. Therapy groups for women sexually molested as children // Achives of Sexually Behaviour. 1978. Vol. 7. P. 417–429.
  69. Ullman S.E., Brecklin L.R. Sexual assault history and suicidal behavior in a national sample of women // Suicide and life threatening behavior. 2002. Vol. 32. P. 117–130.
  70. Van der Kolk B.A., McFarlane A.C., Weisaeth L. (editors). Traumatic Stress: the effects of overwhelming experience on mind, body and society. New York: Guilford Press, 1996. 367 p.
  71. Walker L.E. The battered woman. N.Y.: Harper and Row, 1979. 469 p.
  72. Zielinski D. Child maltreatment and adult socioeconomic well-being // Child Abuse and Neglect. 2009. Vol. 33. P. 666–678.

Information About the Authors

Margarita A. Kachaeva, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Chief Researcher, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7642-9829, e-mail: mkachaeva@mail.ru

Elena G. Dozortseva, Doctor of Psychology, Professor, Professor, Department of Legal Psychology and Law, Faculty of Legal Psychology, Moscow State University of Psychology & Education, Senior Researcher, Laboratory for Child and Adolescent Psychology, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation,Member of the editorial board of the scientific journal “Psychology and Law” member of the editorial board of the scientific journal “Psychological Science and Education”, Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1309-0485, e-mail: edozortseva@mail.ru

Elena V. Borisenko, PhD in Psychology, Senior Researcher, Department of Scientific and Methodological Support, Federal Resource Center for Psychological Service in the Education System, Moscow State University of Psychology & Education, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Psychology of Child and Adolescence, V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8864-1085, e-mail: nutskova@serbsky.ru

Metrics

Views

Total: 18382
Previous month: 201
Current month: 34

Downloads

Total: 4125
Previous month: 16
Current month: 2