Traumatic stress in patients with chronic suicidal behavior and characteristics of borderline personality disorder

1655

Abstract

Suicidal behavior and a high level of traumatic stress are important criteria for the diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (BPD) — a diagnosis which is not often used in Russian psychiatry. 17 psychiatric hospital patients with chronic suicidal behavior and expressed features of BPD were examined using the Essen Trauma Inventory. The Essen Trauma Inventory is a reliable tool for determining the occurrence frequency of different types of traumatic stress, subjective severity of the event and the extent of its influence on the person's future life. The vast majority of patients (82,3%) noted that events associated with stress in interpersonal relationships were present in their lives, which is an important criteria for BPD. The highest metrics on the subjective assessment of the severity of the traumatic event were seen for following parameters: "interpersonal difficulty" with partner and relatives (35,2%), death of a significant other (5,8%), violent actions from a significant other (5,8%), and sexual abuse (5,8 percent). 41% of patients noted that the most stressful event happened more than five years ago, more than half of patients (64,7%) believe that the traumatic event they experienced had a significant impact on their overall life satisfaction. The analysis of subjective self-reports on the impact of the most severe traumatic events revealed that 23,5% of respondents from the surveyed sample had symptoms of PTSD. The authors conclude that it is necessary to draw the attention of national experts to this category of patients as well as apply scientifically valid methods of psychotherapy that have proven effective when working with them

General Information

Keywords: traumatic stress, borderline personality disorder, suicidal behavior, interpersonal relationships, Essen Trauma Inventory, satisfaction with life

Journal rubric: Empirical Researches

Article type: scientific article

For citation: Gorchakova V.A., Kholmogorova A.B., Palin A.V., Arbuzova L.A. Traumatic stress in patients with chronic suicidal behavior and characteristics of borderline personality disorder. Konsul'tativnaya psikhologiya i psikhoterapiya = Counseling Psychology and Psychotherapy, 2014. Vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 119–139. (In Russ., аbstr. in Engl.)

References

  1. Vsemirnaya organizatsiya zdravookhraneniya. Mezhdunarodnaya klassifikatsiya boleznej (10 peresmotr). SPb, "Overlajd",1994. S. 201—202
  2. Kolyutskaya N.M. Pogranichnoe rasstrojstvo lichnosti: voprosy diagnostiki i terapii // Sovremennaya terapiya psikhicheskikh rasstrojstv. 2012.  2. S. 2—3
  3. Korolenko Ts.P., Dmitrieva N.V. Lichnostnye i dissotsiativnye rasstrojstva :rasshirenie granits diagnostiki i terapii: Monografiya. Novosibirsk: Izdatel'stvo NGPU, 2006.
  4. S. 121—153 Lajnen M. Kognitivno-povedencheskaya terapiya pogranichnogo rasstrojstva. M.: Vil'yams, 2008. 592 s. Mak-Kallou D. Lechenie khronicheskoj depressii: Metody kognitivno-povedencheskoj terapii. Sankt-Peterburg: Rech', 2003. 368 s. Padun M.А., Tarabrina N.V. Kognitivno-lichnostnye aspekty perezhivaniya travmaticheskogo stressa // Psikhologicheskij zhurnal. 2004. —  5. S. 5—15 Padun M., Tarabrina N. Psikhicheskaya travma i bazisnye kognitivnye skhemy lichnosti // Moskovskij psikhoterapevticheskij zhurnal. 2003.  1. S. 121—140
  5. Perre M., Lajrejter А.P., Baumann U. Stress i koping kak faktory vliyaniya: Gl. 17 // Klinicheskaya psikhologiya / Pod red. M. Perre, U. Baumann. SPb.: Piter, 2007. C. 358—392
  6. Tarabrina N.V. Posttravmaticheskoe stressovoe rasstrojstvo (PTSR): Gl. 5 // Klinicheskaya psikhologiya: V 4 t. / Pod red. А.B. KHolmogorovoj. T. 2. CHastnaya patopsikhologiya. M.: Izdatel'skij tsentr "Аkademiya", 2012. S. 229—269
  7. Tarabrina N.V. Psikhologiya posttravmaticheskogo stressa: Teoriya i praktika. — M.: Izd-vo "Institut psikhologii RАN", 2009. 304 s.
  8. Kholmogorova А.B. Lichnostnye rasstrojstva: Gl. 6 // Klinicheskaya psikhologiya: V 4 t: / Pod red. А.B. KHolmogorovoj: T. 2. CHastnaya patopsikhologiya. M.: Izdatel'skij tsentr "Аkademiya", 2012. S. 270—323
  9. Kholmogorova А.B., Gorchakova V.А. Travmaticheskij stress i ego vliyanie na sub"ektivnoe blagopoluchie i psikhicheskoe zdorov'e: aprobatsiya EHssenskogo oprosnika travmaticheskikh sobytij // Konsul'tativnaya psikhologiya i psikhoterapiya. 2013.  3. — C. 120—137
  10. Shostakovich B.V. Rasstrojstva lichnosti (psikhopatii) v sudebno-psikhiatricheskoj praktike. M.:Izdatel'stvo MBА, 2006. S. 102—128
  11. American Psychiatric Association 2000: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edn. Text revision. American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC, 2000
  12. American Psychiatric Association. Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with borderline personality disorder. Am J Psychiatry 2001; 158(Suppl): 1—52
  13. American Psychiatric Association. (2002). Practice guidelines for the treatment of psychiatric disorders: Compendium 2002. Washington, DC
  14. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 3th ed. American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC, 1980
  15. Brown M.Z., Comtois K.A., Linehan M.M. Reasons for suicide attempts and nonsuicidal self-injury in women with borderline personality disorder // J Abnorm. Psychol. 2002. Feb., 111(1). PP. 198—202
  16. Erim Y., Morawa E., Ozdemir D.F., Senf W. Pravalenz, Komorbiditat und Auspragungsgrad psychosomatischer Erkrankungen bei ambulanten Patienten mit turkischem Migrationshintergrund [Prevalence, comorbidity and severity of psychosomatic disorders in outpatients with Turkish migration background] // Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik, Medizinische Psychologie [Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol]. 2011. Nov; Vol. 61 (11). PP. 472—480. English Abstract http: // search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mnh&AN=22081466&lang=r u&site=ehost-live
  17. Herman J. Trauma and Recovery. New York, Basic Books, 1992
  18. Kreisman J., Straus H I Hate you Dont Leave Me: Understanding the Borderline Personality. New York: Avon Books, 2001. PP. 31—32
  19. Kreisman J., Straus H., Sometimes J. Act Crazy. Hoboken. J. Wiley, 2004
  20. New A.S., Triebwasser J., Charney D.S. The case for shifting borderline personality disorder to Axis I. // Biological Psychiatry. 2008. V. 64. PP. 653—659
  21. Paris J. Borderline personality disorder // Canadian Medical Association Journal. 2005. V. 172 (12). PP. 1579—1583
  22. Samuels J., Eaton WW., Bienvenu J., Clayton P., Brown H., Costa PT. Prevalence and correlation of personality disorders in a community sample // Br. J. Psychiatry. 2002. V 180. PP. 936—950
  23. Skodol A.F., Gunderson J.G., Pfohl B., Wiliger T.A., Liversley WJ., Siever I.J. The borderline diagnosis: psychopathology, comorbidity, and personality structure // Biol. Psychiatry. 2002. V. 51. PP. 936—950
  24. Swartz M., Blazer D., George L., Winfield I. Estimating the prevalence of borderline personality disorder in the community // Journal of Personality Disorders. 1990.V. 4. РР. 257—272
  25. Tagay S., Arntzen E., Mewes R., Senf W. Zusammenhang zwischen dem Tod wichtiger Bezugspersonen und posttraumatischer Belastungsstorung: [Correlation between death of important relatives and posttraumatic stress disorder] // Zeitschrift Fur Psychosomatische Medizin Und Psychotherapie [Psychosom Med Psychother]. 2008. Vol. 54 (2). PP. 164—173. English Abstract http: //search.ebscohost.com/ login.aspx?direct=true&db=mnh&AN=18510833&lang=ru&site=ehost-live
  26. Torgersen S., Kringlen E., Cramer V. The prevalence of personality disorders in community sample. Arch.Gen.Psychiatry, 2001., V 58. РР. 416—425
  27. Widiger T.A., Weissman M.M. Epidemiology of borderline personality disorder // Hospital and Community Psychiatry. 1991. Vol. 42. РР. 1015—1021
  28. Zanarini M., Frankenburg F., DeLuca C. et al. The Pain of Being Borderline: Dysphoric States Specific to Borderline Personality Disorder // Harvard Review of Psychiatry. 1997. Vol. 6 (4). PP. 201—207

Information About the Authors

Vera A. Gorchakova, e-mail: gorchakovava@mgppu.ru

Alla B. Kholmogorova, Doctor of Psychology, Professor, Dean of the Faculty of Counseling and Clinical Psychology, Moscow State University of Psychology & Education, Leading Researcher, Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry (A Branch of the National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology), Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5194-0199, e-mail: kholmogorova@yandex.ru

A. V. Palin, Russia, e-mail: pavelpalin@yandex.ru

L. A. Arbuzova

Metrics

Views

Total: 3102
Previous month: 17
Current month: 6

Downloads

Total: 1655
Previous month: 10
Current month: 9