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Clinical Psychology and Special Education
2025. Vol. 14, no. 4, 151–170
doi:10.17759/cpse.2025140409
ISSN: 2304-0394 (online)

The personality defense system in a difficult life situation: differential and integral analysis (on the example of Mariupol)

 
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Abstract

Context and relevance. The work is devoted to the differential and integral analysis of the personality's defense system based on samples of respondents from Mariupol and Saint-Petersburg. Answers to questions about the nature and ways of overcoming the consequences of such a difficult life situation as the threat to life due to military actions are extremely important and relevant in the context of both the national security of Russia and the development of theory and practice of psychological science. Objective. Identification of the features of the defense system of a person who finds himself in a difficult situation of life. Hypothesis. The hypothesis of the study was that the personality's defense system in Mariupol is less adaptive than in Saint-Petersburg, and personal anxiety, as well as severity of PTSD significantly exceed similar indicators in Saint-Petersburg. Materials and methods. The study (N = 225) involved respondents aged 18–35 years. Data from the female subgroup (n = 206; mean age — 21.51) are presented. Methods used: “Trauma Screening Questionnaire”, “Ways of Coping” inventory, “Self-Report of Defense Styles” questionnaire, State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI); Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results. A comparative analysis of differences between indicators characterizing defensive personality system does not confirm assumption of greater maladaption of Mariupol residents. Personal anxiety in this group is significantly lower than among residents of Saint-Petersburg. There are also no significant differences in severity (risk) of PTSD between groups.

General Information

Keywords: anxiety, PTSD, personality, defense mechanism, coping strategy, subjectiveness

Journal rubric: Empirical Research

Article type: scientific article

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2025140409

Acknowledgements. The authors would like to thank I.A. Vyalkova, Candidate of Sciences (Social Communication), Vice-Rector of the Kuindzhi Mariupol State University, for her help in collecting data for the study.

Received 28.09.2025

Revised 13.12.2025

Accepted

Published

For citation: Bogachev, A.M., Bogdanovskaya, I.M., Vysotskaya, Yu.A., Korshikova, M.A. (2025). The personality defense system in a difficult life situation: differential and integral analysis (on the example of Mariupol). Clinical Psychology and Special Education, 14(4), 151–170. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2025140409

© Bogachev A.M., Bogdanovskaya I.M., Vysotskaya Yu.A., Korshikova M.A., 2025

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

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Information About the Authors

Alexey M. Bogachev, Researcher, Center for the Prevention of Extremism in Education and Youth, Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, St.Petersburg, Russian Federation, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9430-2274, e-mail: amb1976@mail.ru

Irina M. Bogdanovskaya, Candidate of Science (Psychology), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Psychology of Professional Activity and Information Technologies in Education, Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, St.Petersburg, Russian Federation, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7303-615X, e-mail: biggi66@mail.ru

Yulia A. Vysotskaya, xpert at the Center for the Prevention of Extremism in Education and Youth, Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, St.Petersburg, Russian Federation, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4287-0069, e-mail: kathrinander@gmail.com

Maria A. Korshikova, Postgraduate Student, Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin, Tambov, Russian Federation, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5207-7069, e-mail: korshikovama@gmail.com

Contribution of the authors

The authors contributed equally to the research, data analysis, and preparation of this manuscript. All authors participated in the discussion of the results and approved the final text of the manuscript.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethics statement

Written informed consent to participate in this study was provided by respondents.

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