The connection Between Emotional Intelligence, the Level of Loneliness and Characteristics of Attitudes Towards Parents in Adolescence

This article examines the connections between emotional intelligence, the level of loneliness and the characteristics of adolescents' relationships with their parents. Adolescence is characterized by significant emotional changes that affect adolescents' social relationships and self-esteem. The study is based on theoretical concepts of emotional intelligence, the phenomenon of loneliness and child-parent relationships, developed by both domestic and foreign psychologists. In the empirical part of the work, methods of psychodiagnostic research and correlation analysis were used to identify relationships between the parameters under study. The study involved 76 people aged 12 to 16 years. The results show that high levels of emotional intelligence in adolescents are associated with low levels of loneliness and positive relationships with parents. There is also a positive correlation between subjective feelings of loneliness and the hostility of both parents, and a negative correlation between subjective feelings of loneliness in adolescence and parents' positive interest in their children.

1. Andreeva I.N. Ob istorii razvitiya ponyatiya «emotsional'nyi intellekt» [On the history of the development of the concept of “emotional intelligence”]. Psychology issues, 2008. no.5. pp. 80-83 p. URL: http://epolotsk.com/psy/teksty/Andreeva_Vop_psy_2008.pdf (Accessed 09.08.2024). (In Russ.).
2. Andreeva I.N. Emotsional'nyi intellekt: issledovanie fenomena [Emotional intelligence: a study of the phenomenon]. Psychology issues, 2006. no.3. pp. 78-86 s. URL: https://andreeva.by/emocionalnyj-intellekt-issledovaniya-fenomena.html (Accessed 09.08.2024). (In Russ.).
3. Bariso Dzh. «EQ. Emotsional'nyi intellekt na praktike [Emotional intelligence in practice]. Moscow: Eksmo, 2019. 150 p. (In Russ.).
4. Barmina P.S., Nozikova N.V. Osobennosti mezhlichnostnykh otnoshenii i perezhivaniya odinochestva v yunosheskom vozraste v zavisimosti ot faktora pola. Eksperimental'naya psikhologiya. Moscow: FGBOU VO MGPPU Publ., 2023. Vol. 16. no 1. pp. 167—181. URL: https://psyjournals.ru/journals/exppsy/archive/2023_n1/Barmina_Nozikova (Accessed 09.08.2024). (In Russ.).
5. Vasserman L.I., Gor'kovaya I.A., Romitsyna E.E. Psikhologicheskaya metodika «Pod-rostki o roditelyakh» i ee prakticheskoe primenenie [Psychological technique “Teenagers about parents” and its practical application]. Saint Petersburg: «FARMIndex», 2001. 68 p. (In Russ.).
6. Vygotskii L.S. Voobrazhenie i tvorchestvo v detskom vozraste. Moscow: «Perspective», 2020. 121 p. (In Russ.).
7. Gagarin A.S. Homo Solus. Odinochestvo kak fenomen chelovecheskogo bytiya [Loneliness as a phenomenon of human existence]. Ratsio-nal'nost' irratsional'nogo. Ekaterinburg, 1991. pp. 77-109. (In Russ.).
8. Goulman D. Emotsional'nyi intellekt. Moscow: AST, 2013. 487 p. (In Russ.).
9. Dementii L.I., Koroteeva E.M. Odinochestvo podrostkov: fenomenologiya, faktory, tipologiya: monogr. Moscow: Direkt-Media, 2021. 32 p. (In Russ.).
10. Kolmogorova, L.S. Preodolenie perezhivaniya odinochestva: uchebno-metodicheskoe posobie. In L.S. Kolmogorova, E.A. Manakova (ed.). Barnaul: Pabl. AltGPU, 2015. 55 p. (In Russ.).
11. Dolginova, O.B. Odinochestvo i otchuzhdennost' v podrostkovom i yunosheskom voz-raste: Dis. k. psikhol. n. SPb., 1996. 166 p. (In Russ.).
12. Egorova U.G. Vzaimosvyaz' roditel'skogo otnosheniya i konfliktnosti podrostkov [The relationship between parental attitudes and conflict in adolescents]. Izvestiya Samarskogo nauchnogo tsentra Rossiiskoi akademii nauk, 2013. Vol. 15. no. 2. pp. 964-968. (In Russ.).
13. Elagina V.S., Reznik N.A. Osobennosti vzaimootnoshenii podrostkov s roditelyami [Peculiarities of relationships between adolescents and parents]. Pedagogika: istoriya, perspektivy, 2022. vol. 5, no. 4. pp. 13-22. (In Russ.).
14. Zababurina O.S. Osobennosti odinochestva v podrostkovom vozraste [Features of loneliness in adolescence]. Orlovskii gosudarstvennyi universitet im. I.S. Turgeneva, 2017. pp. 243-245. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/osobennosti-odinochestva-v-podrostkovom-vozraste (Accessed 09.08.2024). (In Russ.).
15. Ivanova E.S. Osobennosti emotsional'nogo intellekta v podrostkovom vozraste [Features of emotional intelligence in adolescence]. Obrazovanie i nauka. Izvestiya UrO RAO, 2011. no. 1. pp. 34-41. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/osobennosti-emotsionalnogo-intellekta-v-podrostkovom-vozraste-2 (Accessed 09.08.2024). (In Russ.).
16. Istratova O.N. Samostoyatel'nost' sovremennykh starsheklassnikov v uchebnoi deya-tel'nosti, otnosheniyakh s roditelyami i sverstnikami [Independence of modern high school students in educational activities, relationships with parents and peers]. Izvestiya Yuzhnogo federal'nogo universiteta. Pedagogicheskie nauki, 2013. no.7. pp. 68-76. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/otnosheniya-so-sverstnikami-u-starsheklassnikov-s-raznymi-strategiyami-vzaimodeystviya-s-roditelyami (Accessed 09.08.2024). (In Russ.).
17. Karabanova O.A. Psikhologiya semeinykh otnoshenii i osnovy semeinogo konsul'ti-rovaniya: Uchebnoe posobie. Moscow: Gardariki, 2005. 320 p. (In Russ.).
18. Karabanova O.A. Razvitie lichnostnoi avtonomii podrostkov v otnosheniyakh s rodi-telyami i sverstnikami [Development of personal autonomy of adolescents in relationships with parents and peers]. Vestnik Moskovskogo uni-versiteta. Seriya 14: Psikhologiya, 2011. no. 2. pp. 36-47. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/razvitie-lichnostnoy-avtonomii-podrostkov-v-otnosheniyah-s-roditelyami-i-sverstnikami (Accessed 09.08.2024). (In Russ.).
19. Karnatskaya N.V. Vliyanie sem'i na sotsializatsiyu podrostka [The influence of the family on the socialization of a teenager]. Nauchno-metodicheskii elektronnyi zhurnal «Kontsept», 2017. no. 8. pp. 61-70. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/vliyanie-semi-na-sotsializatsiyu-podrostka (Accessed 09.08.2024). (In Russ.).
20. Kirpikov A.R. Pozitivnye aspekty perezhivaniya odinochestva v podrostkovom voz-raste: Dis. k.psikhol.n. Moscow: Sense, 2002. 181 p. (In Russ.).
21. Konovalova A.M. Psikhologicheskoe soderzhanie uvazheniya k roditelyam v podrostko-vom vozraste: dis. … kand. psikhol. nauk. Moscow:  2017. 269 p. (In Russ.).
22. Kochetova Yu.A. Emotsional'nyi intellekt starshikh podrostkov: monografiya. Yu.A. Kochetova. Moscow: FGBOU VO MGPPU Publ., 2021. 104 p. (In Russ.).
23. Kurtiyan S.V. Odinochestvo kak sotsial'noe yavlenie: Dis. k. sotsiol. n. Moscow: 1995. 145 p. (In Russ.).
24. Leont'ev A.N. Deyatel'nost'. Soznanie. Lichnost'. 2005. 352 p. (In Russ.).
25. Lysogorskaya M.V. Tipy roditel'skoi sem'i i osobennosti vnutrilichnostnogo tsen-nostnogo konflikta u podrostkov: avtoref. dis. kand. psikhol. nauk: 19.00.05. [Tekst]. Yaroslavl', 2011. 23 p. (In Russ.).
26. Malysheva S.V. Osobennosti chuvstva odinochestva u podrostkov [Features of feelings of loneliness in adolescents]. Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Ser. 14. Psikhologiya, 2001. no.3. pp. 61-65. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/osobennosti-odinochestva-v-podrostkovom-vozraste (Accessed 09.08.2024). (In Russ.).
27. Mateev D.A. Tipologiya odinochestva [Typology of loneliness]. Gumanitarnye nauki v Sibiri, 2008. no. 1. pp. 70-74. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/tipy-perezhivaniya-odinochestva-v-podrostkovom-i-rannem-yunosheskom-vozraste (Accessed 09.08.2024). (In Russ.).
28. Okonechnikova L.V. Osobennosti mezhlichnostnogo vospriyatiya v otnosheniyakh mezhdu podrostkami i ikh roditelyami [Features of interpersonal perception in relationships between adolescents and their parents]. Novaya nauka: Opyt, traditsii, inno-vatsii, 2015. no. 4. PP. 59-63. (In Russ.).
29. Pankratova I.A. Osobennosti otsenki povedeniya roditelei i otnosheniya k nim pod-rostkov s razlichnym urovnem sub"ektivnogo blagopoluchiya [Features of assessing the behavior of parents and the attitude towards them of adolescents with different levels of subjective well-being]. Internet-zhurnal «Mir nauki», 2017. Vol. 5, no.2. pp. 1-9. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/osobennosti-otsenki-povedeniya-roditeley-i-otnosheniya-k-nim-podrostkov-s-razlichnym-urovnem-subektivnogo-blagopoluchiya (Accessed 09.08.2024). (In Russ.).
30. Perlman D., Peplo L. Teoreticheskie podkhody k odinochestvu. Labirinty odinoche-stva (sost., obshch. red. i predisl. Pokrovskii N. E.). Moscow, 2002. pp. 152-169. (In Russ.).
31. Petrovskaya L.A. Teoreticheskie i metodicheskie problemy sotsial'no-psikhologicheskogo treninga. Moscow, 1982. 168 p.
32. Pokrovskii N.E. Labirinty odinochestva: per. s angl. sost., obshch. red. i predisl. Moscow: Progress, 1989. 624 p. (In Russ.).
33. Rais F. Psikhologiya podrostkovogo i yunosheskogo vozrasta. F. Rais, K. Doldzhin. Saint Petersburg: Pabl. «Peter», 2012. 237 p. (In Russ.).
34. Trubnikova S.G. Problema psikhologii odinochestvo v filosofskoi i psikhologiche-skoi literature XX veka. Moscow, 1998. 20 p. (In Russ.).
35. Tudupova T.Ts. Osobennosti proyavleniya odinochestva v podrostkovom vozraste [Features of loneliness in adolescence]. Vestnik Buryatskogo gos. un-ta, 2009. no.5. pp. 135-140. URL: https://ifte.kpfu.ru/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Tom-2-obl-blok-ispr.pdf (Accessed 09.08.2024). (In Russ.).
36. Chizhova E.A. Fenomen odinochestva v podrostkovom vozraste [The phenomenon of loneliness in adolescence]. Altaiskii gosudar-stvennyi universitet, g. Barnaul, 2020. pp. 55-56. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/fenomen-odinochestva-v-podrostkovom-vozraste (Accessed 09.08.2024). (In Russ.).
37. Shereshkova E.A. Formirovanie osoznannogo otnosheniya podrostkov k svoim rodite-lyam [Formation of a conscious attitude of adolescents towards their parents]. Pedagogicheskoe obrazovanie v Rossii, 2022. no.2. pp. 151-161. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/formirovanie-osoznannogo-otnosheniya-podrostkov-k-svoim-roditelyam (Accessed 09.08.2024). (In Russ.).