Использование модели «веры в здоровье», тройственной модели восприятия риска и веры в фатализм для прогнозирования рекомендованного поведения в ситуации пандемии COVID-19

Цели. Исследование направлено на изучение применимости модели «веры в здоровье», тройственной модели восприятия риска и веры в фатализм в контексте пандемии COVID-19, в частности, для проверки того, помогают ли эти модели предсказать рекомендованное поведение. Другая цель — изучить взаимосвязь компонентов тройственной модели. Контекст и актуальность. В условиях бушующей пандемии COVID-19 правительствам всех стран необходимо применять более целенаправленные стратегии, чтобы сделать социальное дистанцирование эффективным и снизить передачу вируса от человека к человеку. Дизайн исследования. С использованием множественной линейной регрессии и анализа медиаций проверялась возможность предсказывать поведение на основе конструктов «веры в здоровье», веры в фатализм и тройственной модели восприятия риска. Участники. 357 участников из разных штатов Индии; возрастной диапазон: 15—78 лет; 41,5% мужчин и 58,5% женщин. Методы (инструменты). Множественные и одиночные шкалы моделей «веры в здоровье», веры в фатализм и тройственной модели восприятия риска. Результаты. Основанное на собственном опыте восприятие риска является сильнейшим предиктором рекомендованного поведения; следующие по значимости предикторы — воспринимаемые препятствия (локдаун) и пол. Показатели когнитивного и аффективного восприятия риска положительно коррелируют с рекомендованным поведением (соблюдение дистанции), хотя и не оказались его статистически значимыми предикторами. Восприятие риска является медиатором между когнитивной оценкой риска и рекомендованным поведением. Выводы. Настоящее исследование имеет значение для разработки и апробирования содержания и стратегий публичных кампаний, имеющих целью повышение уровня рекомендуемого поведения граждан в период пандемии COVID-19.

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