Clinical Psychology and Special Education
2023. Vol. 12, no. 4, 47–72
doi:10.17759/cpse.2023120403
ISSN: 2304-0394 (online)
Analysis of a Four-Factor Model of Autism Symptoms in Children Aged 3–6 Years Old
Abstract
The work is devoted to the empirical analysis of age shifts within the framework of the factor model of autism for preschool children. In the 2020–2022 studies, we obtained a factor model of autism and identified 4 vectors of autism — typical subtypes of ASD in 3–4 years old children. Among them are: 1) difficulties in establishing emotional contact, expressing one's emotions and decoding other people's emotions in the context of social interaction; 2) sensory disintegration; 3) impairments in verbal and nonverbal communication and social skills; 4) hyperactivity, including excessive movements, motor disinhibition and restless behavior. It should be emphasized that the first three vectors correspond to the core symptoms of ASD in accordance with the DSM-5. While the hyperactivity factor goes beyond the main symptoms of ASD. In this paper, a comparative analysis of the severity and stability of symptoms was carried out within the framework of a 4-factor model of autism for 3–4 and 5–6-year-old children with autism. Sensory and communication impairments have been found to decrease with age, however, emotional impairments and hyperactivity remain at a high level. The theoretical foundations of emotional disorders and hyperactivity in children with ASD are analyzed in detail. Brief practical recommendations are presented for effective early intervention in order to improve the potential trajectory of development of preschool children with ASD.
General Information
Keywords: autism, vectors of autism, psychological correction, behavioral correction
Journal rubric: Empirical Research
Article type: scientific article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2023120403
Funding. The study was supported by The Russian Science Foundation (RNF) № 23-18-00155 «Study of predictive indicators of autism spectrum disorders in preschool children».
Received: 02.10.2023
Accepted:
For citation: Nasledov A.D., Tkacheva L.O., Zashchirinskaia O.V., Miroshnikov S.A. Analysis of a Four-Factor Model of Autism Symptoms in Children Aged 3–6 Years Old [Elektronnyi resurs]. Klinicheskaia i spetsial'naia psikhologiia = Clinical Psychology and Special Education, 2023. Vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 47–72. DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2023120403. (In Russ., аbstr. in Engl.)
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