Consortium Psychiatricum
2021. Том 2. № 4. С. 23–29
doi:10.17816/CP83
ISSN: 2712-7672 / 2713-2919 (online)
Стигматизация и качество жизни людей с психическими расстройствами: нарративный обзор
Аннотация
АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ: Антипсихиатрические течения, возникшие в начале 1960-х гг., привели к стигматизации психиатрии. Неправильное понимание концепции психических расстройств, негативное отношение к госпитализации, тенденция к лечению пациентов посредством психологии и критика фармакологических методов лечения стали причиной дискредитации психиатрии.
ЦЕЛЬ: Целью данной работы является анализ доступных литературных источников, касающихся влияния стигматизации на качество жизни людей с диагностированными психическими расстройствами.
МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ: Был выполнен нарративный обзор релевантных литературных источников, опубликованных в период с 1999 г. по 2021 г. Авторы проанализировали работы, представленные в электронных базах данных PubMed и Web of Science. Используемые для поиска ключевые слова, например, «стигматизация» и «психические расстройства», объединяли две взаимосвязанные области. Для обобщения полученных данных применялся метод описательного анализа.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: Стигматизация остается важной проблемой при лечении людей с психическими расстройствами. Из-за недостаточного понимания проблемы может создаваться впечатление, что все пациенты с психическими заболеваниями агрессивны и неспособны адекватно функционировать. Как оказалось, такие стигматизирующие мнения и стереотипы очень сложно изменить.
ВЫВОДЫ: Из-за стигматизации и отторжения обществом пациенты не хотят, чтобы их каким-либо образом ассоциировали с психическими расстройствами или знали о том, что они посещают специалистов в области психиатрии. Это снижает положительный эффект терапии, а также приводит к ухудшению качества жизни и ограничению социального и профессионального функционирования.
Общая информация
Ключевые слова: стигматизация, психические расстройства, дискриминация, отвержение, маргинальность
Рубрика издания: Редакционные статьи
Тип материала: обзорная статья
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/CP83
Получена: 28.06.2021
Принята в печать:
Для цитаты: Чобану А.М., Катринеску Л.М., Иваску Д.М., Никулае К.П., Шолонтай А.С. Стигматизация и качество жизни людей с психическими расстройствами: нарративный обзор // Consortium Psychiatricum. 2021. Том 2. № 4. С. 23–29. DOI: 10.17816/CP83
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