Instrumental and Motivational Resources of Specialists in the Field of Protection of Children’s Rights in Conditions of Uncertainty of Professional Activity

The article presents the results of a study of the instrumental and motivational resources of 596 specialists of three professional groups (specialists of guardianship and guardianship authorities; the Office of the Commissioner for Children’s Rights; organizations for orphans and children left without parental care) from 87 subjects of the Russian Federation in conditions of experiencing situations of uncertainty in their professional activities. The research model combines the type and perceived level of uncertainty of professional activity, the resources used to overcome it. It is shown that the frequency of occurrence of the five types of situations of professional uncertainty identified in the study depends on the specifics of the activities of professional groups. Situations related to the consequences for child safety and professional decision-making are assessed as the most uncertain. The degree of experiencing uncertainty correlates with the level of instrumental and motivational resources. In groups experiencing relatively simple situations of uncertainty of professional activity, the level of controlled professional motivation and the need for support, especially emotional, are lower.

1. Aksenova E.S., Sineva O.V. Vzaimosvyaz’ sotsial’no-psikhologicheskoi adaptivnosti i tolerantnosti k neopredelennosti u studentov-psikhologov [Correlation between Socio-Psychological Adaptability and Tolerance to Uncertainty among Psychology Students.] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Baikal Research Journal, 2022. Vol. 13, no. 2. doi:10.17150/2411-6262.2022.13(2).34 (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
2. Alishev B.S. Psikhika i preodolenie neopredelennosti [Mind and Overcoming of Uncertainty]. Zhurnal Vysshei shkoly ekonomiki = Psychology. Journal of the Higher School of Economics, 2009. Vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 3–26. (In Russ.).
3. Bauman Z., Donskis L. Moral’naya slepota. Utrata chuvstvitel’nosti v epokhu tekuchei sovremennosti [Moral blindness. The loss of sensitivity in liquid modernity]. Saint Petersburg: Izdatel’stvo Ivana Limbakha, 2019. 365 p. (In Russ.).
4. Bustubaeva S.M. Situatsii neopredelennosti professional’noi sredy: priznaki i kharakteristika [Uncertainty situations in the professional environment: signs and characteristics]. Novye impul’sy razvitiya: voprosy nauchnykh issledovanii: sbornik statei Mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii: V 2 ch. Ch. 2. Saratov: NOO “Tsifrovaya nauka” Publ., 2020, pp. 62–70. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
5. Vladykina T. Rossiyane rasskazali, kakim oni vidyat spetsialista organov opeki [Elektronnyi resurs]. Rossiiskaya gazeta = Rossiiskaya Gazeta, 11.08.2022. URL: https://rg.ru/2022/11/08/rossiiane-rasskazali-kakim-oni-vidiat-specialista-organov-opeki.html (Accessed 14.09.2024).
6. Gavrilenko L.S., Chupina V.B. Podgotovka budushchikh vrachei k professional’noi deyatel’nosti v usloviyakh neopredelennosti [Preparation of future doctors for professional activity in the face of uncertainty] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Azimut nauchnykh issledovanii: pedagogika i psikhologiya = Azimut of Scientific Research: Pedagogy and Psychology, 2021. Vol. 10, no. 3 (36), pp. 61–63. doi:10.26140/anip-2021-1003-0013 (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
7. Doklad o deyatel’nosti Upolnomochennogo pri Prezidente Rossiiskoi Federatsii po pravam rebenka v 2021 godu [Elektronnyi resurs]. Rossiiskaya gazeta = Rossiiskaya Gazeta. URL: https://cdnstatic.rg.ru/uploads/attachments/2022/06/30/doklad_deti_e05.pdf (Accessed 21.09.2024). (In Russ.).
8. Dubentsov M.I. Kategoriya neopredelennosti v psikhologicheskoi nauke i professional’nom samoopredelenii lichnosti. Sovremennye nauchnye issledovaniya i innovatsii = Modern Scientific Researches and Innovations, 2011, no. 6 (6). (In Russ.).
9. Eryashkina N.S. Institut upolnomochennogo po pravam rebenka v mekhanizme zashchity prav rebenka [The institution of the commissioner for the rights of the child in the mechanism for the protection of the rights of the child]. Alleya nauki = Alleya Nauki, 2021. Vol. 1, no. 12 (63), pp. 546–549. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
10. Zakonoproekt No. 232772-8 “O vnesenii izmenenii v otdel’nye zakonodatel’nye akty Rossiiskoi Federatsii” [Elektronnyi resurs]. Sistema obespecheniya zakonodatel’noi deyatel’nosti, 2022. URL: https://sozd.duma.gov.ru/bill/232772-8 (Accessed 28.09.2024). (In Russ.).
11. Zakharova E.V. Vliyanie obrazovatel’noi sredy meditsinskogo vuza na formirovanie motivatsionnoi sfery studentov [Influence of the educational environment of medical school on forming of the motivational sphere of students]. Integratsiya nauk = Integratsiya Nauk, 2016, no. 2 (2), pp. 7–10. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
12. Kolesnikova U.V., Yarovikova O.A. K voprosu ob obrazovatel’nykh potrebnostyakh spetsialistov apparatov upolnomochennykh po pravam rebenka [On the Question of the Educational Needs of Specialists of the Offices of the Commissioners for Children’s Rights] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Sotsial’nye nauki i detstvo = Social Sciences and Childhood, 2022. Vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 23–35. doi:10.17759/ssc.2022030102 (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
13. Kolmykova M.A. Vyzovy sovremennogo obshchestva: osobennosti i tipologiya [Challenges of modern society: features and typology] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Gumanitarnye, sotsial’no-ekonomicheskie i obshchestvennye nauki = Humanities, Socio-Economic and Social Sciences, 2021, no. 8, pp. 39–42. doi:10.23672/m7723-0823-3742-o (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
14. Kriger E.E. Soprovozhdenie professional’nogo samoopredeleniya pedagoga v situatsiyakh neopredelennosti [Supporting the teacher professional identification in situations of uncertainty]. Vestnik RGGU. Seriya “Psikhologiya. Pedagogika. Obrazovanie” = RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series “Psychology. Pedagogics. Education”, 2018, no. 1 (11), pp. 27–37. doi:10.28995/2073-6398-2018-1-27-37 (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
15. Lashkul M.V., Tarasova A.E. Ogranichenie i lishenie roditel’skikh prav v usloviyakh povysheniya sotsial’noi roli sem’i i ukrepleniya traditsionnykh dukhovno-nravstvennykh tsennostei [Restriction and Deprivation of Parental Rights in the Context of Enhancing the Social Role of the Family and Strengthening Traditional Spiritual and Moral Values] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Psikhologiya i parvo = Psychology and Law, 2023. Vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 294–307. doi:10.17759/psylaw.2023130420 (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
16. Leonov I.N. Vliyanie tolerantnosti k neopredelennosti na professional’no vazhnye kachestva rukovoditelya: Avtoref. diss. kand. psikhol. nauk. Yaroslavl, 2015. 24 p. (In Russ.).
17. Leontiev D.A. Samoregulyatsiya, resursy i lichnostnyi potentsial [Autoregulation, resources, and personality potential] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Sibirskii psikhologicheskii zhurnal = Siberian Psychological Journal, 2016, no. 62, pp. 18–37. doi:10.17223/17267080/62/3 (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
18. Mosienko T.A., Lukyanova A.G., Shchekina E.N. Pravovoi mekhanizm usynovleniya (udochereniya) detei, ostavshikhsya bez popecheniya roditelei [The legal mechanism for the adoption of children left without parental care]. Probely v rossiiskom zakonodatel’stve = Gaps in Russian Legislation, 2017, no. 3, pp. 171–174. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
19. Nikitina N.A. Situatsiya sotsial’no opasnogo polozheniya kak sovokupnost’ obstoyatel’stv, porozhdayushchikh profilakticheskie pravootnosheniya [The condition of socially dangerous situation as a set of circumstances that give rise to preventive legal relations]. Yuridicheskaya nauka i pravookhranitel’naya praktika = Legal Science and Law Enforcement Practice, 2020, no. 1 (51), pp. 48–54. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
20. Odintsova M.A., Radchikova N.P., Aleksandrova L.A. Sore-30: Psikhometricheskie svoistva kratkoi versii russkoyazychnoi metodiki otsenki koping-strategii [COPE-30: psychometric properties of the short version of the Russianlanguage inventory for coping strategies evaluation]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 14. Psikhologiya = Moscow University Psychology Bulletin, 2022, no. 4, pp. 247–275. doi:10.11621/vsp.2022.04.11 (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
21. Odintsova M.A., Radchikova N.P., Sorokova M.G. Shkala reagirovaniya na neopredelennost’: instrument otsenki vzaimodeistviya podrostkov s mnogomernym stressom [Uncertainty Response Scale: The Assessment Tool for Adolescent Interaction with Multidimensional Stress] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Klinicheskaya i spetsial’naya psikhologiya = Clinical Psychology and Special Education, 2024. Vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 106–128. doi:10.17759/cpse.2024130207 (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
22. Osin E.N., Gorbunova A.A., Gordeeva T.O., Ivanova T.Yu., Kosheleva N.V., Ovchinnikova E.Yu. Professional’naya motivatsiya sotrudnikov rossiiskikh predpriyatii: diagnostika i svyazi s blagopoluchiem i uspeshnost’yu deyatel’nosti [Professional motivation of Russian employees: assessment and associations with well-being and performance]. Organizatsionnaya psikhologiya = Organizational Psychology, 2017. Vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 21–49. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
23. Osin E.N., Ivanova T.Yu., Gordeeva T.O. Avtonomnaya i kontroliruemaya professional’naya motivatsiya kak prediktory sub”ektivnogo blagopoluchiya u sotrudnikov rossiiskikh organizatsii [Autonomous and controlled professional motivation predict subjective well-being in Russian employees]. Organizatsionnaya psikhologiya = Organizational Psychology, 2013. Vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 8–29. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
24. Osin E.N., Leontiev D.A. Kratkie russkoyazychnye shkaly diagnostiki sub”ektivnogo blagopoluchiya: psikhometricheskie kharakteristiki i sravnitel’nyi analiz [Brief RussianLanguage Instruments to Measure Subjective WellBeing: Psychometric Properties and Comparative Analysis] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Monitoring obshchestvennogo mneniya: Ekonomicheskie i sotsial’nye peremeny Monitoring of Public Opinion: Economic and Social Changes, 2020, no. 1, pp. 117–142. doi:10.14515/monitoring.2020.1.06 (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
25. Oslon V.N., Odintsova M.A., Semya G.V., Kolesnikova U.V., Zaitsev G.O. Psikhologicheskie resursy rabotnikov organizatsii dlya detei-sirot s raznym urovnem emotsional’nogo intellekta [Psychological Resources of Employees of Organizations for Orphans with Different Levels of Emotional Intelligence] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Psikhologicheskaya nauka i obrazovanie = Psychological Science and Education, 2022. Vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 155–169. doi:10.17759/pse.2022270612 (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
26. Rachitskaya N.V., Andrievskaya S.V. Tolerantnost’ k neopredelennosti i professional’noe vygoranie u pedagogov [Uncertainty tolerance and professional burnout among teachers] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Vestnik Polotskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya E. Pedagogicheskie nauki = Herald of Polotsk State University. Series E. Pedagogical Sciences, 2023, no. 1 (39), pp. 72–79. doi:10.52928/2070-1640-2023-39-1-72-79 (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
27. Rogachev V.A., Konopleva I.N. Tolerantnost’ k neopredelennosti i vybor koping-strategii u sotrudnikov pravookhranitel’nykh organov [Tolerance to uncertainty and the choice of coping strategies in law enforcement] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Psikhologiya i parvo = Psychology and Law, 2017. Vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 106–126. doi:10.17759/psylaw.2017070409 (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
28. Rogova A.M., Davydov S.A. Deyatel’nost’ instituta upolnomochennogo po pravam rebenka kak element razvitiya pravovogo gosudarstva i sistemy sotsial’noi zashchity detstva v Rossiiskoi Federatsii [The activities of the institution of the commissioner for children’s rights as an element of the development of the state of law and the system of social protection of children in the Russian Federation]. Uchenye zapiski Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo instituta psikhologii i sotsial’noi raboty = Scientific Notes Journal of St. Petersburg State Institute of Psychology and Social Work, 2020. Vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 84–91. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
29. Ryabikina Z.I., Tanasov G.G. Sub’’ektno-bytiinyi podkhod k lichnosti i analizu ee sobytiya s drugimi (konstruktivnaya versiya postmodernistskikh “nastroenii”). Soobshchestvo. Upravlenie = Human. Community. Management, 2010, no. 2, pp. 4–19. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
30. Semeinyi kodeks Rossiiskoi Federatsii ot 29.12.1995 No. 223-FZ (red. ot 31.07.2023) (s izm. i dop., vstup. v silu s 26.10.2023) [Elektronnyi resurs]. Konsul’tantPlyus. URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_8982/ (Accessed 14.09.2024). (In Russ.).
31. Smirnova I.N. Osobennosti deyatel’nosti upolnomochennogo po pravam rebenka v sub”ektakh Rossiiskoi Federatsii: aktual’nye problemy teorii i praktiki [Peculiarities of the activities of an authorized child in the subjects of the Russian Federation: current problems of theory and practice]. Yuridicheskii fakt = Yuridicheskii Fakt, 2021, no. 134, pp. 13–18. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
32. Sorokina N.V. Professional’naya deyatel’nost’ spetsialistov sotsial’noi sfery v usloviyakh neopredelennosti [Professional activity of social sphere specialists in conditions of uncertainty] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Sotsiodinamika = Sociodynamics, 2023, no. 11, pp. 151–162. doi:10.25136/2409-7144.2023.11.68941 (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
33. Ovcharova L.N., Sinyavskaya O.V. (Eds.). Sotsial’naya zashchita v Rossii do i posle pandemii: razvilki budushchego: Doklad k KHXIII Yasinskoi (Aprel’skoi) mezhdunarodnoi nauchnoi konferentsii po problemam razvitiya ekonomiki i obshchestva, Moskva, 2022 g. Moscow: Izdatel’skii dom Vysshei shkoly ekonomiki, 2022 184 p.
34. Trukhan E.A. Konflikt rolei, rolevaya neopredelennost’ i professional’noe vygoranie. Psikhologicheskoe soprovozhdenie obrazovatel’nogo protsessa = Psychological support of the educational process, 2013. Vol. 1, no. 3-1, pp. 317–324. (In Russ.).
35. Uskova S.A. Povyshenie kachestva professional’no-pedagogicheskoi deyatel’nosti uchitelya v reshenii situatsii neopredelennosti: defitsity, konflikty, krizisy [Improving the quality of teacher's professional and pedagogical activity in the process of solving situations of uncertainty: deficits, conflicts, crises]. Vestnik Leningradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta imeni A.S. Pushkina = Pushkin Leningrad State University Journal, 2020, no. 2, pp. 224–241. (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
36. Tsymbal E.I. Problema vyyavleniya semeinogo neblagopoluchiya na rannikh stadiyakh (analiz normativno-pravovoi bazy) [Identification Problem of Family Dysfunctions in the Early Stages (Analysis of the Regulatory Framework)] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Sotsial’nye nauki i detstvo = Social Sciences and Childhood, 2023. Vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 18–35. doi:10.17759/ssc.2023040102 (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
37. Chernousova T.V. Strategii prozhivaniya situatsii neopredelennosti kak predmet sotsial’no-psikhologicheskogo analiza [Strategies of responding to uncertainty as a subject of socio-psychological analysis] [Elektronnyi resurs]. Psikhologiya cheloveka v obrazovanii = Psychology in Education, 2022. Vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 421–434. doi:10.33910/2686-9527-2022-4-4-421-434 (In Russ., abstr. in Engl.).
38. Alcablan A.K., Almahbub M.S. Mediated trauma in public health workers: the role of social workers in prevention. International Journal of Medical Sciences, 2021. Vol. 5, no. S1, pp. 947–954. doi:10.53730/ijhs.v5nS1.14988
39. Bakker A.B., Gospels D. Job demands-resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 2017. Vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 273–285 doi:10.1037/ocp0000056
40. Boddy J. Engaging with uncertainty: studying child and family welfare in precarious times. Families Relationships and Societies, 2023. Vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 127–141. doi:10.1332/204674321X16704251101652
41. Ferguson H. How social workers reflect in action and when and why they don’t: the possibilities and limits to reflective practice in social work. Social Work Education, 2018. Vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 415–427. doi:10.1080/02615479.2017.1413083
42. Fook J. Uncertainty: the defining characteristic of social work? In Cree V. (Ed.). Social Work: A textbook. London: Routledge, 2011, pp. 30–39. doi:10.4135/9781446247167.n4
43. Gao Yu., Huang Z., Liu N., Yang J. Are physicians rational under ambiguity? Journal of Risk and Uncertainty. 2024. Vol. 68, pp. 183–203. doi:10.1007/s11166-023-09425-z
44. Greco V., Roger D. Coping with uncertainty: the construction and validation of a new measure. Personality and Individual Differences, 2021. Vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 519–534. doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(00)00156-2
45. Hamui-Sutton A., Vives-Varela T., Gutierrez-Barreto S., Leenen I., Sánchez-Mendiola M. The typology of uncertainty obtained based on the analysis of critical incidents in medical residents: a study using mixed methods. BMC Medical Education, 2015. Vol. 15. doi:10.1186/s12909-015-0459-2
46. Hillen M.A., Gutheil C.M., Strout T.D., Smets E.M.A., Han P.K.J. Tolerance to uncertainty: conceptual analysis, integrative model and implications for healthcare. Social Sciences and Medicine, 2017. Vol. 180, pp. 62–75. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.03.024
47. Pomare C., Ellis L.A., Churruca K., Long J.C., Braithwaite J. The Reality of Uncertainty in Mental Health Care Settings Seeking Professional Integration: A Mixed-Methods Approach. International Journal of Integrated Care, 2018. Vol. 18, no. 4. doi:10.5334/ijic.4168
48. Pomare S., Churruka K., Ellis L.A., Long J.K., Braithwaite J. A revised model of uncertainty in complex medical care settings: a review analysis. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 2019. Vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 176–182. doi:10.1111/jep.13079
49. Radey M., Wilke D.J. The Importance of Job Demands and Supports: Promoting Retention Among Child Welfare Workers. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 2021. Vol. 40, pp. 57–69. doi:10.1007/s10560-021-00762-z
50. Ryu G.V., Yang Y.S., Choi M. The mediation role of coping style in the relationship between work stress and subjective well-being among Korean police officers. BMC Public Health, 2020. Vol. 20, no. 1. doi:10.1186/s12889-020-08546-3