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Bulletin of Practical Psychology of Education
2025. Vol. 22, no. 4, 160–175
doi:10.17759/bppe.2025220411
ISSN: 2658-3100 (online)

Manifestations of psychospeech disorders in preschoolers (based on anamnestic data analysis)

 
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Abstract

Context and relevance. The issues of early diagnosis of disorders of psychospeech development in children continue to remain relevant, despite the fact that the problem is well studied. There is no diagnosis of “mental retardation”, this disorder is associated with syndromes accompanying more than a hundred nosologies. Differentiation of this qualitatively heterogeneous category of children is necessary for the implementation of psychological, pedagogical and medical correction. However, in practice, a strictly defined differentiation of nosologies, especially at an early age, is not implemented for a number of reasons. The most obvious disorder is delayed speech development. There are no statistical studies on the increase in the detection of this violation in Russia, it is stated by practicing teachers and doctors. Goal. To determine the types of disorders of psycho-speech development in preschoolers with neurological status based on the analysis of anamnestic data. Methods and materials. The study was conducted on the basis of anamnestic data of children referred by a speech therapist to the CPMC. The group of children consisted of 160 preschoolers from 3.5 to 7 years old, who had various conclusions from a speech therapist. The data has been systematized and analyzed. Results. The results showed that the most common speech development disorders are general speech underdevelopment (level III of speech development), complicated by dysarthria, and among children over 4 years of age, who accounted for 85.6% of the group under consideration. The total number of participants in the sample with confirmed neurological diagnoses is more than half of the surveyed (53, 75%). However, violations of mental and speech development in preschoolers revealed at an early age do not lead to timely treatment for psychological and pedagogical help. Conclusions. It is shown which type of speech development disorder should first be paid attention to for the early prevention and correction of mental retardation. It is recommended that if there is a delay in psychomotor and speech development diagnosed at the age of two years, parents or legal representatives of the children should seek pedagogical correctional assistance.

General Information

Keywords: preschoolers with delayed psychospeech development, delayed mental development, delayed speech development, delayed psychomotor development, general speech underdevelopment, systemic speech underdevelopment, speech development disorders, classifications of mental disorders, neurological status

Journal rubric: Scientific Validity of the Practices of Psychological and Pedagogical Work with Childhood Implemented in the Education System

Article type: scientific article

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/bppe.2025220411

Received 09.04.2025

Revised 25.10.2025

Accepted

Published

For citation: Artemova, E.E., Ivchenko, A.A. (2025). Manifestations of psychospeech disorders in preschoolers (based on anamnestic data analysis). Bulletin of Practical Psychology of Education, 22(4), 160–175. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17759/bppe.2025220411

© Artemova E.E., Ivchenko A.A., 2025

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

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Information About the Authors

Eva E. Artemova, Candidate of Science (Education), Associate Professor, Dean of the Faculty of Clinical and Special Psychology, Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russian Federation, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5573-3234, e-mail: artemovaee@mgppu.ru

Anastasia A. Ivchenko, Moscow State University of psychology and education, Moscow, Russian Federation, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8727-3555, e-mail: ivchenkoan17@gmail.com

Contribution of the authors

Eva E. Artemova — ideas; design of the manuscript; planning of the research; control over the research.

Anastasiia A. Ivchenko — ideas; annotation; conducting the experiment; data collection and analysis; visualization of research results; application mathematical methods for data analysis.

All authors participated in the discussion of the results and approved the final text of the manuscript.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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