Technology of Designing an Individual Educational Trajectory for Students with Disabilities

Students with disabilities represent a highly heterogeneous group. The study was based on the hypothesis that creating variable special conditions for students with disabilities as part of the design of individual educational trajectories (IETs) will ensure the success of higher education for disabled people. The article describes the logic and stages of research on the creation and implementation of technology for designing an individual educational trajectory for students with disabilities. The materials were formed as a result of the implementation of the practice at Cherepovets State University over 5 years. Four IET options are described in detail, with each option concentrically increasing the conditions to account for the needs and capabilities of the student. The study involved 873 disabled people (765 applicants and 108 students). The study included assessing the requests of applicants with disabilities, designing and implementing individual educational trajectories, monitoring the adaptation and satisfaction of students, and evaluating the effectiveness of students with disabilities in mastering the educational program. The results obtained show an insufficient starting level of applicants' readiness for the conscious construction of an individual educational trajectory. Additionally, data were obtained on the difficulties related to emotional and interpersonal adaptation for students with disabilities. Continuous dynamic monitoring of the requests from disabled individuals for special conditions and productive interaction among all participants in the design of IETs ensures improved adaptation indicators (statistically confirmed by the use of φ angular Fisher transformation), stability of the contingent of students with disabilities, and academic success.

1. Alekhina S.V., SHemanov A.YU. Inklyuzivnaya kul'tura kak cennostnaya osnova izmenenij vysshego obrazovaniya [Inclusive culture as a value-based framework for change in higher education]. Razvitie inklyuzii v vysshem obrazovanii: setevoj podhod = Developing Inclusion in Higher Education: A Network Approach. Moscow: Moskovskij gosudarstvennyj psihologo-pedagogicheskij universitet, 2018, pp. 5–13. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
2. Alekhina S.V., Samsonova E.V., SHemanov A.YU. Podhod k modelirovaniyu inklyuzivnoj sredy obrazovatel'noj organizacii [Approach to modeling an inclusive environment in an educational organization]. Psihologicheskaya nauka i obrazovanie = Psychological science and education. Vol. 27, no. 5, pp. 69–84. DOI:10.17759/pse.2022270506 (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
3. Asmolov A.G. Strategiya razvitiya variativnogo obrazovaniya: mify i real'nost' [Strategy for the Development of Variative Education: Myths and Reality]. Magistr = Magister, 1995. Vol. 1, pp. 23–27. (In Russ.).
4. Bazhin K.S., Simonova G.I., Bashmakova S.B. Formirovanie professional'noj traektorii studentov s invalidnost'yu v vuz [Formation of professional trajectory of students with disabilities to higher education institution]. Razvitie inklyuzii v vysshem obrazovanii: setevoj podhod = Developing Inclusion in Higher Education: A Network Approach. Moscow: Moskovskij gosudarstvennyj psihologo-pedagogicheskij universitet, 2018, pp. 47–54. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
5. Belchenko V.E., Harutyunyan A.A., Nikolaeva L.G., Bogdanova A.V., Lapshin N.A., Aleksanyan G.A.Individual`naya obrazovatel`naya traektoriya studenta: e`tapy` i trebovaniya k postroeniyu [Student's individual educational trajectory: stages and requirements for building]. Nuances-estudos sobre educacao, Vol. 32(1). (In Engl.).
6. Denisova O.A., Lekhanova O.L., Limarenko O.YU. Individual'nye obrazovatel'nye traektorii pri proektirovanii adaptirovannyh obrazovatel'nyh programm vysshego obrazovaniya dlya obuchayushchihsya s OVZ i invalidnost'yu [Individual educational trajectories in the design of adapted educational programs of higher education for students with disabilities and disabilities]. Povyshenie dostupnosti i kachestva vysshego obrazovaniya: opyt i peredovye praktiki = Improving Accessibility and Quality of Higher Education: Experience and Best Practices. Cherepovec: CHGU, 2022, pp. 46– (In Russ.).
7. Dubovickaya T.D., Krylova A.V. Metodika issledovaniya adaptirovannosti studentov v vuze [Methodology of research of students' adaptability in higher education]. Psihologicheskaya nauka i obrazovanie = Psychological science and education, 2010. Vol. 2, no. 2. Available at: https://psyjournals.ru/journals/psyedu/archive/2010_n2/27814 (Accessed 11.08.2023). (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
8. Zeer E.F., Zavodchikov D.P., Zinnatova M.V., Lebedeva E.V. Personalizirovannoe obrazovanie v proekcii professional'nogo budushchego: metodologiya, prognozirovanie, realizaciya [Personalized education in the projection of professional future: methodology, forecasting, implementation]. Ekaterinburg: Rossijskij gosudarstvennyj professional'no-pedagogicheskij universitet, 2021. 120 p. (In Russ.).
9. Zeer E.F., Zhurlova E.Yu. Navigacionny`e sredstva kak instrumenty` soprovozhdeniya osvoeniya kompetencij v usloviyax realizacii individual`noj obrazovatel`noj traektorii [Navigation aids as tools to support the development of competences in the conditions of realization of individual educational trajectory]. The Education and science journal, 2017, no. 3, pp. 77–93. DOI:10.17853/1994-5639-2017-3-77-93 (In Russ.).
10. Zeer E.F., Symanyuk E.E. Individual'nye obrazovatel'nye traektorii v sisteme nepreryvnogo obrazovaniya [Individual educational trajectories in the system of continuous education]. Pedagogicheskoe obrazovanie v Rossii = Pedagogical Education in Russia, 2014, no. 3, pp. 74–82. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
11. Kantor V.Z., Antropov A.P., Gdalina T.G. Starshie shkol'niki s invalidnost'yu i vybor professional'no-obrazovatel'nogo marshruta: motivacionno-potrebnostnye aspekty obucheniya v vuze [High school students with disabilities and the choice of professional and educational route: motivation and needs aspects of learning in higher education]. Psihologicheskaya nauka i obrazovanie = Psychological Science and Education, 2018. Vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 42–49. DOI:10.17759/pse.2018230205 (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
12. Leont'ev D.A., Ovchinnikova E.YU., Rasskazova E.I., Fam A.H. Psihologiya vybora [The Psychology of Choice]. Moscow: Smysl, 2015. 464 p. (In Russ.).
13. Morozova I.S., Bugrova N.A., Krecan Z.V., Evseenkova E.V. Vybor studentom individual'noj obrazovatel'noj traektorii: sub"ektnaya poziciya i strategii vybora [Student's choice of individual educational trajectory: subject position and choice strategies]. Psihologicheskaya nauka i obrazovanie = Psychological science and education, Vol 28, no. 2, pp. 30–45. DOI: 10.17759/pse.2023280203 (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
14. Muller O.Yu. Model` individual`noj obrazovatel`noj traektorii studenta s ogranichenny`mi vozmozhnostyami zdorov`ya i invalidnost`yu v usloviyax modul`nogo obucheniya [Model of an individual educational trajectory of a student with disabilities and disabilities in modular learning conditions]. Vestnik PSTGU. Seriya IV: Pedagogika. Psixologiya = St Tikhon’s University Review. Series IV: Pedagogy. Psychology, 2023, no. 68, pp. 76–85. DOI:10.15382/sturIV202368.76-85 (In Russ.).
15. Mussa N.M. Uluchshenie rezul'tatov obucheniya: rol' samoeffektivnosti pri prognozirovanii uspevaemosti studentov v usloviyah vysshego obrazovaniya [Improving learning outcomes: the role of self-efficacy in predicting student performance in higher education settings]. Psihologicheskaya nauka i obrazovanie = Psychological Science and Education, Vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 18–29. DOI:10.17759/pse.2023280202 (In Engl.).
16. Os'muk L.A. Samorealizaciya studentov s invalidnost'yu kak bazovyj mekhanizm social'noj inklyuzii [Self-realization of students with disabilities as a basic mechanism of social inclusion]. Psihologicheskaya nauka i obrazovanie = Psychological Science and Education. Vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 59–67. DOI:10.17759/pse.2018230207 (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
17. Rubcov V.V., Alekhina S.V., Haustov A.V. Nepreryvnost' inklyuzivnogo obrazovaniya i psihologo-pedagogicheskogo soprovozhdeniya lic s osobymi obrazovatel'nymi potrebnostyami [Continuity of Inclusive Education and Psychological and Pedagogical Support for Persons with Special Educational Needs]. Psihologo-pedagogicheskie issledovaniya = Psychological-Educational Studies, 2019. Vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 1–14. DOI:10.17759/psyedu.2019110301 Available at: https://psyjournals.ru/journals/psyedu/archive/2019_n3/Rubtsov_Alekhina_Haustov (Accessed 11.08.2023). (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
18. Serebrovskaya T.B. T'yutorstvo v kontekste modernizacii vysshej shkoly [Tutoring in the context of modernization of higher education]. Vestnik Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta = Vestnik of Orenburg State University, 2011, no. 5(124), pp. 13–18. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
19. Hutorskoj A.V. Princip chelovekosoobraznosti v obrazovanii [Principle of human expediency in education]. Professional'noe obrazovanie. Stolica = Vocational Education. Capital, 2011, no. 5, pp. 12–13. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
20. Shaposhnikova N.YU. Individual'naya obrazovatel'naya traektoriya studenta: analiz traktovok ponyatiya [Individual educational trajectory of a student: analysis of interpretations of the concept]. Pedagogicheskoe obrazovanie v Rossii = Pedagogical Education in Russia, 2015, no. 5, pp. 39–44. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
21. Adam E. Wyse, Vincent J. Dean, Steven G. Viger, Timothy R. Vansickle. Considerations for Equating Alternate Assessments: Two Case Studies of Alternate Assessments Based on Alternate Achievement Standards. Applied Measurement in Education, 2013, no. 26(1). (In Engl.).
22. Bureeva M.A., Kokova V.I., Perechozheva E.V., Timchenko V.V. Individual Learning Of Students With Disabilities By Means Of Information Technologies. Economic and Social Trends for Sustainability of Modern Society (ICEST 2020). European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences. 2020, no. 90, pp. 678–686. DOI:10.15405/epsbs.2020.10.03.79 (In Engl.).
23. Fernandez-Batanero J.M., Montenegro-Rueda M., Fernandez-Cerero J. Access and participation of students with disabilities: the challenge for higher education. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022, no. 19, pp. 11918. DOI:10.3390/ijerph191911918 (In Engl.).
24. Hanan M. AlTaleb, Dalal A. Alsaleh, Anwar S. Alshammari, Shatha M. Alsomairy, Shahad M. Alsuaqir, Lama A. Alsaleem, Asma B. Omer, Ruqaiyah Khan, Reem M. Alwhaibi. Facilitators and barriers to learning faced by female students with disability in higher education. Longman publishers, Nairobi, 2024, no. 10(1). DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30774 (In Engl.).
25. Heather Buzick. Testing accommodations and the measurement of student academic growth. Educational Assessment, 2018, no. 24(1), pp. 57– (In Engl.).
26. Heather Buzick, Jonathan Weeks. Trends in Performance and Growth by Students With and Without Disabilities on Five State Summative Assessments. Applied Measurement in Education, 2018, no. 31(4). (In Engl.).
27. Henrik Nieminen, Anabel Moriña, Gilda Biagiotti. Assessment as a matter of inclusion: A meta-ethnographic review of the assessment experiences of students with disabilities in higher education. Educational Research Review, 2024, no. 42, pp. 100582. DOI:10.1016/j.edurev.2023.100582 (In Engl.).
28. Hurwitz S., Perry B., Skiba R. Special Education and Individualized Academic Growth: A Longitudinal Assessment of Outcomes for Students With Disabilities. American educational research journal, 2020, no. 57(2), pp. 576– (In Engl.).
29. Jennifer Koran, Rebecca J. Kopriva Framing Appropriate Accommodations in Terms of Individual Need: Examining the Fit of Four Approaches to Selecting Test Accommodations of English Language Learners. Applied Measurement in Education, 2017, no. 30(2). (In Engl.).
30. José María Fernández-Batanero, Marta Montenegro-Rueda, José Fernández-Cerero. Access and Participation of Students with Disabilities: The Challenge for Higher Education. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022, no. 19(19), pp. 11918. DOI:10.3390/ijerph191911918 (In Engl.).
31. Maria Elena Oliveri, Rene Lawless, Frederic Robin, Brent Bridgeman. An Exploratory Analysis of Differential Item Functioning and Its Possible Sources in a Higher Education Admissions Context. Applied Measurement in Education, 2018, no. 31(1). (In Engl.).
32. Nel L., de Beer A., Naudé L. Challenges as Motivation for Growth in First-Year Students Living with Disability. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 2022, no. 70(7), pp. 1438–1457. DOI:10.1080/1034912X.2022.2060945 (In Engl.).
33. Rrofiah K., Ngenge R.T., Sujarwanto S., Ainin I.K. Inclusive education at Universitas Negeri Surabaya: Perceptions and realities of students with disabilities. International Journal of Special Education, 2023, no. 38(2), pp. 14–25. DOI:10.52291/ijse.2023.38.18 (In Engl.).
34. Solberg S.V., Phelps A.L., Haakenson K.A., Durham J.F., Timmons J. The Nature and Use of Individualized Learning Plans as a Promising Career Intervention Strategy. Journal of Career Development, 2012, no. 39(6), pp. 500–514. (In Engl.).
35. Yoon H., Shim J., Lee W.S., Moon J. Determinants of Quality of Life for People with Disabilities Using Panel Data Analysis. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 2024, 1, pp. 1–15. DOI:10.1080/1034912X.2024.2361271 (In Engl.).